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双75 m3膨胀云室研制及成云测试实验

Double-75-m3 Expansion Cloud Chamber Development and Cloud Formation Experiment

  • 摘要: 云室是开展云物理和人工影响天气室内实验研究的重要设备。河北双75 m3膨胀云室是我国研制和建造的重要大中型综合云室。文章介绍了该云室的主体、主要配套系统结构和实验测试情况。通过实验测试,研究了大体积云室在成云过程中内部实验样气的温压湿变化特点,并测试了该云室优越的综合性能指标和温压湿等可控的关键环境技术参数。实验结果表明:该云室温度控制范围从室温到−50°C,最大降温速率大于0.5°C min−1,气压控制范围从常压到1 Pa,具有多种湿度调节方式。可以实现动态膨胀生成冷云或暖云。合适的条件下,云雾维持时间可持续30 min以上,具备了开展基本云物理的实验条件。

     

    Abstract: A cloud chamber is an important equipment for laboratory research on cloud physics and weather modification. The Hebei double-75-m3 expansion cloud chamber is a comprehensive, medium-sized cloud chamber developed and constructed in China. This paper introduces the main body of the cloud chamber, the structure of the main supporting system, and experimental tests. Through the tests, during the cloud formation process, the temperature, pressure, and humidity variation characteristics of an experimental sample gas inside the big-volume cloud chamber are studied. Furthermore, its excellent comprehensive performance and key environmental technical parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and humidity control, are tested. The experimental results show that the chamber can control the temperature of its environment from room temperature to −50°C, its maximum cooling rate can be over 0.5°C min−1, the pressure controlling range is from normal pressure to 1 Pa, and it possesses several humidity adjustment methods. The chamber can realize dynamic expansion to generate cold or warm clouds. Under suitable conditions, cloud or fog can last for more than 30 min. With this chamber, basic cloud physics experiments can be carried out.

     

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