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Volume 22 Issue 6

Nov.  2005

Article Contents
Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2005 >  22(6): 915-923

South Asian High and Asian-Pacific-American Climate Teleconnection

  • 1.

    National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100029,NOAA's Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland,NOAA's Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland


doi: 10.1007/BF02918690

  • Growing evidence indicates that the Asian monsoon plays an important role in affecting the weather and climate outside of Asia. However, this active role of the monsoon has not been demonstrated as thoroughly as has the variability of the monsoon caused by various impacting factors such as sea surface temperature and land surface. This study investigates the relationship between the Asian monsoon and the climate anomalies in the Asian-Pacific-American (APA) sector. A hypothesis is tested that the variability of the upper-tropospheric South Asian high (SAH), which is closely associated with the overall heating of the large-scale Asian monsoon, is linked to changes in the subtropical western Pacific high (SWPH), the midPacific trough, and the Mexican high. The changes in these circulation systems cause variability in surface temperature and precipitation in the APA region. A stronger SAH is accompanied by a stronger and more extensive SWPH. The enlargement of the SWPH weakens the mid-Pacific trough. As a result, the southern portion of the Mexican high becomes stronger. These changes are associated with changes in atmospheric teleconnections, precipitation, and surface temperature throughout the APA region. When the SAH is stronger, precipitation increases in southern Asia, decreases over the Pacific Ocean, and increases over the Central America. Precipitation also increases over Australia and central Africa and decreases in the Mediterranean region. While the signals in surface temperature are weak over the tropical land portion,they are apparent in the mid latitudes and over the eastern Pacific Ocean.
  • [1] Lijuan WANG, Aiguo DAI, Shuaihong GUO, Jing GE, 2017: Establishment of the South Asian High over the Indo-China Peninsula During Late Spring to Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 169-180.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-6061-7
    [2] Haoxin ZHANG, Weiping LI, Weijing LI, 2019: Influence of Late Springtime Surface Sensible Heat Flux Anomalies over the Tibetan and Iranian Plateaus on the Location of the South Asian High in Early Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 36, 93-103.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-018-7296-2
    [3] ZHOU Ningfang, YU Yongqiang, QIAN Yongfu, 2006: Simulations of the 100-hPa South Asian High and Precipitation over East Asia with IPCC Coupled GCMs, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 375-390.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0375-9
    [4] ZHOU Ningfang, YU Yongqiang, QIAN Yongfu, 2009: Bimodality of the South Asia High Simulated by Coupled Models, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 1226-1234.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-7219-3
    [5] LIN Zhongda, LU Riyu, 2005: Interannual Meridional Displacement of the East Asian Upper-tropospheric Jet Stream in Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 199-211.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918509
    [6] Lu Riyu, 2002: Indices of the Summertime Western North Pacific Subtropical High, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 19, 1004-1028.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-002-0061-5
    [7] YANG Hui, SUN Shuqing, 2003: Longitudinal Displacement of the Subtropical High in the Western Pacific in Summer and its Influence, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 921-933.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915515
    [8] YANG Hui, SUN Shuqing, 2005: The Characteristics of Longitudinal Movement of the Subtropical High in the Western Pacific in the Pre-rainy Season in South China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 392-400.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918752
    [9] Xinyu LI, Riyu LU, Gen LI, 2021: Different Configurations of Interannual Variability of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High and East Asian Westerly Jet in Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 931-942.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-0339-0
    [10] Sun Shuqing, Ying Ming, 1999: Subtropical High Anomalies over the Western Pacific and Its Relations to the Asian Monsoon and SST Anomaly, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 16, 559-568.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-999-0031-2
    [11] Wang Shaowu, Cai Jingning, Mu Qiaozhen, Xie Zhihui, Zhu Jinhong, Gong Daoyi, 2002: Modeling and Diagnostic Studies on the Variations of the Subtropical High over the Western Pacific from 1880 to 1999, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 19, 1148-1152.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-002-0072-2
    [12] He Jinhai, Zhou Bing, Wen Min, Li Feng, 2001: Vertical Circulation Structure, lnterannual Variation Features and Variation Mechanism of Western Pacific Subtropical High, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 497-510.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-001-0040-2
    [13] Shuai HU, Tianjun ZHOU, Bo WU, Xiaolong CHEN, 2023: Seasonal Prediction of the Record-Breaking Northward Shift of the Western Pacific Subtropical High in July 2021, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 410-427.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2151-x
    [14] Huang Ronghui, Lu Li, 1989: Numerical Simulation of the Relationship between the Anomaly of Subtropical High over East Asia and the Convective Activities in the Western Tropical Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 6, 202-214.  doi: 10.1007/BF02658016
    [15] Anmin DUAN, Ruizao SUN, Jinhai HE, 2017: Impact of Surface Sensible Heating over the Tibetan Plateau on the Western Pacific Subtropical High: A Land-Air-Sea Interaction Perspective, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 157-168.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-6008-z
    [16] Feng XUE, Fangxing FAN, 2016: Anomalous Western Pacific Subtropical High during Late Summer in Weak La Niña Years: Contrast between 1981 and 2013, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 33, 1351-1360.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5281-1
    [17] Feng XUE, Xiao DONG, Fangxing FAN, 2018: Anomalous Western Pacific Subtropical High during El Niño Developing Summer in Comparison with Decaying Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 360-367.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-7046-x
    [18] Xinyu LI, Riyu LU, 2021: Decadal Change in the Influence of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High on Summer Rainfall over the Yangtze River Basin in the Late 1970s, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 1823-1834.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1051-9
    [19] ZHAO Tianbao, FU Congbin, 2009: Intercomparison of the Summertime Subtropical High from the ERA-40 and NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis over East Eurasia and the western North Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 119-131.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0119-8
    [20] Zhang Qihe, Yu Shihua, 1990: Diagnosis of the Medium-Range Variation of the Subtropical High over the Western Pacific during a Meiyu Process by Three-Dimensional E－P Flux, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 7, 463-474.  doi: 10.1007/BF03342565
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 November 2005
    Manuscript revised: 10 November 2005
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

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    South Asian High and Asian-Pacific-American Climate Teleconnection

    • 1. National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100029,NOAA's Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland,NOAA's Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland
    • Manuscript received: 2005-11-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2005-11-10

    Abstract: Growing evidence indicates that the Asian monsoon plays an important role in affecting the weather and climate outside of Asia. However, this active role of the monsoon has not been demonstrated as thoroughly as has the variability of the monsoon caused by various impacting factors such as sea surface temperature and land surface. This study investigates the relationship between the Asian monsoon and the climate anomalies in the Asian-Pacific-American (APA) sector. A hypothesis is tested that the variability of the upper-tropospheric South Asian high (SAH), which is closely associated with the overall heating of the large-scale Asian monsoon, is linked to changes in the subtropical western Pacific high (SWPH), the midPacific trough, and the Mexican high. The changes in these circulation systems cause variability in surface temperature and precipitation in the APA region. A stronger SAH is accompanied by a stronger and more extensive SWPH. The enlargement of the SWPH weakens the mid-Pacific trough. As a result, the southern portion of the Mexican high becomes stronger. These changes are associated with changes in atmospheric teleconnections, precipitation, and surface temperature throughout the APA region. When the SAH is stronger, precipitation increases in southern Asia, decreases over the Pacific Ocean, and increases over the Central America. Precipitation also increases over Australia and central Africa and decreases in the Mediterranean region. While the signals in surface temperature are weak over the tropical land portion,they are apparent in the mid latitudes and over the eastern Pacific Ocean.

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