doi:10.1007/s00376-019-8241-8

Ambrose S. H.,1998: Late Pleistocene human population bottlenecks, volcanic winter, and differentiation of modern humans. Journal of Human Evolution, 34, 623-651, .https://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.1998.0219

Ansmann A.,I. Mattis, U. Wand inger, F. Wagner, J. Reichardt, and T. Deshler, 1997: Evolution of the Pinatubo aerosol: Raman lidar observations of particle optical depth, effective radius, mass, and surface area over Central Europe at 53.4^°N. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2630-2641, .https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1997)054<2630:EOTPAR>2.0.CO;2

Aquila V.,L. D. Oman, R. Stolarski, A. R. Douglass, and P. A. Newman, 2013: The response of ozone and nitrogen dioxide to the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo at southern and northern midlatitudes. J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 894-900, .https://doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-12-0143.1

Baldwin, M. P.,Coauthors, 2001: The quasi-biennial oscillation. Rev. Geophys., 39, 179-229, .https://doi.org/10.1029/1999rg000073

Bekki S.,1995: Oxidation of volcanic SO₂: A sink for stratospheric OH and H₂O. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 913-916, .https://doi.org/10.1029/95gl00534

Betts A. K.,1986: A new convective adjustment scheme. Part I: Observational and theoretical basis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112, 677-691, .https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49711247307

Bluth G. J. S.,S. D. Doiron, C. C. Schnetzler, A. J. Krueger, and L. S. Walter, 1992: Global tracking of the SO₂ clouds from the June, 1991 Mount-Pinatubo eruptions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 151-154, .https://doi.org/10.1029/91gl02792

Bobrowski N.,G. Hönninger B. Galle, and U. Platt, 2003: Detection of bromine monoxide in a volcanic plume. Nature, 423, 273-276, .https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01625

Cadoux A.,B. Scaillet, S. Bekki, C. Oppenheimer, and T. H. Druitt, 2015: Stratospheric ozone destruction by the Bronze-Age Minoan eruption (Santorini Volcano, Greece). Scientific Reports, 5, 12243, .https://doi.org/10.1038/srep12243

Cagnazzo, C., Coauthors, 2009: Northern winter stratospheric temperature and ozone responses to ENSO inferred from an ensemble of chemistry climate models. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9, 8935-8948, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8935-2009

Carslaw K. S.,B. P. Luo, S. L. Clegg, T. Peter, P. Brimblecombe, and P. J. Crutzen, 1994: Stratospheric aerosol growth and HNO₃ gas-phase depletion from coupled HNO₃ and water uptake by liquid particles. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2479-2482, .https://doi.org/10.1029/94GL02799

Chen W.,T. Li, 2007: Modulation of northern hemisphere wintertime stationary planetary wave activity: East Asian climate relationships by the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D20120, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jd008611

Chen W.,K. Wei, 2009: Interannual variability of the winter stratospheric polar vortex in the northern hemisphere and their relations to QBO and ENSO. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 26(5), 855-863, .https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-009-8168-6

Coffey M. T.,1996: Observations of the impact of volcanic activity on stratospheric chemistry. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 6767-6780, .https://doi.org/10.1029/95jd03763

Crutzen P. J.,F. Arnold, 1986: Nitric acid cloud formation in the cold antarctic stratosphere: A major cause for the springtime "ozone hole". Nature, 324, 651-655, .https://doi.org/10.1038/324651a0

Dee D. P.,S. Uppala, 2009: Variational bias correction of satellite radiance data in the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 135, 1830-1841, .https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.493

Delwiche C. F.,2005: Voyage to the bottom of the tree. Science, 307, 676-677, .https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1105582

Dvortsov V. L.,S. G. Zvenigorodsky, and S. P. Smyslaev, 1992: On the use of isaksen-luther method of computing photodissociation rates in photochemical models. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7593-7601, .https://doi.org/10.1029/91JD02861

Engel A., H. Bönisch, J. Ostermöller, M. P. Chipperfield, S. Dhomse, and P. Jöckel, 2018: A refined method for calculating equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18, 601-619, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-601-2018

Fahey, D. W.,Coauthors, 1993: In situ measurements constraining the role of sulphate aerosols in mid-latitude ozone depletion. Nature, 363, 509- 514.10.1038/363509a0

98690d7b49672754faf9f72558caa032

http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Fdoifinder%2F10.1038%2F363509a0

Farman J. C.,B. G. Gardiner, and J. D. Shanklin, 1985: Large losses of total ozone in antarctica reveal seasonal CLO_x/NO_x interaction. Nature, 315, 207-210, .https://doi.org/10.1038/315207a0

Free M.,J. K. Angell, 2002: Effect of volcanoes on the vertical temperature profile in radiosonde data. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4101, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jd001128

Free M.,J. Lanzante, 2009: Effect of volcanic eruptions on the vertical temperature profile in radiosonde data and climate models. J. Climate, 22, 2925-2939, .https://doi.org/10.1175/2008jcli2562.1

Galin V. Y.,S. P. Smyshlyaev, and E. M. Volodin, 2007: Combined chemistry-climate model of the atmosphere. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 43, 399-412, .https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433807040020

Graf H.-F.,D. Zanchettin, C. Timmreck, and M. Bittner, 2014: Observational constraints on the tropospheric and near-surface winter signature of the northern hemisphere stratospheric polar vortex. Climate Dyn., 43, 3245-3266, .https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2101-0

Hamilton K.,1993: An examination of observed southern oscillation effects in the northern hemisphere stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3468-3474, .https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1993)050<3468:AEOOSO>2.0.CO;2

Hansen J.,M. Sato, G. Russell, and P. Kharecha, 2013: Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide. Philosophical Transactions of the Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 371, 20120294, .https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0294

Hanson D. R.,A. R. Ravishankara, 1993: Reaction of ClONO₂ with HCl on NAT, NAD, and frozen sulfuric-acid and hydrolysis of N₂O₅ and ClONO₂ on frozen sulfuric-acid. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 22 931-22 936, .https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd01929

Hines C. O.,1997: Doppler-spread parameterization of gravity-wave momentum deposition in the middle atmosphere. Part 1: Basic formulation. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 59, 371-386, .https://doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6826(96)00079-X

Hoffmann L.,T. Rößler S. Griessbach, Y. Heng, and O. Stein, 2016: Lagrangian transport simulations of volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions: Impact of meteorological data products. J. Geophys. Res., 121, 4651-4673, .https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023749

Hofmann, D. J.,Coauthors, 1994: Ozone loss in the lower stratosphere over the United-States in 1992-1993: Evidence for heterogeneous chemistry on the pinatubo aerosol. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 65-68, .https://doi.org/10.1029/93gl02526

Holton J. R.,H. C. Tan, 1980: The influence of the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation on the global circulation at 50 mb. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2200-2208, .https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1980)037<2200:TIOTEQ>2.0.CO;2

Hunton, D. E.,Coauthors, 2005: In-situ aircraft observations of the 2000 Mt. Hekla volcanic cloud: Composition and chemical evolution in the Arctic lower stratosphere. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 145, 23-34, .https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.01.005

Joshi M. M.,G. S. Jones, 2009: The climatic effects of the direct injection of water vapour into the stratosphere by large volcanic eruptions. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9, 6109-6118, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-6109-2009

Jouzel, J., Coauthors, 2007: Orbital and millennial Antarctic climate variability over the past 800, 000 years.Science, 317, 793-796, .https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1141038

Klobas J. E.,D. M. Wilmouth, D. K. Weisenstein, J. G. Anderson, and R. J. Salawitch, 2017: Ozone depletion following future volcanic eruptions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 7490-7499, .https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073972

Kremser, S., Coauthors, 2016: Stratospheric aerosol-observations, processes, and impact on climate. Rev. Geophys., 54, 278-335, .https://doi.org/10.1002/2015rg000511

Kutterolf S.,T. H. Hansteen, K. Appel, A. Freundt, K. Krüger W. Pérez, and H. Wehrmann, 2013: Combined bromine and chlorine release from large explosive volcanic eruptions: A threat to stratospheric ozone? Geology, 41, 707-710, .https://doi.org/10.1130/g34044.1

Lanzante J. R.,2007: Diagnosis of radiosonde vertical temperature trend profiles: Comparing the influence of data homogenization versus model forcings. J. Climate, 20, 5356-5364, .https://doi.org/10.1175/2007jcli1827.1

Lean J. L.,D. H. Rind, 2009: How will Earth's surface temperature change in future decades? Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L15708, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2009gl038932

LeGrand e, A. N., K. Tsigaridis, S. E. Bauer, 2016: Role of atmospheric chemistry in the climate impacts of stratospheric volcanic injections. Nature Geoscience, 9, 652-655, .https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2771

Legras B.,B. Joseph, and F. Lefèvre, 2003: Vertical diffusivity in the lower stratosphere from Lagrangian back-trajectory reconstructions of ozone profiles. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4562, .https://doi.org/Artn456210.1029/2002jd003045

Legras B.,I. Pisso, G. Berthet, and F. Lefèvre, 2005: Variability of the Lagrangian turbulent diffusion in the lower stratosphere. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 5, 1605-1622, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-1605-2005

Lisiecki L. E.,M. E. Raymo, 2005: A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic delta $\delta$¹⁸O records. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 20, PA1003, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2004pa001071

Lurton T.,F. Jégou G. Berthet, J. B. Renard, L. Clarisse, A. Schmidt, C. Brogniez, and T. J. Roberts, 2018: Model simulations of the chemical and aerosol microphysical evolution of the Sarychev Peak 2009 eruption cloud compared to in situ and satellite observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18, 3223-3247, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3223-2018

Marshall, L., Coauthors, 2018: Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18, 2307-2328, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2307-2018

Mather T. A.,2015: Volcanoes and the environment: Lessons for understanding Earth's past and future from studies of present-day volcanic emissions. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 304, 160-179, .https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.08.016

McCormick M. P.,L. W. Thomason, and C. R. Trepte, 1995: Atmospheric effects of the Mt Pinatubo eruption. Nature, 373, 399-404, .https://doi.org/10.1038/373399a0

McGee T. J.,P. Newman, M. Gross, U. Singh, S. Godin, A. M. Lacoste, and G. Megie, 1994: Correlation of ozone loss with the presence of volcanic aerosols. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2801-2804, .https://doi.org/10.1029/94gl02350

Muthers S.,F. Arfeuille, C. C. Raible, and E. Rozanov, 2015: The impacts of volcanic aerosol on stratospheric ozone and the northern hemisphere polar vortex: Separating radiative-dynamical changes from direct effects due to enhanced aerosol heterogeneous chemistry. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15, 11 461-11 476, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11461-2015

Oppenheimer C.,2002: Limited global change due to the largest known Quaternary eruption, Toba ≈74 kyr BP? Quaternary Science Reviews, 21, 1593-1609, .https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(01)00154-8

Oppenheimer, C., Coauthors, 2010: Atmospheric chemistry of an Antarctic volcanic plume. J. Geophys. Res., 115, D04303, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2009jd011910

Palmer T. N.,G. J. Shutts, and R. Swinbank, 1986: Alleviation of a systematic westerly bias in general circulation and numerical weather prediction models through an orographic gravity wave drag parametrization. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 112, 1001-1039, .https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49711247406

Peter T.,1997: Microphysics and heterogeneous chemistry of polar stratospheric clouds. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 48, 785-822, .https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.48.1.785

Petraglia M. D.,R. Korisettar, and J. N. Pal, 2012: The Toba volcanic super-eruption of 74, 000 years ago: Climate change, environments, and evolving humans.Quaternary International, 258, 1-4, .https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.12.001

Pisso I.,E. Real, K. S. Law, B. Legras, N. Bousserez, J. L. Attié, and H. Schlager, 2009: Estimation of mixing in the troposphere from Lagrangian trace gas reconstructions during long-range pollution plume transport. J. Geophys. Res., 114, 12882, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd011289

Poberaj C. S.,J. Staehelin, and D. Brunner, 2011: Missing stratospheric ozone decrease at southern hemisphere middle latitudes after Mt. Pinatubo: A dynamical perspective. J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 1922-1945, .https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-10-05004.1

Rampino M. R.,2002: Supereruptions as a threat to civilizations on earth-like planets. Icarus, 156, 562-569, .https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2001.6808

Rampino M. R.,S. Self, 1992: Volcanic winter and accelerated glaciation following the Toba super-eruption. Nature, 359, 50-52, .https://doi.org/10.1038/359050a0

Rand el, W. J., F. Wu, J. M. Russell III, J. W. Waters, L. Froidevaux, 1995: Ozone and temperature-changes in the stratosphere following the eruption of Mount-Pinatubo. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16 753-16 764, .https://doi.org/10.1029/95jd01001

Rand el, W. J., A. K. Smith, F. Wu, C.-Z. Zou, H. F. Qian, 2016: Stratospheric temperature trends over 1979-2015 derived from combined SSU, MLS, and SABER satellite observations. J. Climate, 29, 4843-4859, .https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0629.1

Ren R.-C.,M. Cai, C. Y. Xiang, and G. X. Wu, 2012: Observational evidence of the delayed response of stratospheric polar vortex variability to ENSO SST anomalies. Climate Dyn., 38, 1345-1358, .https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1137-7

Robock A.,2000: Volcanic eruptions and climate. Rev. Geophys., 38, 191-219, .https://doi.org/10.1029/1998rg000054

Robock A.,C. M. Ammann, L. Oman, D. Shindell, S. Levis, and G. Stenchikov, 2009: Did the Toba volcanic eruption of ~74 ka B. P. produce widespread glaciation? J. Geophys. Res., 114, D10107, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd011652

Roscoe H. K.,2001: The risk of large volcanic eruptions and the impact of this risk on future ozone depletion. Natural Hazards, 23, 231-246, .https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011178016473

Rosi M., M. Paladio-Melosantos, A. Di Muro, R. Leoni, and T. Bacolcol, 2001: Fall vs flow activity during the 1991 climactic eruption of Pinatubo Volcano (Philippines). Bulletin of Volcanology, 62, 549-566, .https://doi.org/10.1007/s004450000118

Rößler, T., O. Stein, Y. Heng, P. Baumeister, L. Hoffmann, 2018: Trajectory errors of different numerical integration schemes diagnosed with the MPTRAC advection module driven by ECMWF operational analyses. Geoscientific Model Development, 11, 575-592, .https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-575-2018

Sand er, S. P.,Coauthors, 2003: Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in atmospheric studies. Evaluation Number 14. JPL Publication 02-25, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. [Available online from .http://www.iup.uni-bremen.de/\simbms/lectures/JPL_02-25_rev02.pdf

Santer, B. D.,Coauthors, 2001: Accounting for the effects of volcanoes and ENSO in comparisons of modeled and observed temperature trends. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 28 033-28 059, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2000jd000189

Schmidt, A., Coauthors, 2016: Selective environmental stress from sulphur emitted by continental flood basalt eruptions. Nature Geoscience, 9, 77-82, .https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2588

Schoeberl M. R.,D. L. Hartmann, 1991: The dynamics of the stratospheric polar vortex and its relation to springtime ozone depletions. Science, 251, 46-52, .https://doi.org/10.1126/science.251.4989.46

Smyshlyaev S. P.,V. L. Dvortsov, M. A. Geller, and V. A. Yudin, 1998: A two-dimensional model with input parameters from a general circulation model: Ozone sensitivity to different formulations for the longitudinal temperature variation. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 28 373-28 387, .https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD02354

Smyshlyaev S. P.,V. Y. Galin, G. Shaariibuu, and M. A. Motsakov. 2010: Modeling the variability of gas and aerosol components in the stratosphere of polar regions. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 46, 265-280, .http://doi.org/10.1134/s0001433810030011

Solomon S.,1999: Stratospheric ozone depletion: A review of concepts and history. Rev. Geophys., 37, 275-316, .https://doi.org/10.1029/1999rg900008

Solomon S.,D. Kinnison, J. Band oro, and R. Garcia, 2015: Simulation of polar ozone depletion: An update. J. Geophys. Res., 120, 7958-7974, .https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023365

Solomon S.,D. J. Ivy, D. Kinnison, M. J. Mills, R. R. Neely III, and A. Schmidt, 2016: Emergence of healing in the Antarctic ozone layer. Science, 353, 269-274, .https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aae0061

Son S.-W.,Y. Lim, C. Yoo, H. H. Hendon, and J. Kim, 2017: Stratospheric control of the Madden-Julian Oscillation. J. Climate, 30, 1909-1922, .https://doi.org/10.1175/Jcli-D-16-0620.1

SPARC, 2013: SPARC report on the lifetimes of stratospheric ozone-depleting substances, their replacements, and related species. SPARC Report No. 6, WCRP-15/2013.01831ebb2dfd33d77b95506f9b03781c

http%3A%2F%2Fadsabs.harvard.edu%2Fabs%2F2013AGUFM.A23F0354N

Stenchikov G.,K. Hamilton, R. J. Stouffer, A. Robock, V. Ramaswamy, B. Santer, and H.-F. Graf, 2006: Arctic Oscillation response to volcanic eruptions in the IPCC AR4 climate models. J. Geophys. Res., 111, D07107, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jd006286

Stohl A.,C. Forster, A. Frank, P. Seibert, and G. Wotawa, 2005: Technical note: The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART version 6.2. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 5, 2461-2474, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-2461-2005

Tabazadeh A.,R. P. Turco, 1993: Stratospheric chlorine injection by volcanic eruptions: HCI scavenging and implications for ozone. Science, 260, 1082-1086, .https://doi.org/10.1126/science.260.5111.1082

Tabazadeh A.,K. Drdla, M. R. Schoeberl, P. Hamill, and O. B. Toon, 2002: Arctic "ozone hole" in a cold volcanic stratosphere. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99, 2609-2612, .https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.052518199

Telford P.,P. Braesicke, O. Morgenstern, and J. Pyle, 2009: Reassessment of causes of ozone column variability following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo using a nudged CCM. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9, 4251-4260, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-4251-2009

Vidal C. M.,N. Métrich J.-C. Komorowski, I. Pratomo, A. Michel, N. Kartadinata, V. Robert, and F. Lavigne, 2016: The 1257 Samalas eruption (Lombok, Indonesia): The single greatest stratospheric gas release of the Common Era. Scientific Reports, 6, 34868, .https://doi.org/10.1038/srep34868

von Glasow, R., N. Bobrowski, C. Kern, 2009: The effects of volcanic eruptions on atmospheric chemistry. Chemical Geology, 263, 131-142, .https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.08.020

Wei K.,W. Chen, and R. H. Huang, 2007: Association of tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures with the stratospheric Holton-Tan Oscillation in the northern hemisphere winter. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L16814, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030478

Williams M.,2012: Did the 73 ka Toba super-eruption have an enduring effect? Insights from genetics, prehistoric archaeology, pollen analysis, stable isotope geochemistry, geomorphology, ice cores, and climate models. Quaternary International, 269, 87-93, .https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.03.045

World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2007: Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: Global ozone research and monitoring project. Report No. 50, Geneva, Switzerland, 572 pp.

World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2014: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 2014. World Meteorological Organization, Global Ozone Research And Monitoring Project, Report No. 55, Geneva, Switzerland, 416 pp.62532aecb6f24193caef87e55b56b0a3

http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in%2Freports-documents%2Fscientific-assessment-ozone-depletion-2014

World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2018: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 2018. World Meteorological Organization, Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project, Report No. 58, Geneva, Switzerland, 588 pp.695d2bf01defe50667bb45dac4d5b912

http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cabdirect.org%2Fabstracts%2F20113082496.html

Wu S. N.,S. T. Chen, and F. C. Duan, 2012: The relation between the 72 ka BP Event and the toba super-eruption. Advance in Earth Science, 27, 35-41, .https://doi.org/10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2012.01.0035

Wu X.,S. Griessbach, and L. Hoffmann, 2017: Equatorward dispersion of a high-latitude volcanic plume and its relation to the Asian summer monsoon: A case study of the Sarychev eruption in 2009. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17, 13 439-13 455, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13439-2017

Wu X.,S. Griessbach, and L. Hoffmann, 2018: Long-range transport of volcanic aerosol from the 2010 Merapi tropical eruption to Antarctica. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18, 15 859-15 877, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15859-2018

Wyser K.,1998: The effective radius in large-scale models: Impact of aerosols and coalescence. Atmospheric Research, 49, 213-234, .https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8095(98)00081-7

Xie F.,J. Li, W. Tian, J. Feng, and Y. Huo, 2012: Signals of El Niño Modoki in the tropical tropopause layer and stratosphere. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12, 5259-5273, .https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-5259-2012

Xie F.,J. P. Li, W. S. Tian, J. K. Zhang, and C. Sun, 2014: The relative impacts of El Niño Modoki, canonical El Niño, and QBO on tropical ozone changes since the 1980s. Environmental Research Letters, 9, 064020, .https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/6/064020

Xie F.,X. Zhou, J. P. Li, C. Sun, J. Feng, and X. Ma, 2018: The key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Environmental Research Letters, 13, 114007, .https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b

Yu J.-Y.,H.-Y. Kao, T. Lee, and S. T. Kim, 2011: Subsurface ocean temperature indices for Central-Pacific and Eastern-Pacific types of El Niño and La Niña events. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 103, 337-344, .https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-010-0307-6

Zhu, Y. Q.,Coauthors, 2018: Stratospheric aerosols, polar stratospheric clouds, and polar ozone depletion after the Mount Calbuco eruption in 2015. J. Geophys. Res., 123, 12 308-12 331, .https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd028974