Baik J. J. , Y. H. Kim , H. Y. Chun , 2000: Dry and moist convection forced by an urban heat island. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 1462- 1475.
Changnon S. A. , 2003: Urban modification of freezing-rain events. J. Appl. Meteor., 42, 863- 870.
Changnon S. A. , F. A. Huff , G. R. Semonin , 1971: Metromex: An investigation of inadvertent weather modification. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 52, 958- 968.
Deng A. J. , S. Y. Tao , L. T. Chen , 1989: The EOF analysis of rainfall in China during monsoon season. Chinese J. Atmos. Sci., 13, 289- 295. (in Chinese)
Diem J. E. , T. L. Mote , 2005: Inter-epochal changes in summer precipitation in the south-eastern United States: Evidence of possible urban effects near Atlanta, Georgia. J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 717- 730.
Gallo K. P. , T. W. Owen , D. R. Easterling , 1999: Temperature trends of the U.S. historical climatology network based on satellite-designated land use/land cover. J. Climate, 12, 1344- 1348.
Kishtawal C. M. , D. Niyogi , M. Tewari , R. A. Pielke Sr., J. M. Shepherd , 2010: Urbanization signature in the observed heavy rainfall climatology over India. Int. J. Climatol., 30, 1908- 1916.
Landsberg H. E. , 1981: The Urban Climate. Academic Press, 276 pp.
Li Q. C. , C. L. Cheng , H. Gao , H. Y. Ding , 2011a: Numerical simulation and analysis on a heavy snow of return-flow events in Beijing. Meteorological Monthly, 37, 1380- 1388. (in Chinese)
Li Q. X. , W. J. Dong , 2009: Detection and adjustment of undocumented discontinuities in Chinese temperature series using a composite approach. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 26, 143- 153, doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0143-8.
Li Z. , Z. Yan , 2009: Homogenized China daily mean/maximum/minimum temperature series 1960-2008. Atmos. Ocean Sci. Lett., 2, 237- 243.
Li Z. , Z. Yan , 2010: Application of multiple analysis of series for homogenization (MASH) to Beijing daily temperature series 1960-2006. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 27, 777- 787, doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9052-0.
Li Z. , Z. Yan , K. Tu , W. Liu , Y. Wang , 2011b: Changes in wind speed and extremes in Beijing during 1960-2008 based on homogenized observations. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 28, 408- 420, doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-0018-z.
Mitra C. , J. M. Shepherd , T. Jordan , 2011: On the relationship between the pre-monsoonal rainfall climatology and urban land cover dynamics in Kolkata city, India. Int. J. Climatol., doi: 10.1002/joc.2366.
Mölders N. , M. Olson , 2004: Impact of urban effects on precipitation in high latitude. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 5, 409- 429, doi: 10.1175/1525-7541.
Shepherd J. M. , 2005: A review of current investigations of urban-induced rainfall and recommendations for the future. Earth Interactions, 9, 1- 27.
Shepherd J. M. , H. Pierce , A. J. Negri , 2002: Rainfall modification by major urban areas: observations from space-borne rain radar on the TRMM satellite. J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 689- 701.
Sun J. H. , S. X. Zhao , 2003: A numerical simulation of snowfall in north China on 7 December 2001. Climatic and Environmental Research, 8, 387- 401. (in Chinese)
Sun J. S. , W. J. Shu , 2007: The effect of urban heat island on winter and summer precipitation in Bejing region. Chinese J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 311- 320. (in Chinese)
Sun J. S. , B. Yang , 2008: Mesoscale torrential rain affected by topography and the urban circulation. Chinese J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1352- 1364. (in Chinese)
Sun J. S. , F. Liang , M. Chen , X. N. Liao , 2003: An analysis on serious city traffic trouble caused by light snow. Chinese J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 1057- 1066. (in Chinese)
Sun J. , P. Y. Wang , X. Li , Y. Lu , 2007: Numerical study on microphysical process of two different snowfall cases in Northern China. Acta Meterorologica Sinica, 21, 420- 437.
Szentimrey T. , 1999: Multiple Analyses of Series for Homogenization (MASH). Proc. Second Seminar for Homogenization of Surface Climatological Data, Budapets, Hungary, WMO, WCDMP-No. 41, 27- 46.
Tokairin T. , A. Sofyan , T. Kitada , 2010: Effects of land use changes on local meteorological conditions in Jakarta, Indonesia: Toward the evaluation of the thermal environment of mega-cities in Asia. Int. J. Climatol., 30, 1931- 1941.
Wang X. Q. , Z. F. Wang , Y. B. Qi , H. Guo , 2007: Preliminary inspect about the effect of urbanization on precipitation distribution in Beijing area. Climatic Environment Research, 12, 489- 494. (in Chinese)
Wang X. , Z. Wang , Y. Qi , H. Guo , 2009: Influence of urbanization on the winter precipitation distribution in Beijing area. Science in China (D), 52, 250- 256.
Wang Y. , Z. Yan , 2009: Trends in seasonal precipitation over China during 1961-2007. Atmos. Ocean Sci. Lett., 2, 165- 171.
Yan Z. , Z. Li , Q. Li , P. D. Jones , 2010: Effects of site change and urbanization in the Beijing temperature series 1977-2006. Inter. J. Climatol., 30, 1226- 1234, doi: 10.1002/joc.1971.
Yan Z. , J. Xia , C. Qian , W. Zhou , 2011: Changes in seasonal cycle and extremes in China during 1960-2008. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 28, 269- 283, doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-0006-3.
Zhai P. M. , X. B. Zhang , H. Wan , X. H. Pan , 2005: Trends in total precipitation and frequency of daily precipitation extremes over China. J. Climate, 18, 1096- 1108.
Zhang C. L. , F. Chen , S. G. Miao , Q. C. Li , X. A. Xia , C. Y. Xuan , 2009: Impact of Urban expansion and future planting on summer precipitation in the Beijing metropolitan area. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D02116, doi: 10.1029/2008JD010328.
Zhao S. X. , J. H. Sun , H. Chen , L. L. Qi , Y. J. Zhao , A. G. Li , Y. Y. Li , 2002: A study on snowfall in Beijing on 7 December 2001. Climatic and Environmental Research, 7, 7- 21. (in Chinese)
Zheng S. T. , S. H. Liu , 2008: Urbanization effect on climate in Beijing. Climatic and Environmental Research, 13, 123- 133. (in Chinese)
Zhou L. , R. E. Dickinson , Y. Tian , J. Fang , Q. Li , R. K. Kaufmann , C. J. Tucker , R. B. Myneni , 2004: Evidence for a significant urbanization effect on climate in China. Pro. the National Academy Science, 101, 9540- 9544.