Argüeso, D., J. M. Hidalgo-Muñoz, S. R. Gámiz-Fortis, M. J. Esteban-Parra, J. Dudhia, Y. Castro-Díez, 2011: Evaluation of WRF parameterizations for climate studies over Southern Spain using a multistep regionalization. J. Climate, 24, 5633-5651, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00073.1
Awan N. K.,H. Truhetz, and A. Gobiet, 2011: Parameterization-Induced error characteristics of MM5 and WRF operated in climate mode over the Alpine Region: An ensemble-based analysis. J. Climate, 24, 3107-3123, https://doi.org/10.1175/2011JCLI3674.1
Chen F.,J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an advanced land surface-hydrology model with the Penn State-NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: Model implementation and sensitivity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 569, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(2001)129<0569:CAALSH>2.0.CO;2
Chou M. D.,M. J. Suarez, 1999: A solar radiation parameterization for atmospheric studies. NASA Tech. Rep. NASA/TM-1999-10460, 15, NASA Goddard Space Flight Cent., Greenbelt. Md, 38 pp.
Dai A. G.,K. E. Trenberth, and T. T. Qian, 2004: A global dataset of Palmer Drought Severity Index for 1870-2002: Relationship with soil moisture and effects of surface warming. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 5, 1117-1130, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-386.1
Dickinson R. E.,A. Henderson-Sellers, and P. J. Kennedy, 1993: Biosphere-atmosphere transfer scheme (bats) version 1E as coupled to the NCAR community climate model. NCAR Technical Note NCAR/TN-387+STR, https://doi.org/10.5065/D67W6959
Easterling D. R.,J. L. Evans, P. Y. Groisman, T. R. Karl, K. E. Kunkel, and P. Ambenje, 2000: Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 417, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2000)081<0417:OVATIE>2.3.CO;2
Emanuel K. A.,M. Živković-Rothman, 1999: Development and evaluation of a convection scheme for use in climate models. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1766, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<1766:DAEOAC>2.0.CO;2
Feng J. M.,Y. L. Wang, and Z. G. Ma, 2015: Long-term simulation of large-scale urbanization effect on the East Asian monsoon. Climatic Change, 129, 511-523, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0885-2
Frich P.,L. V. Alexand er, P. Della-Marta B. Gleason, M. Haylock, A. M. G. Klein Tank, and T. Peterson, 2002: Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century. Climate Research, 19, 193-212, https://doi.org/10.3354/cr019193
Gao X. J.,Z. C. Zhao, and F. Giorgi, 2002: Changes of extreme events in regional climate simulations over East Asia. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 19(5), 927-942, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-002-0056-2
Gao X. J.,Y. Shi, Z. Y. Han, M. L. Wang, J. Wu, D. F. Zhang, Y. Xu, and F. Giorgi, 2017: Performance of RegCM4 over major river basins in China. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 34(4), 441-455, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-016-6179-7
Giorgi F.,M. R. Marinucci, G. Bates, and G. DeCanio, 1993: Development of a second generation regional climate model (RegCM2). II. Convective processes and assimilation of lateral boundary conditions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2814, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<2814:DOASGR>2.0.CO;2
Giorgi F.,C. Jones, and G. R. Asrar, 2009: Addressing climate information needs at the regional level: The CORDEX framework. WMO Bulletin, 58, 175- 183.576b936237ee84ec41304b90d00c3a7chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.cabdirect.org%2Fabstracts%2F20093263042.htmlhttp://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20093263042.html[Excerpt: Summary and conclusions] In this article, we present a new framework for regional climate modelling and downscaling, called CORDEX, with the two-fold aim of developing a coordinated framework for evaluating and improving RCD techniques and producing a new generation of RCD-based fine-scale climate projections for identified regions worldwide. We envision that CORDEX will provide a framework for better coordination of RCD-related research and modelling activities within the regional climate modelling and downscaling communities. Past experience has shown that projects such as AMIP and...
Giorgi, F, Coauthors, 2012: RegCM4: Model description and preliminary tests over multiple CORDEX domains. Climate Research, 52, 7-29, https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01018
Girogi F.,W. G. Gutowski, 2015: Regional dynamical downscaling and the CORDEX initiative. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 40, 467-490, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-102014-021217
Guo D. L.,E. T. Yu, and H. J. Wang, 2016: Will the Tibetan Plateau warming depend on elevation in the future? J. Geophys. Res., 121, 3639-3978, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD024871
Han J.,H. L. Pan, 2011: Revision of convection and vertical diffusion schemes in the NCEP Global Forecast System. Wea. Forecasting, 2, 520-533, https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-10-05038.1
Hersbach H. C.,C. Peubey, A. Simmons, P. Berrisford, P, Poli, and D. Dee, 2015: ERA-20CM: A twentieth-century atmospheric model ensemble. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 141, 2350-2375, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2528
Holtslag A. A. M., de Bruijn, E. I. F., adn H. L. Pan, 1990: A high resolution air mass transformation model for short-range weather forecasting. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1561, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1990)118<1561:AHRAMT>2.0.CO;2
Hong S. Y.,J. O. J. Lim, 2006: The WRF single-moment 6-class microphysics scheme (WSM6). Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society, 42, 129- 151.
Hong Y.,M. G. Donat, L. V. Alexand er, and Y. Sun, 2015: Multi-dataset comparison of gridded observed temperature and precipitation extremes over China. International Journal of Climatology, 35, 2809-2827, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4174
Hui P. H.,J. P. Tang, S. Y. Wang, X. R. Niu, P. S. Zong, and X. N. Dong, 2018: Climate change projections over China using regional climate models forced by two CMIP5 global models. Part I: Evaluation of historical simulations. International Journal of Climatology, 38, e57-e77, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5351
IPCC, 2012: Managing the risks of extreme events and disasters to advance climate change adaptation. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, C. B. Field, et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 582 pp.
IPCC, 2013: Climate change 2013: The physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, T. F. Stocker, et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kindom and New York, NY, USA, 1535 pp.
Jacob, D., Coauthors, 2014: EURO-CORDEX: New high-resolution climate change projections for European impact research. Regional Environmental Change, 14, 563-578, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-013-0499-2
Ji Z. M.,S. C. Kang, 2015: Evaluation of extreme climate events using a regional climate model for China. International Journal of Climatology, 35, 888-902, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4024
Karl T. R.,N. Nicholls, and A. Ghazi, 1999: Clivar/GCOS/WMO workshop on indices and indicators for climate extremes workshop summary. Climate Change, 42, 3-7, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005491526870
Kiehl J. T.,J. J. Hack, G. B. Bonan, B. A. Boville, B. P. Briegleb, D. L. Williamson, and P. J. Rasch, 1996: Description of the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM3). NCAR Technical Note, NCAR/TN-420+STR, https://doi.org/10.5065/D6FF3Q99
Liang, X. Z.,Coauthors, 2018: CWRF performance at downscaling China climate characteristics. Climate Dyn.,https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4257-5
Liu B. H.,M. Henderson, and M. Xu, 2008: Spatiotemporal change in China's frost days and frost-free season, 1955-2000. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D12104, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009259
Liu X. D.,B. D. Chen, 2000: Climatic warming in the Tibetan Plateau during recent decades. International Journal of Climatology, 20, 1729-1742, https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0088(20001130)20:14<1729::AID-JOC556>3.0.CO;2-Y
Mass C. F.,D. Ovens, K. Westrick, and B. A. Colle, 2002: Does increasing horizontal resolution produce more skillful forecasts: The results of two years of real-time numerical weather prediction over the Pacific Northwest. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83, 407, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2002)083<0407:DIHRPM>2.3.CO;2
Niu, X. R.,Coauthors, 2018: Ensemble evaluation and projection of climate extremes in China using RMIP models. International Journal of Climatology, 38, 2039-2055, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5315
Pal J. S.,E. Small, and E. A. B. Eltahir, 2000: Simulation of regional-scale water and energy budgets: Representation of subgrid cloud and precipitation processes within RegCM. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 29 579-29 594, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900415
Park。 C., Coauthors, 2016: Evaluation of multiple regional climate models for summer climate extremes over East Asia. Climate Dyn., 46, 2469-2486, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2713-z
Pepin N., Coauthors, 2015: Elevation-dependent warming in mountain regions of the world. Nature Climate Change, 5, 424-430, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2563
Qian Y.,L. R. Leung, 2007: A long-term regional simulation and observations of the hydroclimate in China. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D14104, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008134
Skamarock, W. C.,Coauthors, 2008: A description of the advanced research WRF version 3. NCAR Technical Note, NCAR/TN-475+STR, https://doi.org/10.5065/D68S4MVH
Sukoriansky S.,B. Galperin, and V. Perov, 2006: A quasi-normal scale elimination model of turbulence and its application to stably stratified flows. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 13, 9-22, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-13-9-2006
Taylor K. E.,2001: Summarizing multiple aspects of model performance in a single diagram. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7183-7192, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900719
Tiedtke M.,1989: A comprehensive mass flux scheme for cumulus parameterization in large-scale models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1779, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1989)117<1779:ACMFSF>2.0.CO;2
Toreti A., Coauthors, 2013: Projections of global changes in precipitation extremes from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models. Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 4887-4892, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50940
Wang A. H.,J. J. Fu, 2013: Changes in daily climate extremes of observed temperature and precipitation in China. Atmos. Oceanic Sci. Lett., 6, 312-319, https://doi.org/10.1080/16742834.2013.11447100
Wang, S. Y.,Coauthors, 2015: Regional integrated environmental modeling system: Development and application. Climate Change, 129, 499-510, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-0973-3
Wang Z. Y.,S. Yang, Z. J. Ke, and X. W. Jiang, 2014: Large-scale atmospheric and oceanic conditions for extensive and persistent icing events in China. J. Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 53, 2698-2709, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0062.1
Wigley T. M. L.,1985: Climatology: Impact of extreme events. Nature, 316, 106-107, https://doi.org/10.1038/316106a0
Wu J.,X. J. Gao, 2013: A gridded daily observation dataset over China region and comparison with the other datasets. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 56, 1102-1111, https://doi.org/10.6038/cjg20130406
Xu, J. W.,Coauthors, 2018: On the role of horizontal resolution over the Tibetan Plateau in the REMO regional climate model. Climate Dyn., 51, 4525-4542, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4085-7
Yu E. T.,J. Q. Sun, H. P. Chen, and W. L. Xiang, 2015: Evaluation of a high-resolution historical simulation over China: Climatology and extremes. Climate Dyn., 45, 2013-2031, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2452-6
Zeng X. B.,A. Beljaars, 2005: A prognostic scheme of sea surface skin temperature for modeling and data assimilation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L14605, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL023030
Zeng X. B.,M. Zhao, and R. E. Dickinson, 1998: Intercomparison of bulk aerodynamic algorithms for the computation of sea surface fluxes using TOGA COARE and TAO data. J. Climate, 11, 2628-2644, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011<2628:IOBAAF>2.0.CO;2
Zhai P. M.,X. B. Zhang, H. Wan, and X. H. Pan, 2005: Trends in total precipitation and frequency of daily precipitation extremes over China. J. Climate, 18, 1096-1108, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-3318.1
Zhang Y. X., V. Dulière, P. W. Mote, and E. P. Jr. Salathé, 2009: Evaluation of WRF and HadRM mesoscale climate simulations over the U.S. Pacific Northwest. J. Climate, 22, 5511-5526, https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JCLI2875.1
Zwiers W. F.,X. B. Zhang, and F. Yang, 2011: Anthropogenic influence on long return period daily temperature extremes at regional scales. J. Climate, 24, 881-892, https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3908.1