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Volume 5 Issue 3

Jul.  1988

Article Contents

TROPICAL GRAVITY-ATMOSPHERIC LONG WAVE AND THE WALKER CIRCULATION


doi: 10.1007/BF02656751

  • Orders of magnitude of terms related to earth’s rotation in linearized vorticity and divergence equations governing tropical large-scale motion are analysed. It is discovered that βyD and βyξ are smaller by one order than βv and βu respectively and then may be neglected. On this basis, tropical wave motions are discussed. It is found that there exists a kind of gravity-atmospheiic long waves which is non-vorticit atmospheric long wave, whereas the Kelvin wave is essentially the gravity-atmospheric long wave with its velocity being much lower than that of gravity. Computation shows that there also exists a kind of large-scale slow waves whose moving speed is lower by one order of magnitude than that of Kelvin wave. Such slow wave is likely to be the Walker Circulation.
  • [1] Jiapeng MIAO, Tao WANG, Huijun WANG, Jianqi SUN, 2018: Interannual Weakening of the Tropical Pacific Walker Circulation Due to Strong Tropical Volcanism, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 645-658.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-7134-y
    [2] Yuan Zhuojian, Jian Maoqiu, 2001: Diagnostic Equations for the Walker Circulation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 166-178.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-001-0011-7
    [3] Buwen DONG, LU Riyu, 2013: Interdecadal Enhancement of the Walker Circulation over the Tropical Pacific in the Late 1990s, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 247-262.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2069-9
    [4] Huang Ronghui, 1994: Interactions between the 30-60 Day Oscillation, the Walker Circulation and the Convective Activities in the Tropical Western Pacific and Their Relations to the Interannual Oscillation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 11, 367-384.  doi: 10.1007/BF02658156
    [5] ZHANG Lifeng, WANG Xingbao, ZHANG Ming, 2003: Spatial and Time Structure of a Gravity Wave in Horizontal Atmosphere of Heterogeneous Stratification, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 29-36.  doi: 10.1007/BF03342047
    [6] Li Guoping, Lu Jinghua, 1996: Some Possible Solutions of Nonlinear Internal Inertial Gravity Wave Equations in the Atmosphere, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 13, 244-252.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656866
    [7] Zhu Xun, 1987: ON GRAVITY WAVE-MEAN FLOW INTERACTIONS IN A THREE DIMENSIONAL STRATIFIED ATMOSPHERE, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 4, 287-299.  doi: 10.1007/BF02663599
    [8] He Jianzhong, 1994: Nonlinear Ultra-Long Wave and Its Stability, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 11, 91-100.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656998
    [9] Wu Aiming, Ni Yunqi, 1997: The Influence of Tibetan Plateau on the Interannual Variability of Atmospheric Circulation over Tropical Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 14, 69-80.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-997-0045-6
    [10] Tim LI, ZHANG Lei, Hiroyuki MURAKAMI, 2015: Strengthening of the Walker Circulation under Global Warming in an Aqua-Planet General Circulation Model Simulation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 1473-1480.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-5033-7
    [11] Tracy MOFFAT-GRIFFIN, Mike J. TAYLOR, Takuji NAKAMURA, Andrew J. KAVANAGH, J. Scott HOSKING, Andrew ORR, 2017: 3rd ANtarctic Gravity Wave Instrument Network (ANGWIN) Science Workshop, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 1-3.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-6197-5
    [12] Lu LIU, Lingkun RAN, Shouting GAO, 2019: A Three-dimensional Wave Activity Flux of Inertia-Gravity Waves and Its Application to a Rainstorm Event, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 36, 206-218.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-018-8018-5
    [13] Zheng Xingyu, Zeng Qingcun, Huang Ronghui, 1992: The Propagation of Inertia-Gravity Waves and Their Influence on Zonal Mean Flow Part Two: Wave Breaking and Critical Levels, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 9, 29-36.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656927
    [14] Chen Lieting, 1985: THE SOUTHERN OSCILLATION AND ITS ASSOCIATEDSUMMER RAINFALLS IN CHINA-CONCURRENTDISCUSSION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SOURTHERN OSCILLATION AND WALKER CIRCULATION, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 2, 542-548.  doi: 10.1007/BF02678752
    [15] Yihui DING, Yunyun LIU, Zeng-Zhen HU, 2021: The Record-breaking Mei-yu in 2020 and Associated Atmospheric Circulation and Tropical SST Anomalies, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 1980-1993.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-0361-2
    [16] R. Dhar, C. Guha-Roy, D. K. Sinha, 1991: On a Class of Solitary Wave Solutions of Atmospheric Nonlinear Equations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 8, 357-362.  doi: 10.1007/BF02919618
    [17] Li Xingsheng, Bian Xindi, Zhong Shiyuan, 1985: A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON THE INTERACTION OF TURBULENT AND LONG-WAVE RADIATIVE FLUXES IN THE SURFACE LAYER, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 2, 522-530.  doi: 10.1007/BF02678750
    [18] HONG Jieli, LIU Yimin, 2012: Contrasts of Atmospheric Circulation and Associated Tropical Convection between Huaihe River Valley and Yangtze River Valley Mei-yu Flooding, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 755-768.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1217-6
    [19] WANG Hai, and LIU Qinyu, 2014: Boreal Winter Rainfall Anomaly over the Tropical Indo-Pacific and Its Effect on Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation in CMIP5 Models, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 916-925.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3174-0
    [20] ZHONG Linhao, FENG Shide, LUO Dehai, GAO Shouting, 2006: Wind-Driven, Double-Gyre, Ocean Circulation in a Reduced-Gravity, 2.5-Layer, Lattice Boltzmann Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 561-578.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0561-9

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Manuscript History

Manuscript received: 10 July 1988
Manuscript revised: 10 July 1988
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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TROPICAL GRAVITY-ATMOSPHERIC LONG WAVE AND THE WALKER CIRCULATION

  • 1. Air Force Meteorological Institute, Nanjing

Abstract: Orders of magnitude of terms related to earth’s rotation in linearized vorticity and divergence equations governing tropical large-scale motion are analysed. It is discovered that βyD and βyξ are smaller by one order than βv and βu respectively and then may be neglected. On this basis, tropical wave motions are discussed. It is found that there exists a kind of gravity-atmospheiic long waves which is non-vorticit atmospheric long wave, whereas the Kelvin wave is essentially the gravity-atmospheric long wave with its velocity being much lower than that of gravity. Computation shows that there also exists a kind of large-scale slow waves whose moving speed is lower by one order of magnitude than that of Kelvin wave. Such slow wave is likely to be the Walker Circulation.

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