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Volume 5 Issue 2

Apr.  1988

Article Contents

MOUNTAIN TORQUE AND EXTERNAL FORCING


doi: 10.1007/BF02656776

  • Theoretical research and numerical modelling show that, although mountain torque owes its existence to the unevenness of the ground surface, its sign and intensity depend strongly upon the relative disposition be-tween mechanical and thermal forcing. The strong annual variations of mountain torque in the northern subtropics revealed by Yeh and Zhu (1958) are attributed to the different thermal features of Tibetan Plateau between winter and summer.
  • [1] WANG Geli, YANG Peicai, ZHOU Xiuji, 2013: Nonstationary Time Series Prediction by Incorporating External Forces, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 1601-1607.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2134-z
    [2] Wu Rongsheng, 1991: The Surface Friction and the Flow over Mountain, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 8, 272-278.  doi: 10.1007/BF02919609
    [3] WANG Geli, YAN Jianjun, YANG Peicai, 2012: On the Nonlinear Response of Lower Stratospheric Ozone to External Forces---The Inclusion of BrOx and Radiation Processes, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 855-866.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1177-x
    [4] Yulan ZHANG, Shichang KANG, Tanguang GAO, Michael SPRENGER, Wei ZHANG, Zhaoqing WANG, 2023: Black Carbon Size in Snow of Chinese Altai Mountain in Central Asia, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 1199-1211.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2141-z
    [5] LIU Liping, Qin XU, Pengfei ZHANG, Shun LIU, 2008: Automated Detection of Contaminated Radar Image Pixels in Mountain Areas, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 778-790.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0778-x
    [6] Sang Jianguo, Wu Gang, 1987: A NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLOW AND CONCENTRATION FIELDS ON MOUNTAIN LEE-SIDE, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 4, 240-247.  doi: 10.1007/BF02677071
    [7] He PAN, Guixing CHEN, 2019: Diurnal Variations of Precipitation over North China Regulated by the Mountain-plains Solenoid and Boundary-layer Inertial Oscillation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, , 863-884.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-019-8238-3
    [8] WANG Qiwei, TAN Zhemin, 2009: Idealized Numerical Simulation Study of the Potential Vorticity Banners over a Mesoscale Mountain: Dry Adiabatic Process, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 906-922.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8004-z
    [9] Xuwei BAO, Leiming MA, Jianyong LIU, Jie TANG, Jing XU, 2018: Formation and Development of a Mountain-induced Secondary Center inside Typhoon Morakot (2009), ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 1160-1176.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-018-7199-2
    [10] SHI ChunE, DENG Xueliang, YANG Yuanjian, WU Biwen, , 2014: Precipitation Chemistry and Corresponding Transport Patterns of Influencing Air Masses at Huangshan Mountain in East China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 1157-1166.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-3189-1
    [11] Joo-Wan CHA, Ki-Ho CHANG, Seong Soo YUM, Young-Jean CHOI, 2009: Comparison of the Bright Band Characteristics Measured by Micro Rain Radar (MRR) at a Mountain and a Coastal Site in South Korea, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 211-221.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0211-0
    [12] Qujun Qiu, Chunsong Lu, Shu zhiliang, Peiyun Deng, 2024: The Influence of Airflow transport Path on Precipitation during the Rainy Season in the Liupan Mountain of Northwest China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-024-3162-6
    [13] WANG Xiaokang, NI Yunqi, XU Wenhui, GU Chunli, QIU Xuexing, 2011: Water Cycle and Microphysical Processes Associated with a Mesoscale Convective Vortex System in the Dabie Mountain Area, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1405-1422.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-0089-5
    [14] Hu Rongming, Serge Planton, Michel Déque, Pascal Marquet, Alain Braun, 2001: Why Is the Climate Forcing of Sulfate Aerosols So Uncertain?, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 1103-1120.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-001-0026-0
    [15] Zhang Pei, Ni Yunqi, 1991: The Effect of Topographic Forcing on the Formation and Maintenance of Blocking, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 8, 317-326.  doi: 10.1007/BF02919614
    [16] PENG Yuehua, DUAN Wansuo, XIANG Jie, 2011: Effect of Stochastic MJO Forcing on ENSO Predictability, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1279-1290.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-0126-4
    [17] LIU Li, WANG Tijian, SUN Zhenhai, WANG Qingeng, ZHUANG Bingliang, HAN Yong, LI Shu, 2012: Eddy Covariance Tilt Corrections over a Coastal Mountain Area in South-east China: Significance for Near-Surface Turbulence Characteristics, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 1264-1278.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1052-9
    [18] ZHANG Yuanchun, SUN Jianhua*, and FU Shenming, 2014: Impacts of Diurnal Variation of Mountain-plain Solenoid Circulations on Precipitation and Vortices East of the Tibetan Plateau during the Mei-yu Season, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 139-153.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2052-0
    [19] XU Wenhui, NI Yunqi, WANG Xiaokang, QIU Xuexing, BAO Xinghua, JIN Wenyan, 2011: A Study of Structure and Mechanism of a Meso-beta-scale Convective Vortex and Associated Heavy Rainfall in the Dabie Mountain Area Part I: Diagnostic Analysis of the Structure, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1159-1176.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-0170-5
    [20] Zhang Ren, Yu Zhihao, 2000: Numerical and Dynamical Analyses of Heat Source Forcing and Restricting Subtropical High Activity, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 17, 61-71.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-000-0043-4

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Manuscript History

Manuscript received: 10 April 1988
Manuscript revised: 10 April 1988
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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MOUNTAIN TORQUE AND EXTERNAL FORCING

  • 1. Laboratory of Numerical Modelling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Academia Sinica, Beijing

Abstract: Theoretical research and numerical modelling show that, although mountain torque owes its existence to the unevenness of the ground surface, its sign and intensity depend strongly upon the relative disposition be-tween mechanical and thermal forcing. The strong annual variations of mountain torque in the northern subtropics revealed by Yeh and Zhu (1958) are attributed to the different thermal features of Tibetan Plateau between winter and summer.

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