Alberto M. C. R., R. Wassmann, T. Hirano, A. Miyata, A. Kumar, A. Padre, and M. Amante, 2009a: CO2/heat fluxes in rice fields: Comparative assessment of flooded and non-flooded fields in the Philippines. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 149( 10), 1737- 1750.
Alberto M. C. R., R. Wassmann, T. Hirano, A. Miyata, R. Hatano, A. Kumar, A. Padre, and M. Amante, 2011: Comparisons of energy balance and evapotranspiration between flooded and aerobic rice fields in the Philippines. Agricultural Water Management, 98( 9), 1417- 1430.
Alton P. B., 2008: Reduced carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems under overcast skies compared to clear skies. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 148( 10), 1641- 1653.
Anthoni P. M., A. Freibauer, O. Kolle, and E.-D. Schulze, 2004: Winter wheat carbon exchange in Thuringia, Germany. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 121( 1-2), 55- 67.
Aubinet M., C. Moureaux, B. Bodson, D. Dufranne, B. Heinesch, M. Suleau, F. Vancutsem, and A. Vilret, 2009: Carbon sequestration by a crop over a 4-year sugar beet/winter wheat/seed potato/winter wheat rotation cycle. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 149( 3-4), 407- 418.
Baldocchi D., 2008: TURNER REVIEW No. 15. `Breathing' of the terrestrial biosphere: Lessons learned from a global network of carbon dioxide flux measurement systems. Australian Journal of Botany, 56( 1), 1- 26.
Baldocchi D., 2014: Measuring fluxes of trace gases and energy between ecosystems and the atmosphere-the state and future of the eddy covariance method. Global Change Biology, 20( 12), 3600- 3609.
Baldocchi, D.,Coauthors, 2001: FLUXNET: A new tool to study the temporal and spatial variability of ecosystem-scale carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy flux densities. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82( 11), 2415- 2434.
Baldocchi D. D., C. A. Vogel, and B. Hall, 1997: Seasonal variation of energy and water vapor exchange rates above and below a boreal jack pine forest canopy. J. Geophys. Res., 102( D24), 28 939- 28 951.
Bao X. Y., X. F. Wen, X. M. Sun, F. H. Zhao, and Y. Y. Wang, 2014: Interannual variation in carbon sequestration depends mainly on the carbon uptake period in two croplands on the North China Plain. PLOS One, 9( 10), e110021. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0110021.
Barman R., A. K. Jain, and M. L. Liang, 2014: Climate-driven uncertainties in modeling terrestrial energy and water fluxes: a site-level to global-scale analysis. Global Change Biology, 20( 6), 1885- 1900.
Bavin T. K., T. J. Griffis, J. M. Baker, and R. T. Venterea, 2009: Impact of reduced tillage and cover cropping on the greenhouse gas budget of a maize/soybean rotation ecosystem. Agriculture, Ecosystem & Environment, 134( 3-4), 234- 242.
Beringer J., L. B. Hutley, J. M. Hacker, B. Neininger, and K. T. Paw U, 2011: Patterns and processes of carbon, water and energy cycles across northern Australian landscapes: From point to region. Agriculture, Ecosystem & Environment, 151( 11), 1409- 1416.
Betts A. K., J. H. Ball, A. C. M. Beljaars, M. J. Miller, and P. A. Viterbo, 1996: The land surface-atmosphere interaction: A review based on observational and global modeling perspectives. J. Geophys. Res., 101( D3), 7209- 7225.
Béziat, P., E. Ceschia, G. Dedieu, 2009: Carbon balance of a three crop succession over two cropland sites in South West France. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 149( 10), 1628- 1645.
Bhattacharyya P., S. Neogi, K. S. Roy, P. K. Dash, R. Tripathi, and K. S. Rao, 2013: Net ecosystem CO2 exchange and carbon cycling in tropical lowland flooded rice ecosystem. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 95( 1), 133- 144.
Chapin III, F. S.,Coauthors, 2006: Reconciling carbon-cycle concepts, terminology, and methods. Ecosystems, 9( 7), 1041- 1050.
Chen Z.,Coauthors, 2013: Temperature and precipitation control of the spatial variation of terrestrial ecosystem carbon exchange in the Asian region. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 182, 266- 276.
Curiel yuste, J., I. A. Janssens, A. Carrara, R. Ceulemans, 2004: Annual Q10 of soil respiration reflects plant phenological patterns as well as temperature sensitivity. Global Change Biology, 10( 2), 161- 169.
Dadson S., M. Acreman, and R. Harding, 2013: Water security, global change and land-atmosphere feedbacks. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical. Physical and Engineering Sciences,371(2002), doi: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0412.
Davidson E. A., L. V. Verchot, J. H. Cattanio, I. L. Ackerman, and J. E. M. Carvalho, 2000: Effects of soil water content on soil respiration in forests and cattle pastures of eastern Amazonia, Biogeochem., 48, 53-69, doi: 10.1023/A:1006204113917.
Dickinson R. E., 1995: Land-atmosphere interaction. Rev. Geophys., 33( S2), 917- 922.
Dufranne D., C. Moureaux, F. Vancutsem, B. Bodson, and M. Aubinet, 2011: Comparison of carbon fluxes, growth and productivity of a winter wheat crop in three contrasting growing seasons. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment, 141( 1-2), 133- 142.
Entekhabi D., 1995: Recent advances in land-atmosphere interaction research.Rev. Geophys., 33( S2), 995- 1003.
Eugster, W.,Coauthors, 2010: Management effects on European cropland respiration. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 139( 3), 346- 362.
Falge, E.,Coauthors, 2001a: Gap filling strategies for defensible annual sums of net ecosystem exchange. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 107( 1), 43- 69.
Falge, E.,Coauthors, 2001b: Gap filling strategies for long term energy flux data sets. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 107( 1), 71- 77.
Falge, E.,Coauthors, 2002: Seasonality of ecosystem respiration and gross primary production as derived from FLUXNET measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 113( 1-4), 53- 74.
FAO, 2007: FAO Statiscal Databases.[Availble online at http://faostat.fao.org/.]
Flanagan L. B., L. A. Wever, and P. J. Carlson, 2002: Seasonal and interannual variation in carbon dioxide exchange and carbon balance in a northern temperate grassland. Global Change Biology, 8( 7), 599- 615.
Freedman J. M., D. R. Fitzjarrald, K. E. Moore, and R. K. Sakai, 2001: Boundary layer clouds and vegetation-atmosphere feedbacks. J.Climate, 14( 2), 180- 197.
Gao Z. Q., L. G. Bian, and X. J. Zhou, 2003: Measurements of turbulent transfer in the near-surface layer over a rice paddy in China. J. Geophys. Res., 108( D13), 4387- 4387.
Garratt J. R., 1994: The Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Cambridge University Press, 315 pp.
Gilmanov T. G., S. B. Verma, P. L. Sims, T. P. Meyers, J. A. Bradford, G. G. Burba, and A. E. Suyker, 2003: Gross primary production and light response parameters of four Southern Plains ecosystems estimated using long-term CO2-flux tower measurements. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 17( 2), 1071- 1088.
Gu L. H., D. Baldocchi, S. B. Verma, T. A. Black, T. Vesala, E. M. Falge, and P. R. Dowty, 2002: Advantages of diffuse radiation for terrestrial ecosystem productivity. J. Geophys. Res., 107(D6), ACL 2-1-ACL 2-23. doi: 10.1029/2001JD001242.
Hollinger, D. Y.,Coauthors, 1998: Forest-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange in eastern Siberia. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 90( 4), 291- 306.
Hollinger S. E., C. J. Bernacchi, and T. P. Meyers, 2005: Carbon budget of mature no-till ecosystem in North Central Region of the United States. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 130( 1-2), 59- 69.
Hossen M., M. Mano, A. Miyata, M. Baten, and T. Hiyama, 2012: Surface energy partitioning and evapotranspiration over a double-cropping paddy field in Bangladesh. Hydrological Processes, 26( 9), 1311- 1320.
IPCC, 2013: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1535 pp.
Kasurinen V.,Coauthors, 2014: Latent heat exchange in the boreal and arctic biomes. Global Change Biology, 20( 11), 3439- 3456.
Knohl A., D. D. Baldocchi, 2008: Effects of diffuse radiation on canopy gas exchange processes in a forest ecosystem.J. Geophys. Res., 113( G2), G02023.
Kueppers L. M., M. A. Snyder, 2012: Influence of irrigated agriculture on diurnal surface energy and water fluxes, surface climate, and atmospheric circulation in California. Climate Dyn., 38( 5-6), 1017- 1029.
Law, B. E.,Coauthors, 2002: Environmental controls over carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange of terrestrial vegetation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 113( 1-4), 97- 120.
Lal R., 2004: Carbon emission from farm operations. Environment international, 30( 7), 981- 990.
Lei H. M., D. W. Yang, 2010a: Interannual and seasonal variability in evapotranspiration
Lei H. M., D. W. Yang, 2010: Seasonal and interannual variations in carbon dioxide exchange over a cropland in the North China Plain. Global Change Biology, 16( 11), 2944- 2957.
Li D., E. Bou-Zeid, 2011: Coherent structures and the dissimilarity of turbulent transport of momentum and scalars in the unstable atmospheric surface layer. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 140( 2), 243- 262.
Li D., E. Bou-Zeid, and H. A. De Bruin, 2012: Monin-obukhov similarity functions for the structure parameters of temperature and humidity. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 145( 1), 45- 67.
Li J.,Coauthors, 2006: Carbon dioxide exchange and the mechanism of environmental control in a farmland ecosystem in North China Plain. Science in China Series (D): Earth Sciences, 49( 2), 226- 240.
Linquist B., K. J. van Groenigen, M. A. Adviento-Borbe, C. Pittelkow, and C. van Kessel, 2012a: An agronomic assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from major cereal crops. Global Change Biology, 18( 1), 194- 209.
Linquist B. A., M. A. Adviento-Borbe, C. M. Pittelkow, C. van Kessel, and van K. J. Groenigen, 2012b: Fertilizer management practices and greenhouse gas emissions from rice systems: A quantitative review and analysis. Field Crops Research, 135, 10- 21.
Liu H. Z., G. Tu, C. B. Fu, and L. Q. Shi, 2008: Three-year variations of water,energy and CO2 fluxes of cropland and degraded grassland surfaces in a semi-arid area of Northeastern China. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 25(6), 1009-1020, doi: 10.1007/ s00376-008-1009-1.
Ma Y.M.,Coauthors, 2003: Remote sensing parameterization of land surface heat fluxes over arid and semi-arid areas. Adv. Atmos. Sci.,20(4), 530-539, doi: 10.1007/BF02915496.
Ma Y. C., X. W. Kong, B. Yang, X. L. Zhang, X. Y. Yan, J. C. Yang, and Z. Q. Xiong, 2013: Net global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity of annual rice-wheat rotations with integrated soil-crop system management. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 164, 209- 219.
Marquardt D. W., 1963: An algorithm for least-squares estimation of nonlinear parameters. Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 11( 2), 431- 441.
Martano P., 2000: Estimation of surface roughness length and displacement height from single-level sonic anemometer data. J. Appl. Meteor., 39( 5), 708- 715.
Maraseni T. N., Cockfield G., Apan A., 2007: A comparison of greenhouse gas emissions from inputs into farm enterprises in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 42, 11- 19.
Massman W. J., X. Lee, 2002: Eddy covariance flux corrections and uncertainties in long-term studies of carbon and energy exchanges. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 113( 1-4), 121- 144.
Mauder M., M. Cuntz, C. Drüe A. Graf, C. Rebmann, H. P. Schmid, M. Schmidt, and R. Steinbrecher, 2013: A strategy for quality and uncertainty assessment of long-term eddy-covariance measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 169, 122- 135.
Moffat A.M.,Coauthors, 2007: Comprehensive comparison of gap-filling techniques for eddy covariance net carbon fluxes. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 147( 3-4), 209- 232.
Moureaux C., A. Debacq, B. Bodson, B. Heinesch, and M. Aubinet, 2006: Annual net ecosystem carbon exchange by a sugar beet crop. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 139( 1-2), 25- 39.
Munger J. W., H. W. Loescher, 2004: Guidelines for making eddy covariance flux measurements. Ameriflux, Oakridge, TM, USA, Retrieved July, 14: 2005.
Moore C. J., 1986: Frequency Response Corrections for Eddy Correlation Systems. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 37, 17- 35.
Osborne B. A., Saunders M. J., Jones M. B., Wattenbach M., Smith P., Walmsley D., 2010: Key questions and uncertainties associated with the assessment of the cropland greenhouse gas balance. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment, 139, 293- 301
Pielke R. A., R. Avissar, M. Raupach, A. J. Dolman, X. B. Zeng, and A. S. Denning, 1998: Interactions between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems: Influence on weather and climate. Global Change Biology, 4( 5), 461- 475.
Reichstein M.,Coauthors, 2005: On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm. Global Change Biology, 11( 9), 1424- 1439.
Richardson A. D., M. Aubinet, A. G. Barr, D. Y. Hollinger, A. Ibrom, G. Lasslop, and M. Reichstein, 2012:
Richardson A. D., T. F. Keenan, M. Migliavacca, Y. Ryu, O. Sonnentag, and M. Toomey, 2013: Climate change, phenology, and phenological control of vegetation feedbacks to the climate system. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 169, 156- 173.
Saito M., A. Miyata, H. Nagai, and T. Yamada, 2005: Seasonal variation of carbon dioxide exchange in rice paddy field in Japan. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 135( 1-4), 93- 109.
Schmidt M., T. G. Reichenau, P. Fiener, and K. Schneider, 2012: The carbon budget of a winter wheat field: An eddy covariance analysis of seasonal and inter-annual variability. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 165, 114- 126.
Smith, P.,Coauthors, 2010: Measurements necessary for assessing the net ecosystem carbon budget of croplands. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 139( 3), 302- 315.
Suyker A. E., S. B. Verma, G. G. Burba, and T. J. Arkebauer, 2005: Gross primary production and ecosystem respiration of irrigated maize and irrigated soybean during a growing season. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 131( 3-4), 180- 190.
Tanaka, H.,Coauthors, 2007: Surface flux and atmospheric boundary layer observations from the LAPS project over the middle stream of the Huaihe River basin in China. Hydrological Processes, 21( 15), 1997- 2008.
Timsina J., D. J. Connor, 2001: Productivity and management of rice-wheat cropping systems: Issues and challenges. Field Crops Research, 69( 2), 93- 132.
Timsina J., U. Singh, M. Badaruddin, C. Meisner, and M. R. Amin, 2001: Cultivar, nitrogen, and water effects on productivity, and nitrogen-use efficiency and balance for rice-wheat sequences of Bangladesh. Field Crops Research, 72( 2), 143- 161.
Tong X. J., P. Meng, J. S. Zhang, J. Li, N. Zheng, and H. Huang, 2012: Ecosystem carbon exchange over a warm-temperate mixed plantation in the lithoid hilly area of the North China. Atmos. Environ., 49, 257- 267.
Tong X., J. Li, Q. Yu, and Z. Lin, 2014: Biophysical controls on light response of net CO2 exchange in a winter wheat field in the North China Plain. PLOS One, 9( 2), e89469.
Verma, S. B.,Coauthors, 2005: Annual carbon dioxide exchange in irrigated and rainfed maize-based agroecosystems. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 131( 1-2), 77- 96.
Wagle P., V. G. Kakani, 2014: Environmental control of daytime net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide in switchgrass. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 186, 170- 177.
Wang J. Y., J. X. Jia, Z. Q. Xiong, M. A. K. Khalil, and G. X. Xing, 2011: Water regime-nitrogen fertilizer-straw incorporation interaction: Field study on nitrous oxide emissions from a rice agroecosystem in Nanjing, China. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 141( 3-4), 437- 446.
Wassmann R., M. S. Aulakh, 2000: The role of rice plants in regulating mechanisms of methane missions. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 31( 1), 20- 29.
Webb E. K., G. I. Pearman, and R. Leuning, 1980: Correction of flux measurements for density effects due to heat and water vapour transfer. Quqrt. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106( 447), 85- 100.
West T. O., G. Marland, 2002: A synthesis of carbon sequestration, carbon emissions, and net carbon flux in agriculture: comparing tillage practices in the United States. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 91( 1), 217- 232.
Xia, Y. L.,Coauthors, 2012: Continental-scale water and energy flux analysis and validation for the North American Land Data Assimilation System project phase 2 (NLDAS-2): 1. Intercomparison and application of model products. J. Geophys. Res.,117(D3), doi: 10.1029/2011JD016048.
Xie B.H.,Coauthors, 2010: Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on CH4 emission from rice fields: multi-site field observations. Plant and Soil, 326( 1-2), 393- 401.
Xu L. K., D. D. Baldocchi, and J. W. Tang, 2004: How soil moisture,rain pulses, and growth alter the response of ecosystem respiration to temperature. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 18(4), GB4002. doi:10.1029/2004GB002281.
Xu Y. F., Y. Huang, and Y. C. Li, 2012: Summary of recent climate change studies on the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the terrestrial ecosystem and ocean in China. Adv. Atmos. Sci.,29(5), 1027-1047, doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1206-9.
Yao Z. S., X. H. Zheng, R. Wang, B. H. Xie, K. Butterbach-Bahl, and J. G. Zhu, 2013: Nitrous oxide and methane fluxes from a rice-wheat crop rotation under wheat residue incorporation and no-tillage practices. Atmos. Environ., 79, 641- 649.
Yu, G.-R.,Coauthors, 2013: Spatial patterns and climate drivers of carbon fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems of China. Global Change Biology, 19( 3), 798- 810.
Zhang Q., H.-M. Lei, and D.-W. Yang, 2013: Seasonal variations in soil respiration, heterotrophic respiration and autotrophic respiration of a wheat and maize rotation cropland in the North China Plain. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 180, 34- 43.