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Volume 22 Issue 2

Mar.  2005

Article Contents
Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2005 >  22(2): 238-245

Impact of the Anomalous Thawing in the Tibetan Plateau on Summer Precipitation in China and Its Mechanism

  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia, Beijing 100029;Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institu,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia, Beijing 100029;National Climate Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing,,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000


doi: 10.1007/BF02918513

  • The impact of the anomalous thawing of frozen soil in the late spring on the summer precipitation in China and its possible mechanism are analyzed in the context of the frozen soil thawing date data of the 50meteorological stations in the Tibetan Plateau, and the NCEP/NCAR monthly average reanalysis data.Results show that the thawing dates of the Tibetan Plateau gradually become earlier from 1980 to 1999,which is consistent with the trend of global warming in the 20th century. Because differences in the thermal capacity and conductivity between frozen and unfrozen soils are larger, changes in the freezing/thawing process of soil may change the physical properties of the underlying surface, thus affecting exchanges of sensible and latent heat between the ground surface and air. The thermal state change of the plateau ground surface must lead to the thermal anomalies of the atmosphere over and around the plateau, and then further to the anomalies of the general atmospheric circulation. A possible mechanism for the impact of the thawing of the plateau on summer (July) precipitation may be as follows. When the frozen soil thaws early (late) in the plateau, the thermal capacity of the ground surface is large (small), and the thermal conductivity is small (large), therefore, the thermal exchanges between the ground surface and the air are weak (strong). The small (large) ground surface sensible and latent heat fluxes lead to a weak (strong) South Asian high, a weak (strong) West Pacific subtropical high and a little to south (north) of its normal position. Correspondingly, the ascending motion is strengthened (weakened) and precipitation increases (decreases) in South China, while in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River, the ascending motion and precipitation show the opposite trend.
  • [1] Yizhe HAN, Dabang JIANG, Dong SI, Yaoming MA, Weiqiang MA, 2024: Time-lagged Effects of the Spring Atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibetan Plateau on Summer Precipitation in Northeast China during 1961–2020: Role of Soil Moisture, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2363-8
    [2] LIU Ge, WU Renguang, ZHANG Yuanzhi, and NAN Sulan, 2014: The Summer Snow Cover Anomaly over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Association with Simultaneous Precipitation over the Mei-yu-Baiu region, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 755-764.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3183-z
    [3] Chujie GAO, Gen LI, 2023: Enhanced Seasonal Predictability of Spring Soil Moisture over the Indo-China Peninsula for Eastern China Summer Precipitation under Non-ENSO Conditions, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 1632-1648.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2361-x
    [4] Shuo JIA, Jiefan YANG, Hengchi LEI, 2024: Case Studies of the Microphysical and Kinematic Structure of Summer Mesoscale Precipitation Clouds over the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 41, 97-114.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2303-7
    [5] WANG Chenghai, SHI Hongxia, HU Haolin, WANG Yi, XI Baike, 2015: Properties of Cloud and Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 1504-1516.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4254-0
    [6] Yilun CHEN, Aoqi ZHANG, Yunfei FU, Shumin CHEN, Weibiao LI, 2021: Morphological Characteristics of Precipitation Areas over the Tibetan Plateau Measured by TRMM PR, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 677-689.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-0233-1
    [7] Liu Liping, Feng Jinming, Chu Rongzhong, Zhou Yunjun, K. Ueno, 2002: The Diurnal Variation of Precipitation in Monsoon Season in the Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 19, 365-378.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-002-0028-6
    [8] Gudongze LI, Haoming CHEN, Mingyue XU, Chun ZHAO, Lei ZHONG, Rui LI, Yunfei FU, Yanhong GAO, 2022: Impacts of Topographic Complexity on Modeling Moisture Transport and Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau in Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 1151-1166.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-1409-7
    [9] Yunfei Fu, Yang Liu, Peng Zhang, Songyan Gu, Lin Chen, Sun Nan, 2024: A New Algorithm of Rain Type Classification for GPM Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar in Summer Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-024-3384-7
    [10] Joshua TALIB, Omar V. MÜLLER, Emma J. BARTON, Christopher M. TAYLOR, Pier Luigi VIDALE, 2023: The Representation of Soil Moisture−Atmosphere Feedbacks across the Tibetan Plateau in CMIP6, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 2063-2081.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2296-2
    [11] Xiaying ZHU, Mingzhu YANG, Ge LIU, Yanju LIU, Weijing LI, Sulan NAN, Linhai SUN, 2023: A Precursory Signal of June–July Precipitation over the Yangtze River Basin: December–January Tropospheric Temperature over the Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 1986-1997.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2079-1
    [12] LIU Yu, LI Weiliang, ZHOU Xiuji, HE Jinhai, 2003: Mechanism of Formation of the Ozone Valley over the Tibetan Plateau in Summer Transport and Chemical Process of Ozone, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 103-109.  doi: 10.1007/BF03342054
    [13] Yafei YAN, Yimin LIU, 2019: Vertical Structures of Convective and Stratiform Clouds in Boreal Summer over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Neighboring Regions, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 36, 1089-1102.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-019-8229-4
    [14] Liang HU, Zhian SUN, Difei DENG, Greg ROFF, 2019: Evaluation of Summer Monsoon Clouds over the Tibetan Plateau Simulated in the ACCESS Model Using Satellite Products, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 36, 326-338.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-018-7301-9
    [15] LIU Huaqiang, SUN Zhaobo, WANG Ju, MIN Jinzhong, 2004: A Modeling Study of the Effects of Anomalous Snow Cover over the Tibetan Plateau upon the South Asian Summer Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 21, 964-975.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915598
    [16] DUAN Anmin, WU Guoxiong, LIANG Xiaoyun, 2008: Influence of the Tibetan Plateau on the Summer Climate Patterns over Asia in the IAP/LASG SAMIL Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 518-528.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0518-2
    [17] BIAN Jianchun, YAN Renchang, CHEN Hongbin, Lu Daren, Steven T. MASSIE, 2011: Formation of the Summertime Ozone Valley over the Tibetan Plateau: The Asian Summer Monsoon and Air Column Variations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1318-1325.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-0174-9
    [18] Chuandong ZHU, Rongcai REN, Guoxiong WU, 2018: Varying Rossby Wave Trains from the Developing to Decaying Period of the Upper Atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibetan Plateau in Boreal Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 1114-1128.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-7231-y
    [19] LI Wei, CHEN Longxun, 2003: Characteristics of the Seasonal Variation of the Surface Total Heating over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Surrounding Area in Summer 1998 and Its Relationship with the Convection over the Subtropical Area of the Western Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 343-348.  doi: 10.1007/BF02690792
    [20] Haoxin ZHANG, Weiping LI, Weijing LI, 2019: Influence of Late Springtime Surface Sensible Heat Flux Anomalies over the Tibetan and Iranian Plateaus on the Location of the South Asian High in Early Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 36, 93-103.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-018-7296-2
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 March 2005
    Manuscript revised: 10 March 2005
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Impact of the Anomalous Thawing in the Tibetan Plateau on Summer Precipitation in China and Its Mechanism

    • 1. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia, Beijing 100029;Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institu,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia, Beijing 100029;National Climate Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing,,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000
    • Manuscript received: 2005-03-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2005-03-10

    Abstract: The impact of the anomalous thawing of frozen soil in the late spring on the summer precipitation in China and its possible mechanism are analyzed in the context of the frozen soil thawing date data of the 50meteorological stations in the Tibetan Plateau, and the NCEP/NCAR monthly average reanalysis data.Results show that the thawing dates of the Tibetan Plateau gradually become earlier from 1980 to 1999,which is consistent with the trend of global warming in the 20th century. Because differences in the thermal capacity and conductivity between frozen and unfrozen soils are larger, changes in the freezing/thawing process of soil may change the physical properties of the underlying surface, thus affecting exchanges of sensible and latent heat between the ground surface and air. The thermal state change of the plateau ground surface must lead to the thermal anomalies of the atmosphere over and around the plateau, and then further to the anomalies of the general atmospheric circulation. A possible mechanism for the impact of the thawing of the plateau on summer (July) precipitation may be as follows. When the frozen soil thaws early (late) in the plateau, the thermal capacity of the ground surface is large (small), and the thermal conductivity is small (large), therefore, the thermal exchanges between the ground surface and the air are weak (strong). The small (large) ground surface sensible and latent heat fluxes lead to a weak (strong) South Asian high, a weak (strong) West Pacific subtropical high and a little to south (north) of its normal position. Correspondingly, the ascending motion is strengthened (weakened) and precipitation increases (decreases) in South China, while in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River, the ascending motion and precipitation show the opposite trend.

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