Summer Rainfall-SST Relationships in the Western North Pacific Simulated by the FGOALS Model with Ocean Assimilation

Liwei ZOU; Donghuan LI; Tianjun ZHOU; Bo WU

doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17006

Volume 23 Issue 2

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Climatic and Environmental Research > 2018 > 23(2): 139-149

Liwei ZOU, Donghuan LI, Tianjun ZHOU, Bo WU. Summer Rainfall-SST Relationships in the Western North Pacific Simulated by the FGOALS Model with Ocean Assimilation[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2018, 23(2): 139-149. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17006

Citation:

Liwei ZOU, Donghuan LI, Tianjun ZHOU, Bo WU. Summer Rainfall-SST Relationships in the Western North Pacific Simulated by the FGOALS Model with Ocean Assimilation[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2018, 23(2): 139-149. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17006

Citation:

PDF( 6275 KB)

Summer Rainfall-SST Relationships in the Western North Pacific Simulated by the FGOALS Model with Ocean Assimilation

doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2017.17006

Liwei ZOU^{1, 2
,},
Donghuan LI^{1, 3},
Tianjun ZHOU^{1, 3},
Bo WU¹

1.
State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029
2.
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081
3.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Funds:

R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Meteorology) GYHY201506012

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41575105

the Open Program of State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences 2016LASW-B03

Received Date: 2017-01-08
Available Online: 2017-07-26
Publish Date: 2018-03-20

Abstract

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance of FGOALS (Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land surface-Sea ice coupled model) with ocean assimilation in the simulation of summer rainfall-SST relationship during 1979-2005 in the western North Pacific (WNP), and compares the results with corresponding simulations forced by observed sea surface temperature and FGOALS historical simulation. Results show that the FGOALS with ocean assimilation well captures the interannual variability of summer SST over the WNP except that over east of the Philippines. For the interannual variability of precipitation, it barely demonstrates any skill over Asian summer monsoon region, which is comparable to the AMIP (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project) simulation. However, for the summer rainfall-SST relationship, the observed negative correlations over South China Sea and east of Philippines are partly reproduced in the FGOALS with ocean assimilation, in particular when the precipitation leads SST by one month and is concurrent with SST. The simulated skill is better than the AMIP simulation, but is inferior to the historical simulation. Based on observations, anomalous convection and circulation in the summer over the WNP are primarily driven by SST anomalies over the area near the dateline and the eastern Indian Ocean-Maritime Continent. The induced anomalous convections affect solar radiation reaching the sea surface, which contributes significantly to local SST anomalies and leads to negative SST-rainfall correlation and SST tendency-rainfall correlation. In the AMIP simulation, the anomalous circulation over the WNP driven by the remote forcing is underestimated. Since the AMIP simulation is forced by observed SST, the anomalous convection and circulation are forced by underlying SST over some places of the WNP, leading to positive rainfall-SST correlation. Although the anomalous circulations over the WNP driven by the remote forcing are also underestimated in both FGOALS with ocean assimilation and historical simulation, weaker than observed negative SST-rainfall correlations are produced since local air-sea coupling is included. In addition, the historical simulation tends to overestimate the forcing from SST anomalies over the WNP south of 20°N, which leads to better simulated SST-rainfall correlation than the FGOALS with ocean assimilation over South China Sea and south of Japan islands.
- Coupled model simulation with assimilated ocean,
- Rainfall-SST relationship,
- Western North Pacific

FullText(HTML)

References(34)

References

[1]	Adler R F, Huffman G J, Chang A, et al. 2003. The version-2 global precipitation climatology project (GPCP) monthly precipitation analysis (1979-present)[J]. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 4 (6):1147-1167, doi:10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<1147:TVGPCP>2.0.CO;2.
[2]	Bao Q, Lin P F, Zhou T J, et al. 2013. The flexible global ocean-atmosphere-land system model, spectral version 2:FGOALS-s2[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 30 (3):561-576, doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2113-9.
[3]	Cha D H, Jin C S, Moon J H, et al. 2016. Improvement of regional climate simulation of East Asian summer monsoon by coupled air-sea interaction and large-scale nudging[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 36 (1):334-345, doi: 10.1002/joc.4349.
[4]	Collins W D, Bitz C M, Blackmon M L, et al. 2006. The community climate system model version 3 (CCSM3)[J]. J. Climate, 19(11):2122-2143, doi: 10.1175/JCLI3761.1.
[5]	Duan A M, Sui C H, Wu G X. 2008. Simulation of local air-sea interaction in the great warm pool and its influence on Asian monsoon[J]. J. Geophys. Res.:Atmos., 113(D22):D22105, doi: 10.1029/2008JD010520.
[6]	Guinehut S, Coatanoan C, Dhomps A L, et al. 2009. On the use of satellite altimeter data in Argo quality control[J]. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 26 (2):395-402, doi: 10.1175/2008JTECHO648.1.
[7]	Huang Q, Yao S X, Zhang Y C. 2012. Analysis of local air-sea interaction in East Asia using a regional air-sea coupled model[J]. J. Climate, 25 (2):767-776, doi: 10.1175/2011JCLI3783.1.
[8]	Kanamitsu M, Ebisuzaki W, Woollen J, et al. 2002. NCEP-DOE AMIP-Ⅱ reanalysis (r-2)[J]. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83 (11):1631-1643, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-83-11-1631.
[9]	Kirtman S B, Power S B, Adedoyin J A, et al. 2013. Near-term climate change: Projections and predictability[M]//Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group Ⅰ to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Stocker T F, Qin D, Plattner G K, et al, Eds. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 953-1028.
[10]	Kumar K K, Hoerling M, Rajagopalan B. 2005. Advancing dynamical prediction of Indian monsoon rainfall[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32:L08704, doi: 10.1029/2004GL021979.
[11]	李涛, 周广庆. 2010.一个东亚区域海气耦合模式初步结果[J].科学通报, 55 (9):808-819. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/71135X/201107/33620362.html Li Tao, Zhou Guangqing. 2010. Preliminary results of a regional air-sea coupled model over East Asia[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 55 (21):2295-2305. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/71135X/201107/33620362.html
[12]	Liu H L, Lin P F, Yu Y Q, et al. 2012. The baseline evaluation of LASG/IAP climate system ocean model (LICOM) version 2[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 26 (3):318-329, doi: 10.1007/s13351-012-0305-y.
[13]	Oleson K W, Dai Y, Bonan G, et al. 2004. Technical description of the community land model (CLM)[R]. Tech. Note NCAR/TN-461+ STR.
[14]	Ratnam J V, Giorgi F, Kaginalkar A, et al. 2009. Simulation of the Indian monsoon using the RegCM3-ROMS regional coupled model[J]. Climate Dyn., 33 (1):119-139, doi: 10.1007/s00382-008-0433-3.
[15]	Rayner N A, Brohan P, Parker D E, et al. 2006. Improved analyses of changes and uncertainties in sea surface temperature measured in situ since the mid-nineteenth century:The HadSST2 dataset[J]. J. Climate, 19 (3):446-469, doi: 10.1175/JCLI3637.1.
[16]	Song F F, Zhou T J. 2014. The climatology and interannual variability of East Asian summer monsoon in CMIP5 coupled models:Does air-sea coupling improve the simulations?[J]. J. Climate, 27 (23):8761-8777, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00396.1.
[17]	Trenberth K E, Shea D J. 2005. Relationships between precipitation and surface temperature[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32 (14):L14703, doi: 10.1029/2005GL022760.
[18]	Wang B, Kang I S, Lee J Y. 2004. Ensemble simulations of Asian-Australian monsoon variability by 11 AGCMs[J]. J. Climate, 17:803-818, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<0803:ESOAMV>2.0.CO; 2.
[19]	Wang B, Ding Q H, Fu X H, et al. 2005. Fundamental challenge in simulation and prediction of summer monsoon rainfall[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32(15):L15711, doi: 10.1029/2005GL022734.
[20]	Wu B, Zhou T J, Li T. 2009. Contrast of rainfall-SST relationships in the western North Pacific between the ENSO-developing and ENSO-decaying summers[J]. J. Climate, 22:4398-4405, doi: 10.1175/2009JCLI2648.1.
[21]	Wu B, Li T, Zhou T J. 2010. Asymmetry of atmospheric circulation anomalies over the western North Pacific between El Niño and La Niña[J]. J. Climate, 23:4807-4822, doi: 10.1175/2010JCLI3222.1.
[22]	Wu B, Zheng F, Zhou T J. 2018. EnOI-IAU initialization scheme designed for decadal climate prediction system IAP-DecPreS[J]. J. Adv. Modell. Earth Syst., doi: 10.1002/2017MS001132
[23]	Wu R G, Kirtman B P. 2007. Regimes of seasonal air-sea interaction and implications for performance of forced simulations[J]. Climate Dyn., 29:393-410, doi: 10.1007/s00382-007-0246-9.
[24]	Xie S P, Hu K M, Hafner J, et al. 2009. Indian Ocean capacitor effect on Indo-western Pacific climate during the summer following El Niño[J]. J. Climate, 22(3):730-747, doi: 10.1175/2008JCLI2544.1.
[25]	姚素香, 张耀存. 2008.区域海气耦合模式对中国夏季降水的模拟[J].气象学报, 66 (2):131-142. doi: 10.11676/qxxb2008.014 Yao Suxiang, Zhang Yaocun. 2008. Simulation of China summer precipitation with a regional air-sea coupled model[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 66 (2):131-142, doi: 10.11676/qxxb2008.014.
[26]	Yu L S, Weller R A. 2007. Objectively analyzed air-sea heat fluxes for the global ice-free oceans (1981-2005)[J]. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88:527-539, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-88-4-527.
[27]	Zhang Y C, Rossow W B, Lacis A A, et al. 2004. Calculation of radiative fluxes from the surface to top of atmosphere based on ISCCP and other global data sets:Refinements of the radiative transfer model and the input data[J]. J. Geophys. Res., 109:D19105, doi: 10.1029/2003JD004457.
[28]	Zhou T J, Yu R C, Li H M, et al. 2008. Ocean forcing to changes in global monsoon precipitation over the recent half-century[J]. J. Climate, 21 (15):3833-3852, doi: 10.1175/2008JCLI2067.1.
[29]	Zhou T J, Wu B, Wang B. 2009a. How well do atmospheric general circulation models capture the leading modes of the interannual variability of the Asian-Australian monsoon?[J]. J. Climate, 22 (5):1159-1173, doi: 10.1175/2008JCLI2245.1.
[30]	Zhou T J, Wu B, Scaife A A, et al. 2009b. The CLIVAR C20C project:Which components of the Asian-Australian monsoon circulation variations are forced and reproducible?[J]. Climate Dyn., 33:1051-1068, doi: 10.1007/s00382-008-0501-8.
[31]	Zhou T J, Chen X L, Dong L, et al. 2014. Chinese contribution to CMIP5:An overview of five Chinese models' performances[J]. J. Meteor. Res., 28 (4):481-509, doi: 10.1007/s13351-014-4001-y.
[32]	Zou L W, Zhou T J. 2013. Can a regional ocean-atmosphere coupled model improve the simulation of the interannual variability of the Western North Pacific Summer monsoon?[J]. J. Climate, 26:2353-2367, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00722.1.
[33]	Zou L W, Zhou T J. 2014. Simulation of the western North Pacific summer monsoon by regional ocean-atmosphere coupled model:Impacts of oceanic components[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 59 (7):662-673, doi: 10.1007/s11434-013-0104-6.
[34]	Zou L W, Zhou T J, Peng D D. 2016. Dynamical downscaling of historical climate over CORDEX East Asia domain:A comparison of regional ocean-atmosphere coupled model to stand-alone RCM simulations[J]. J. Geophys. Res.:Atmos., 121(4):1442-1458, doi: 10.1002/2015JD023912.