1961～2018年中国生长季变化

吴蓓蕾; 姜大膀; 王晓欣

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.20110

1961～2018年中国生长季变化

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.20110

吴蓓蕾^{1, 2,},
姜大膀^{1, 2, ,},
王晓欣¹

1.
中国科学院大气物理研究所，北京 100029
2.
中国科学院大学，北京 100049

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目41991284，国家重点研究发展计划项目2016YFA0600704

详细信息

作者简介:
吴蓓蕾，女，1995年出生，博士研究生，主要从事气候变化研究。E-mail: wubeilei@mail.iap.ac.cn

通讯作者:
姜大膀，E-mail: jiangdb@mail.iap.ac.cn

中图分类号: P467
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-02-02
- 录用日期: 2020-10-13
- 网络出版日期: 2020-10-10
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-18

Changes in the Growing Season Across China during 1961–2018

Beilei WU^{1, 2
,},
Dabang JIANG^{1, 2
, ,},
Xiaoxin WANG¹

1.
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 41991284), National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant 2016YFA0600704)

摘要

摘要: 在全球变暖背景下，中国区域生长季发生了改变，但以往研究时段偏短、数据分辨率低且空间覆盖相对有限。本文利用0.25°×0.25°高水平分辨率日平均气温资料CN05.1，研究了1961～2018年中国生长季开始日、结束日和长度的气候态特征、变化趋势及其与季节平均温度的关系。结果表明，1961～2018年中国平均生长季开始日和结束日分别为3月31日和10月29日，长度为212 d。空间上，开始日由东南向西北逐渐推迟，结束日呈反向变化，长度由东南向西北缩短。整体而言，1961～2018年中国平均生长季开始日提前、结束日推迟、长度延长，其速率分别为−1.3 d (10 a)⁻¹、0.9 d (10 a)⁻¹、2.2 d (10 a)⁻¹，其中开始日提前对长度延长的影响更大。此外，中国平均生长季开始日提前和长度增加主要源于春季升温，而结束日推迟则与秋季变暖有关。
- 生长季 /
- 中国 /
- 气候态 /
- 变化趋势 /
- 季节温度
Abstract: As global warming intensifies, the growing season changes correspondingly across China. Earlier, pertinent studies of the growing season have only covered short-term periods, used low-resolution horizontal data, and focused on limited regions. Based on these premises, the authors investigated the climatological trends of the start of the growing season (GSS), end of the growing season (GSE), and growing season length (GSL) across China during 1961–2018. The authors used daily mean temperature data from a high-resolution horizontal gridded dataset CN05.1 (0.25°×0.25°). The relationship between the changes in the growing season and seasonal average temperature was also analyzed. The results indicated that the national average GSS and GSE were 31 March and 29 October, respectively, and GSL was 212 d across China during 1961–2018. Spatially, annual average GSS was delayed from southeast to northwest, whereas, GSE showed the opposite trend; GSL decreased from southeast to northwest. In generally, the trends in the national average growing season displayed an early start [−1.3 d (10 a)⁻¹], a late end [0.9 d (10 a)⁻¹ ], and a long length [2.2 d (10 a)⁻¹] across China from 1961 to 2018. Finally, both the advance of the national average GSS and extension of the GSL were mainly related to increased spring temperatures, whereas, the delay in the GSE originated from increased autumn temperatures.
- Growing season /
- China /
- Climatology /
- Trend /
- Seasonal temperature

HTML全文

图 1 1961～2018年中国年平均（a）GSS（日序数）、（b）GSE（日序数）和（c）GSL（单位：d）

Figure 1. Climatological distribution for (a) GSS (Start of the Growing Season, Julian days), (b) GSE (End of the Growing Season, Julian days), and (c) GSL (Growing Season Length, units: d) across China during 1961–2018

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图 2 1961～2018年中国及其各分区平均（a）GSS、（b）GSE和（c）GSL的时间序列

Figure 2. Time series of regional averages of (a) GSS, (b) GSE, and (c) GSL across China and its subregions during 1961–2018

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图 3 1961～2018年中国（a）GSS、（b）GSE和（c）GSL的变化趋势[单位：d (10 a)⁻¹]，打点区域通过0.05显著性水平的显著性检验

Figure 3. Trends [units: d (10 a)⁻¹)] in (a) GSS, (b) GSE, and (c) GSL across China during 1961–2018, dotted areas are statistically significant at the 0.05 level

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图 4 1961～2018年中国（a）年、（b）春季、（c）夏季、（d）秋季和（e）冬季平均温度的变化趋势[单位：°C (10 a)⁻¹]，打点区域通过0.05显著性水平的显著性检验

Figure 4. Trends [units: °C (10 a)⁻¹)] in annual and seasonal average temperatures for (a) annual, (b) spring, (c) summer, (d) autumn, and (e) winter across China during 1961–2018, dotted areas are statistically significant at the 0.05 level

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表 1 1961～2018年中国及其各分区平均GSS、GSE和GSL

Table 1. Regional average GSS (Start of the Growing Season), GSE (End of the Growing Season), and GSL (Growing Season Length) across China and its subregions during 1961–2018

地区	GSS		GSE		GSL/d
地区	日序数	日期	日序数	日期	GSL/d
中国	90	3月31日	302	10月29日	212
东北	113	4月23日	287	10月14日	174
华北	89	3月30日	311	11月7日	222
江淮	41	2月10日	346	12月12日	305
华南	7	1月7日	359	12月25日	352
西南	61	3月2日	322	11月18日	261
青藏高原	156	6月5日	254	9月11日	98
西北	107	4月17日	285	10月12日	178

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表 2 1961～2018年中国及其各分区平均GSS、GSE和GSL的变化趋势[单位：d (10 a)⁻¹)]

Table 2. Trends [units: d (10 a)⁻¹)] in regional average GSS, GSE, and GSL across China and its subregions during 1961–2018

地区	变化趋势/d (10 a)⁻¹
地区	GSS	GSE	GSL
中国	−1.3^*	0.9^*	2.2^*
东北	−1.7^*	0.9^*	2.6^*
华北	−1.9^*	0.6^*	2.5^*
江淮	−2.4^*	0.8	3.2^*
华南	−0.6	0.3	0.9^*
西南	−1.1^*	1.0^*	2.1^*
青藏高原	−1.3^*	2.0^*	3.4^*
西北	−1.0^*	0.8^*	1.8^*
注：*表示通过0.05显著性水平的显著性检验。

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表 3 1961～2018年中国及其各分区年平均和季节平均温度的变化趋势[单位：°C (10 a)⁻¹]

Table 3. Trends [units: °C (10 a)⁻¹)] in annual and seasonal average temperature across China and its subregions during 1961–2018

地区	平均温度的变化趋势/°C (10 a)⁻¹
地区	年	春季	夏季	秋季	冬季
中国	0.27^*	0.27^*	0.19^*	0.26^*	0.37^*
东北	0.33^*	0.38^*	0.29^*	0.27^*	0.40^*
华北	0.26^*	0.31^*	0.13^*	0.20^*	0.43^*
江淮	0.18^*	0.26^*	0.02	0.17^*	0.27^*
华南	0.17^*	0.13^*	0.11^*	0.20^*	0.23^*
西南	0.18^*	0.13^*	0.14^*	0.20^*	0.26^*
青藏高原	0.34^*	0.30^*	0.25^*	0.36^*	0.49^*
西北	0.31^*	0.29^*	0.24^*	0.31^*	0.42^*
注：*表示通过0.05显著性水平的显著性检验。

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表 4 1961～2018年中国及其各分区平均GSS、GSE和GSL变化与年平均和季节平均温度变化的相关系数

Table 4. Correlation coefficients between regional average changes in GSS, GSE, and GSL and those of annual and seasonal average temperatures across China and its subregions during 1961–2018

地区	与年平均和季节平均温度变化的相关系数
	GSS					GSE					GSL
	年	春季	夏季	秋季	冬季	年	春季	夏季	秋季	冬季	年	春季	夏季	秋季	冬季
中国	−0.77^*	−0.78^*	−0.52^*	−0.45^*	−0.58^*	0.63^*	0.43^*	0.58^*	0.78^*	0.47^*	0.88^*	0.78^*	0.67^*	0.73^*	0.66^*
东北	−0.59^*	−0.85^*	−0.23	−0.16	−0.28^*	0.47^*	0.32^*	0.23	0.62^*	0.32^*	0.67^*	0.78^*	0.28^*	0.44^*	0.37^*
华北	−0.73^*	−0.88^*	−0.35^*	−0.24	−0.43^*	0.40^*	0.17	0.15	0.80^*	0.31^*	0.82^*	0.84^*	0.37^*	0.59^*	0.52^*
江淮	−0.58^*	−0.34^*	−0.05	−0.26^*	−0.33^*	0.30^*	0.21	0.08	0.35^*	0.20	0.65^*	0.40^*	0.09	0.41^*	0.39^*
华南	−0.25	−0.08	0.14	−0.10	−0.19	0.01	0.09	0.16	0.17	0.31^*	0.24	0.11	−0.06	0.17	0.32^*
西南	−0.67^*	−0.60^*	−0.32^*	−0.40^*	−0.37^*	0.58^*	0.37^*	0.54^*	0.61^*	0.38^*	0.80^*	0.63^*	0.53^*	0.63^*	0.47^*
青藏高原	−0.56^*	−0.57^*	−0.62^*	−0.39^*	−0.36^*	0.68^*	0.38^*	0.73^*	0.64^*	0.40^*	0.79^*	0.61^*	0.87^*	0.67^*	0.49^*
西北	−0.65^*	−0.86^*	−0.53^*	−0.38^*	−0.41^*	0.45^*	0.18	0.38^*	0.70^*	0.33^*	0.72^*	0.71^*	0.59^*	0.68^*	0.48^*
注：*表示通过0.05显著性水平的显著性检验。

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