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Volume 18 Issue 6

Nov.  2001

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2001 >  18(6): 1066-1080

Associations with the Interannual Variations of Onset and Withdrawal of the Changma

  • 1.

    Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,Meteorological Research Institute, Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul 156-720, South Korea,Meteorological Research Institute, Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul 156-720, South Korea,Meteorological Research Institute, Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul 156-720, South Korea


doi: 10.1007/s00376-001-0023-3

  • The associations of onset and withdrawal of the rainy season in South Korea (called Changma) have been examined. Composite studies showed that there are significant differences in circulations between extremely early and late onset (or withdrawals) not only over East Asia, but also over remote areas. The in situ significant differences include the upper-level jet over East Asia and the subtropical anticyclone over the western North Pacific at lower levels. The significant remote associations include the Indian monsoon and ENSO. The Indian summer monsoon is related to both onset and withdrawal of the Changma, while ENSO has a significant relation only to onset, but not to withdrawal.
  • [1] CHEN Wei, LU Riyu, 2014: The Interannual Variation in Monthly Temperature over Northeast China during Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 515-524.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3102-3
    [2] SU Qin, LU Riyu, LI Chaofan, 2014: Large-scale Circulation Anomalies Associated with Interannual Variation in Monthly Rainfall over South China from May to August, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 273-282.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3051-x
    [3] Jai-Ho Oh, Won-Tae Kwon, Sang-Boom Ryoo, 1997: Review of the Researches on Changma and Future Observational Study (KORMEX), ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 14, 207-222.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-997-0020-2
    [4] PENG Jingbei, CHEN Lieting, ZHANG Qingyun, 2014: The Relationship between the El Nio/La Nia Cycle and the Transition Chains of Four Atmospheric Oscillations. Part I: The Four Oscillations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 468-479.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2275-0
    [5] K.-M. Lau, Song Yang, 1997: Climatology and Interannual Variability of the Southeast Asian Summer Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 14, 141-162.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-997-0016-y
    [6] Li Chongyin, Wu Jingbo, 2000: On the Onset of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon in 1998, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 17, 193-204.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-000-0003-z
    [7] Yan Junyue, 1997: Observational Study on the Onset of the South China Sea Southwest Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 14, 277-287.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-997-0026-9
    [8] ZOU Liwei, ZHOU Tianjun, 2015: Asian Summer Monsoon Onset in Simulations and CMIP5 Projections Using Four Chinese Climate Models, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 794-806.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-4053-z
    [9] DING Yihui, HE Chun, 2006: The Summer Monsoon Onset over the Tropical Eastern Indian Ocean: The Earliest Onset Process of the Asian Summer Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 940-950.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0940-2
    [10] GAO Jianyun, Tim LI, 2012: Interannual Variation of Multiple Tropical Cyclone Events in the Western North Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 1279-1291.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1031-1
    [11] LI Weiping, XUE Yongkang, 2005: Numerical Simulation of the Impact of Vegetation Index on the Interannual Variation of Summer Precipitation in the Yellow River Basin, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 865-876.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918686
    [12] CHEN Guanghua, HUANG Ronghui, 2008: Influence of Monsoon over the Warm Pool on Interannual Variation on Tropical Cyclone Activity over the Western North Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 319-328.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0319-7
    [13] Kairan YING, Jing PENG, Li DAN, Xiaogu ZHENG, 2022: Ocean–atmosphere Teleconnections Play a Key Role in the Interannual Variability of Seasonal Gross Primary Production in China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 1329-1342.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1226-4
    [14] Mengyu DENG, Riyu LU, Chaofan LI, 2022: Contrasts between the Interannual Variations of Extreme Rainfall over Western and Eastern Sichuan in Mid-summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 999-1011.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1219-3
    [15] WU Zhiwei, LI Jianping, 2008: Prediction of the Asian-Australian Monsoon Interannual Variations with the Grid-Point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG (GAMIL), ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 387-394.  doi: 0.1007/s00376-008-0387-8
    [16] Swati Basu, K. J. Ramesh, Z. N. Begum, 1999: Medium Range Prediction of Summer Monsoon Activities over India vis-a-vis Their Correspondence with the Observational Features, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 16, 133-146.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-999-0009-0
    [17] Yue SUN, Huiling YANG, Hui XIAO, Liang FENG, Wei CHENG, Libo ZHOU, Weixi SHU, Jingzhe SUN, 2024: The Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Cloud Types and Phases in the Arctic Based on CloudSat and CALIPSO Cloud Classification Products, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 41, 310-324.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2231-6
    [18] FENG Jinming, FU Congbin, 2006: Inter-Comparison of 10-year Precipitation Simulated by Several RCMs for Asia, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 531-542.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0531-2
    [19] LI Hongmei, ZHOU Tianjun, Jae-Cheol NAM, 2009: Comparison of Daily Extreme Temperatures over Eastern China and South Korea between 1996--2005, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 253-264.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0253-3
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 November 2001
    Manuscript revised: 10 November 2001
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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    Associations with the Interannual Variations of Onset and Withdrawal of the Changma

    • 1. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,Meteorological Research Institute, Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul 156-720, South Korea,Meteorological Research Institute, Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul 156-720, South Korea,Meteorological Research Institute, Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul 156-720, South Korea
    • Manuscript received: 2001-11-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2001-11-10

    Abstract: The associations of onset and withdrawal of the rainy season in South Korea (called Changma) have been examined. Composite studies showed that there are significant differences in circulations between extremely early and late onset (or withdrawals) not only over East Asia, but also over remote areas. The in situ significant differences include the upper-level jet over East Asia and the subtropical anticyclone over the western North Pacific at lower levels. The significant remote associations include the Indian monsoon and ENSO. The Indian summer monsoon is related to both onset and withdrawal of the Changma, while ENSO has a significant relation only to onset, but not to withdrawal.

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