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Volume 3 Issue 2

Apr.  1986

Article Contents

ANALYSES AND CALCULATION FACTS OF THE BAROCLINIC TERM IN SYNOPTIC-SCALE MOTION OVER TROPICS


doi: 10.1007/BF02682554

  • Analyses are made of all terms in the vorticity equation for the atmosphere at low latitudes by using the scale analysis theory, with the result that for synotic-scale motion the baroclinic term, i. e. the twisting term and the vorticity vertical-transport term, approximates in order to the relative-vorticity advection, divergence and β term. With intensified atmospheric disturbance ratios of the β term to others become smaller while the others stay in more or less fixed proportions between them. This statement has been confirmed by the results of 22 typhoons calculated covering a large area in low latitudes. Besides, the baroclinic term for the genesis and development of 6 typhoons over 1979-1980 is calculated and the results ob-tained show that it has significant effect. Finally, the baroclinicity is shown not to be ignored in dealing with synoptics and dynamics of synoptic-scale systems such as typhoons and easterly waves.
  • [1] Xingyan ZHOU, Riyu LU, Guanghua CHEN, Liang WU, 2018: Interannual Variations in Synoptic-Scale Disturbances over the Western North Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 507-517.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-7143-x
    [2] C. H. So, Johnny C. L. Chan, 1997: Regional and Synoptic-scale Features Associated with Inactive Periods of the Summer Monsoon over South China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 14, 223-230.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-997-0021-1
    [3] LUO Dehai, LIU Jinting, LI Jianping, 2010: Interaction between Planetary-Scale Diffluent Flow and Synoptic-Scale Waves During the Life Cycle of Blocking, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 807-831.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9074-7
    [4] SONG Fengfei, and ZHOU Tianjun, 2013: FGOALS-s2 Simulation of Upper-level Jet Streams over East Asia: Mean State Bias and Synoptic-scale Transient Eddy Activity, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 739-753.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2212-7
    [5] Luo Dehai, Li Jianping, 2000: Barotropic Interaction between Planetary- and Synoptic-Scale Waves during the Life Cycles of Blockings, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 17, 649-670.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-000-0026-5
    [6] Luo Dehai, Li Jianping, Huang Fei, 2002: Life Cycles of Blocking Flows Associated with Synoptic-Scale Eddies: Observed Results and Numerical Experiments, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 19, 594-618.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-002-0003-2
    [7] Yao HA, Zhong ZHONG, Haikun ZHAO, Yimin ZHU, Yao YAO, Yijia HU, 2022: A Climatological Perspective on Extratropical Synoptic-Scale Transient Eddy Activity Response to Western Pacific Tropical Cyclones, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 333-343.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-0375-9
    [8] ZHANG Zhanhai, ZHOU Mingyu, Sharon ZHONG, Donald H. LENSCHOW, Qing WANG, 2009: Parameterizations of the Daytime Friction Velocity, Temperature Scale, and Upslope Flow over Gently Inclined Terrain in Calm Synoptic Conditions, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 577-584.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0577-z
    [9] Xiaqiong ZHOU, Johnny C. L. CHEN, 2006: Ensemble Forecasting of Tropical Cyclone Motion Using a Baroclinic Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 342-354.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0342-5
    [10] LI Yuefeng, 2007: Conversion of Kinetic Energy from Synoptic Scale Disturbance to Low-Frequency Fluctuation over the Yangtze River Valley in the Summers of 1997 and 1999, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 591-598.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0591-y
    [11] Xiao Qingnong, Wu Rongsheng, 1995: A Study on Frontal Motion over Orography, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 12, 325-334.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656981
    [12] Xu Yinlong, Qian Fenlan, Chen Zhi, Li Shiming, Zhou Mingyu, 2002: Observational Analyses of Baroclinic Boundary Layer Characteristics during One Frontal Winter Snowstorm, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 19, 153-168.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-002-0041-9
    [13] LUO Zhexian, PING Fan, 2012: Simulations of the Motion of Tropical Cyclone-like Vortices in the Presence of Synoptic and Mesoscale Circulations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 519-528.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-1199-9
    [14] Li Maicun, 1987: ON THE LOW-FREQUENCY, PLANETARY-SCALE MOTION IN THE TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE AND OCEANS, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 4, 249-263.  doi: 10.1007/BF02663596
    [15] Chen Lianshou, Luo Zhexian, 1995: Effect of the Interaction of Different Scale Vortices on the Structure and Motion of Typhoons, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 12, 207-214.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656833
    [16] Guoqing Li, Robin Kung, Richard L. Pfeffer, 1992: A Fluid Experiment of Large-Scale Topography Effect on Baroclinic Wave Flows, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 9, 17-28.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656926
    [17] Wan Jun, Yang Fanglin, 1990: The Phenomena of Bifurcation and Catastrophe of Large-Scale Horizontal Motion in the Atmosphere under the Effect of Rossby Parameter, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 7, 409-422.  doi: 10.1007/BF03008871
    [18] BEI Naifang, Fuqing ZHANG, 2014: Mesoscale Predictability of Moist Baroclinic Waves: Variable and Scale-dependent Error Growth, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 995-1008.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-3191-7
    [19] Liudan DING, Tim LI, Ying SUN, 2021: Subseasonal and Synoptic Variabilities of Precipitation over the Yangtze River Basin in the Summer of 2020, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 2108-2124.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1133-8
    [20] Arona DIEDHIOU, Luiz A. T. MACHADO, Henri LAURENT, 2010: Mean Kinematic Characteristics of Synoptic Easterly Disturbances over the Atlantic, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 483-499.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9092-5

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Manuscript History

Manuscript received: 10 April 1986
Manuscript revised: 10 April 1986
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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ANALYSES AND CALCULATION FACTS OF THE BAROCLINIC TERM IN SYNOPTIC-SCALE MOTION OVER TROPICS

  • 1. Meteorological Bureau of Zhejiang, Hangzhou

Abstract: Analyses are made of all terms in the vorticity equation for the atmosphere at low latitudes by using the scale analysis theory, with the result that for synotic-scale motion the baroclinic term, i. e. the twisting term and the vorticity vertical-transport term, approximates in order to the relative-vorticity advection, divergence and β term. With intensified atmospheric disturbance ratios of the β term to others become smaller while the others stay in more or less fixed proportions between them. This statement has been confirmed by the results of 22 typhoons calculated covering a large area in low latitudes. Besides, the baroclinic term for the genesis and development of 6 typhoons over 1979-1980 is calculated and the results ob-tained show that it has significant effect. Finally, the baroclinicity is shown not to be ignored in dealing with synoptics and dynamics of synoptic-scale systems such as typhoons and easterly waves.

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