不同类型ENSO对东亚季风的影响和机理研究进展

陈文; 丁硕毅; 冯娟; 陈尚锋; 薛旭; 周群

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1801.17248

不同类型ENSO对东亚季风的影响和机理研究进展

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1801.17248

陈文^{1, 2,},
丁硕毅^{1, 2},
冯娟¹,
陈尚锋¹,
薛旭³,
周群⁴

1.
中国科学院大气物理研究所季风系统研究中心, 北京 100029
2.
中国科学院大学地球科学学院, 北京 100049
3.
贵州大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550025
4.
国家海洋局国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京 100081

基金项目:

国家重点研究发展计划项目 2016YFA0600604

国家自然科学基金项目 41721004

国家自然科学基金项目 41505050

中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目 QYZDY-SSW-DQC024

详细信息

作者简介:
陈文, 男, 1966年出生, 研究员、博士生导师, 主要从事东亚季风和气候动力学研究。E-mail:chenw@mail.iap.ac.cn

中图分类号: P461
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- HTML全文浏览量: 110
- PDF下载量: 1950
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-10-10
- 网络出版日期: 2018-01-15
- 刊出日期: 2018-05-15

Progress in the Study of Impacts of Different Types of ENSO on the East Asian Monsoon and their Mechanisms

Wen CHEN^{1, 2
,},
Shuoyi DING^{1, 2},
Juan FENG¹,
Shangfeng CHEN¹,
Xu XUE³,
Qun ZHOU⁴

1.
Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
2.
School of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3.
Department of Ecosystem, College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025
4.
China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100081

Funds:

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2016YFA0600604

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41721004

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41505050

Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences QYZDY-SSW-DQC024

摘要

摘要: 近十几年来有关热带太平洋存在不同类型的增暖型的研究成为热点课题，其中主要依据海温的空间形态将厄尔尼诺与南方涛动（ENSO）分为两类：一类为传统的东太平洋型ENSO，另一类为中太平洋型ENSO。该两类ENSO的形成机制、演变过程均有不同，产生的气候影响也有差异。本文简要回顾了国内外有关不同类型ENSO及其气候影响的研究进展，特别综述了近年来关于两类ENSO事件对东亚夏季风、东亚冬季风以及东亚冬夏季风关联的影响和机理方面的主要研究进展。文中侧重讨论了年际和年代际时间尺度上ENSO事件对东亚季风的影响，并提出了今后在该领域一些需要进一步研究的科学问题。
- 两类ENSO /
- 东亚夏季风 /
- 东亚冬季风 /
- 大气遥相关 /
- 海气相互作用
Abstract: In recent decades, different types of tropical Pacific Ocean warming events have received extensive attention. According to the spatial pattern of sea surface temperature anomalies, El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is generally classified into two types. One is called the conventional eastern-Pacific ENSO, the other is called the central-Pacific ENSO. These two types of ENSO are totally different in both formation mechanism and evolution process. Moreover, they also generate different climate responses. This paper has briefly reviewed the advances in the studies on the different types of ENSO and their climate impacts, and particular attention is given to the main progress of the impacts on the East Asian summer monsoon, the East Asian winter monsoon, and the relationship between the East Asian winter and summer monsoons by the two different types of ENSO and the associated mechanisms. The climate impacts of ENSO on the interannual and interdecadal timescales are mainly focused. Finally, several scientific issues are proposed for future investigation.
- Two types of ENSO /
- East Asian summer monsoon /
- East Asian winter monsoon /
- Atmospheric teleconnection /
- Ocean-atmosphere interaction

HTML全文

图 1 （a）与CP La Niña事件相联系的海表面温度（单位：℃）和大气环流异常，及其引起的澳大利亚夏季降水（单位：mm d^-1）与欧洲冬季降水（单位：mm d^-1）、地表温度（单位：℃）异常的示意图。（b）同图a，但为EP La Niña事件。填色代表海表面和地表温度异常，红（蓝）色为暖（冷）异常；打点代表陆地降水异常，绿（棕）色为偏湿（干）；H（L）代表对流层高层的高（低）压异常；箭头代表低层风场的方向

Figure 1. (a) Schematic diagram of the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA, units: ℃) and atmospheric circulation anomaly, and the precipitation anomaly (units: mm d^-1) and surface air temperature anomaly (SATA, units: ℃) for both Australian summer and European winter associated with the CP La Niña (central-Pacific La Niña) events. (b) As in Fig. a, but for the EP La Niña (eastern-Pacific La Niña) events. Color shading indicates the SSTA and SATA (units: ℃) with warm (cold) in red (blue); dotted area indicates the rainfall anomalies with wet (dry) in green (brown); H (L) represents the anticyclonic (cyclonic) anomaly in the upper troposphere; the arrows indicate winds in the lower troposphere

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图 2 1979~2011年逐月平均AO指数与Niño3.4指数之间的超前—滞后相关系数分布。纵坐标表示AO所在的月份；横坐标的数值（单位：月份数）为正（负）时表示AO超前（滞后）Niño3.4指数；填色区域表示相关系数通过95%信度水平检验；等值线间隔为0.1，零值未画出

Figure 2. Lead–lag correlation coefficients between the monthly AO (Arctic Oscillation) index and the Niño3.4 index during 1979–2011. Y-axis indicates the months for the AO; positive (negative) lag time (units: months) on x-axis indicates that the AO index leads (lags) the Niño-3.4 index; the shadings indicate the correlation exceeding the 95% confidence level; the contour interval is 0.1, zero line is omitted

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图 3 夏季平均的（a）南亚高压强度（单位：gpm）、（b）南亚高压纬度指数（单位：degrees）的标准差在1948~2014的变化。红色圆点表示未分类（NC）的年份，蓝色圆点表示传统El Niño事件，绿色圆点表示El Niño Modoki事件

Figure 3. Normalized standardized deviation of summer (JJA, June, July, August) mean (a) SAH (South Asia High) intensity index (units: gpm) and (b) SAH latitude index (units: degrees) for the period of 1948–2014. The red dots represent the unclassified (NC) years, blue dots denote the El Niño events, and green dots denote the El Niño Modoki events

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图 4 （a）EP El Niño年，（b）EP La Niña年合成的冬季（12~2月）平均的850 hPa上的风场（矢量，单位：m s⁻¹）和流函数场（彩色阴影，单位：10⁶ m² s⁻¹）的异常分布。（c）用图a与图b的差表征的对称部分；（d）用图a与图b的和表征的非对称部分。打点区域表示流函数异常通过95%信度水平检验，小于0.5 m s^-1的风场矢量未画出

Figure 4. Composite winter mean (DJF, December, January, February) 850-hPa wind (vectors, units: m s^-1) and stream function (colour shadings, units: 10⁶ m² s^-1) anomalies during the (a) EP El Niño and (b) EP La Niña cases, respectively. (c) Symmetric part estimated by the difference of (a) and (b). (d) Asymmetric part estimated by the sum of (a) and (b). The stream function anomalies above the 95% confidence level are dotted, the wind anomalies less than 0.5 m s^-1 are omitted

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