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Volume 6 Issue 1

Jan.  1989

Article Contents

A Numerical World Ocean General Circulation Model


doi: 10.1007/BF02656917

  • This paper describes a numerical model of the world ocean based on the fully primitive equations. A “Standard” ocean state is introduced into the equations of the model and the perturbed thermodynamic variables are used in the modle’s calculations. Both a free upper surface and a bottom topography are included in the model and a sigma coordinate is used to normalize the model’s vertical component. The model has four unevenly-spaced layers and 4 × 5 horizontal resolution based on C-grid system. The finite-difference scheme of the model is designed to conserve the gross available energy in order to avoid fictitious energy generation or decay.The model has been tested in response to the annual mean surface wind stress, sea level air pressure and sea level air temperature as a preliminary step to its further improvement and its coupling with a global atmospheric general circulation model. Some of results, including currents, temperature and sea surface elevation simulated by the model are presented.
  • [1] Jin Xiangze, Zhang Xuehong, Zhou Tianjun, 1999: Fundamental Framework and Experiments of the Third Generation of IAP/ LASG World Ocean General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 16, 197-215.  doi: 10.1007/BF02973082
    [2] XU Yongfu, LI Yangchun, and CHU Min, 2013: A Global Ocean Biogeochemistry General Circulation Model and its Simulations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 922-939.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2162-0
    [3] Zhou Guangqing, Zeng Qingcun, 2001: Predictions of ENSO with a Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 587-603.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-001-0047-8
    [4] Yu Yongqiang, Yu Rucong, Zhang Xuehong, Liu Hailong, 2002: A Flexible Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 19, 169-190.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-002-0042-8
    [5] Zhang Ronghua, Zeng Qingcun, Zhou Guangqing, Liang Xinzhong, 1995: A Coupled General Circulation Model for the Tropical Pacific Ocean and Global Atmosphere, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 12, 127-142.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656827
    [6] Boyin HUANG, Vikram M. MEHTA, 2010: Influences of Freshwater from Major Rivers on Global Ocean Circulation and Temperatures in the MIT Ocean General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 455-468.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9022-6
    [7] LI Jianglong, ZHANG Xuehong, YU Yongqiang, DAI Fushan, 2004: Primary Reasoning behind the Double ITCZ Phenomenon in a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 21, 857-867.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915588
    [8] Ni Yunqi, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, David D. Houghton, 1987: THE SENSITIVITY OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION TO OROGRAPHY SPECIFICATION IN THE LOW RESOLUTION SPECTRAL MODEL-PART I: THE EFFECTS OF OROGRAPHY ON THE ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 4, 1-12.  doi: 10.1007/BF02663607
    [9] Huang Ruixin, Jin Xiangze, Zhang Xuehong, 2001: An Oceanic General Circulation Model in Pressure Coordinates, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 1-22.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-001-0001-9
    [10] Ji Liren, S.Tibaldi, 1984: NUMERICAL EXPERIMENT ON THE SEASONAL TRANSITION OF GENERAL CIRCULATION OVER ASIA - PART Ⅰ, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 1, 128-149.  doi: 10.1007/BF03187624
    [11] Ji Liren, S.Tibaldi, 1984: NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS ON THE SEASONAL TRANSITION OF GENERAL CIRCULATION OVER ASIA--PART Ⅱ, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 1, 188-205.  doi: 10.1007/BF02678131
    [12] REN Rongcai, WU Guoxiong, Ming CAI, YU Jingjing, 2009: Winter Season Stratospheric Circulation in the SAMIL/LASG General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 451-464.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0451-z
    [13] YU Yongqiang, ZHANG Xuehong, GUO Yufu, 2004: Global Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere General Circulation Models in LASG/IAP, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 21, 444-455.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915571
    [14] Yu Rucong, Jin Xiangze, Zhang Xuehong, 1995: Design and Numerical Simulation of an Arctic Ocean Circulation and Thermodynamic Sea-Ice Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 12, 289-310.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656978
    [15] BUHE Cholaw, Ulrich CUBASCH, LIN Yonghui, JI Liren, 2003: The Change of North China Climate in Transient Simulations Using the IPCC SRES A2 and B2 Scenarios with a Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 755-766.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915400
    [16] Zhang Xin, Wang Bin, Ji Zhongzhen, 2001: Performance of a Parallel Finite Difference Atmospheric General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 1175-1184.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-001-0031-3
    [17] WEN Xinyu, ZHOU Tianjun, WANG Shaowu, WANG Bin, WAN Hui, LI Jian, 2007: Performance of a Reconfigured Atmospheric General Circulation Model at Low Resolution, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 712-728.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0712-7
    [18] Liang Xinzhong, 1996: Description of A Nine-Level Grid Point Atmospheric General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 13, 269-298.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656847
    [19] Zhang Xuehong, 1990: Dynamical Framework of IAP Nine-Level Atmospheric General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 7, 67-77.  doi: 10.1007/BF02919169
    [20] LIU Hailong, ZHANG Xuehong, LI Wei, YU Yongqiang, YU Rucong, 2004: An Eddy-Permitting Oceanic General Circulation Model and Its Preliminary Evaluation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 21, 675-690.  doi: 10.1007/BF02916365

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Manuscript History

Manuscript received: 10 January 1989
Manuscript revised: 10 January 1989
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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A Numerical World Ocean General Circulation Model

  • 1. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Academia Sinica, Beijing,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Academia Sinica, Beijing

Abstract: This paper describes a numerical model of the world ocean based on the fully primitive equations. A “Standard” ocean state is introduced into the equations of the model and the perturbed thermodynamic variables are used in the modle’s calculations. Both a free upper surface and a bottom topography are included in the model and a sigma coordinate is used to normalize the model’s vertical component. The model has four unevenly-spaced layers and 4 × 5 horizontal resolution based on C-grid system. The finite-difference scheme of the model is designed to conserve the gross available energy in order to avoid fictitious energy generation or decay.The model has been tested in response to the annual mean surface wind stress, sea level air pressure and sea level air temperature as a preliminary step to its further improvement and its coupling with a global atmospheric general circulation model. Some of results, including currents, temperature and sea surface elevation simulated by the model are presented.

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