2014年夏季浙江低温多雨的大尺度环流特征及与海温异常关系

钱卓蕾; 娄小芬; 马洁华; 江丽俐; 罗玲

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17012

2014年夏季浙江低温多雨的大尺度环流特征及与海温异常关系

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17012

钱卓蕾^1,,
娄小芬²,
马洁华^{3, 4},
江丽俐¹,
罗玲²

1.
绍兴市气象台, 浙江绍兴 312000
2.
浙江省气象台, 杭州 310000
3.
中国科学院气候变化研究中心, 北京 100029
4.
中国科学院大气物理研究所竺可桢-南森国际研究中心, 北京 100029

基金项目:

中国气象局预报员专项 CMAYBY2015-029

详细信息

作者简介:
钱卓蕾, 女, 1985年出生, 硕士, 副高级工程师, 主要从事天气预报和气候研究。E-mail: qianzl@mail.iap.ac.cn

中图分类号: P466
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-01-23
- 网络出版日期: 2017-08-31
- 刊出日期: 2018-03-20

Large-Scale Circulation Characteristics Corresponding to the Cold and Rainy Summer of 2014 in Zhejiang Province and the Relationship with SST Anomalies

1.
Shaoxing Meteorological Office, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province 312000
2.
Meteorological Bureau of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000
3.
Climate Change Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
4.
Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

Funds:

China Meteorological Administration Forecaster Project CMAYBY2015-029

摘要

摘要: 利用NECP/NCAR再分析资料、国家气候中心和NOAA相关资料，研究了与2014年浙江夏季低温多雨事件相关的大尺度环流特征和海温因子。结果表明：中纬度我国东部到日本南部气旋性环流异常的存在有利于浙江夏季出现低温多雨，异常偏强偏南的西太平洋副热带高压（简称副高）是8月罕见低温多雨的直接原因；东亚-太平洋型遥相关（EAP）和欧亚型遥相关（EU）是影响浙江夏季低温阴雨的主要遥相关型，当EAP负位相和EU正位相时，冷空气容易堆积和南下，与暖湿气流交汇，有利于降水降温，8月罕见低温阴雨是EAP负位相和EU正位相协同作用的结果。进一步的分析表明ENSO暖位相激发了西太平洋上空强烈的异常下沉气流和反气旋，使得副高偏南偏强，东亚地区呈EAP波列型响应；热带印度洋海温全区一致模态（IOBW）暖位相的维持进一步减弱了8月海洋性大陆地区的对流活动；北大西洋中部海温季内的变化或许与EU位相的转变有联系。
- 浙江夏季低温多雨 /
- 西太平洋副热带高压 /
- 遥相关 /
- 海温 /
- ENSO
Abstract: Using NECP/NCAR reanalysis data, NCC (National Climate Center) and NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) relevant data, large-scale circulation characteristics and sea surface temperature corresponding to the cold and rainy summer of 2014 in Zhejiang Province are analyzed. The results are as follows. The anomalous cyclonic circulation in the middle and low latitudes from eastern China to southern Japan was conducive to cold and rainy summer in Zhejiang, while the abnormally strong and southward expanding western Pacific subtropical high was also an important factor for the extremely cold and rainy August; EAP and EU were two main teleconnection patterns that affected the abnormal cold and rainy summer in Zhejiang Province. The negative EAP (East Asia-Pacific teleconnection pattern) phase and positive EU (Eurasian teleconnection pattern) phase were in favor of cold air accumulation and southward moving. The cold and warm air intersected over Zhejiang Province, leading to cold rainy weather. The rare cold rainy August was the synergistic result of negative EAP phase and positive EU phase. Further analysis reveals that the warm ENSO phase triggered a strong abnormal descending airflow and an anticyclone over the western Pacific in August, which forced the western Pacific subtropical high to move southward and become stronger, while EAP wave trains occurred over East Asia in response. The maintenance of the warm IOBW (Indian Ocean Basin Wide) phase further weakened convective activities over the Maritime continent in August. Intraseasonal SST changes in the central North Atlantic might be associated with the shifts of the EU phase.
- Zhejiang cold and rainy summer /
- Western Pacific subtropical high /
- Teleconnection pattern /
- Sea surface temperature /
- ENSO

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图 1 2014年夏季和多年平均浙江(a)雨量和(b)平均气温

Figure 1. (a) Cumulative rainfall and (b) average temperature in the summer of 2014 and annudmeans in zhejiang Province

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图 2 2014年夏季850 hPa风场距平：(a)夏季平均；(b)6月；(c)7月；(d)8月

Figure 2. 850-hPa wind anomalies in the summer of 2014: (a): June-August (JJA); (b) June; (c) July; (d) August

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图 3 2014年夏季500 hPa位势高度距平(单位：gpm)：(a)夏季平均；(b)6月；(c)7月；(d)8月。加粗实线为EAP型遥相关，加粗虚线为EU型遥相关

Figure 3. 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies (gpm) in the summer of 2014: (a) JJA; (b) June; (c) July; (d) August. Thickening solid line is for EAP (East Asia–Pacific teleconnection pattern) and thickening dotted line is for EU (Eurasian teleconnection pattern)

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图 4 2014年海表温度距平(单位：℃)：(a)1月；(b)2月；(c)3月；(d)4月；(e)5月；(f)6月；(g)7月；(h)8月

Figure 4. SST anomalies (℃) in 2014: (a) January; (b) February; (c) March; (d) April; (e) May; (f) June; (g) July; (h) August

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图 5 2014年(a)6月、(b)7月和(c)8月0°~10°N平均纬向—垂直风场距平(单位：m/s)的经度—高度剖面(阴影代表垂直风速大于2 hPa/s)

Figure 5. Longitude–pressure cross sections of meridional–vertical wind anomalies averaged over (0°-10°N) (m/s) in (a) June, (b) July, and (c) August of 2014 (shaded areas indicate vertical wind≥2 hPa/s)

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图 6 (a) Nino3指数和(b)北大西洋中部海表温度回归的8月500 hPa位势高度场(浅、深填色表示通过90%、95%的置信水平检验)

Figure 6. Regression maps of 500-hPa geopotential height in August onto (a) Nino3 index and (b) Mid-North Atlantic Ocean SST (Light/dark colored areas are for values that pass the confidence level of 90%/95%)

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表 1 2014年Nino3指数、IOBW指数和Mid-NA指数的月变化

Table 1. Monthly variations of Nino3, IOBW, and Mid-NA indexes in 2014

	Nino3指数	IOBW指数	Mid-NA指数
1月	-0.39	0.05	-0.36
2月	-0.83	0.02	-0.30
3月	-0.25	0.12	-0.44
4月	0.22	0.24	-0.63
5月	0.60	0.35	-0.59
6月	0.88	0.38	-0.44
7月	0.62	0.22	0.27
8月	0.48	0.20	0.79

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