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Volume 23 Issue 1

Jan.  2006

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2006 >  23(1): 1-13

Comparison of TRMM and Water District Rain Rates over New Mexico

  • 1.

    NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Distributed Active Archive Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA, Center for Earth Observing and Space Research, School of Computational Sciences,George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030-4444, USA,NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Distributed Active Archive Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA, Center for Earth Observing and Space Research, School of Computational Sciences,George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030-4444, USA,Center for Earth Observing and Space Research, School of Computational Sciences,George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030-4444, USA, Thai Royal Military Academy, Bangkok, Thailand,Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA,Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA,Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA,Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA


doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0001-x

  • This paper compares monthly and seasonal rain rates derived from the Version 5 (V5) and Version 6 (V6) TRMM Precipitation Radar (TPR, TSDIS reference 2A25), TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI, 2A12), TRMM Combined Instrument (TCI, 2B31), TRMM calibrated IR rain estimates (3B42) and TRMM merged gauge and satellite analysis (3B43) algorithms over New Mexico (NM) with rain gauge analyses provided by the New Mexico water districts (WD). The average rain rates over the NM region for 1998–2002 are 0.91mmd?1 for WD and 0.75, 1.38, 1.49, 1.27, and 1.07mmd?1 for V5 3B43, 3B42, TMI, PR and TCA; and 0.74, 1.38, 0.87 and 0.97 mm d?1 for V6 3B43, TMI, TPR and TCA, respectively. Comparison of V5 3B43 with WD rain rates and the daily TRMM mission index (TPR and TMI) suggests that the low bias of V5 3B43 for the wet months (summer to early fall) may be due to the non-inclusion of some rain events in the operational gauge analyses that are used in the production of V5 3B43. Correlation analyses show that the WD rain rates vary in phase, with higher correlation between neighboring WDs. High temporal correlations (>0.8) exist between WD and the combined algorithms (3B42, 3B43 and TCA for both V5 and V6) while satellite instrument algorithms (PR, TMI and TCI) are correlated best among themselves at the monthly scale. Paired t-tests of the monthly time series show that V5 3B42 and TMI are statistically different from the WD rain rates while no significant difference exists between WD and the other products. The agreements between the TRMM satellite and WD gauge estimates are best for the spring and fall and worst for winter and summer. The reduction in V6 TMI (?7.4%) and TPR (?31%) rain rates (compared to V5) results in better agreement between WD estimates and TMI in winter and TPR during summer.
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 January 2006
    Manuscript revised: 10 January 2006
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Comparison of TRMM and Water District Rain Rates over New Mexico

    • 1. NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Distributed Active Archive Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA, Center for Earth Observing and Space Research, School of Computational Sciences,George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030-4444, USA,NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Distributed Active Archive Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA, Center for Earth Observing and Space Research, School of Computational Sciences,George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030-4444, USA,Center for Earth Observing and Space Research, School of Computational Sciences,George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030-4444, USA, Thai Royal Military Academy, Bangkok, Thailand,Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA,Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA,Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA,Earth Data Analysis Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
    • Manuscript received: 2006-01-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2006-01-10

    Abstract: This paper compares monthly and seasonal rain rates derived from the Version 5 (V5) and Version 6 (V6) TRMM Precipitation Radar (TPR, TSDIS reference 2A25), TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI, 2A12), TRMM Combined Instrument (TCI, 2B31), TRMM calibrated IR rain estimates (3B42) and TRMM merged gauge and satellite analysis (3B43) algorithms over New Mexico (NM) with rain gauge analyses provided by the New Mexico water districts (WD). The average rain rates over the NM region for 1998–2002 are 0.91mmd?1 for WD and 0.75, 1.38, 1.49, 1.27, and 1.07mmd?1 for V5 3B43, 3B42, TMI, PR and TCA; and 0.74, 1.38, 0.87 and 0.97 mm d?1 for V6 3B43, TMI, TPR and TCA, respectively. Comparison of V5 3B43 with WD rain rates and the daily TRMM mission index (TPR and TMI) suggests that the low bias of V5 3B43 for the wet months (summer to early fall) may be due to the non-inclusion of some rain events in the operational gauge analyses that are used in the production of V5 3B43. Correlation analyses show that the WD rain rates vary in phase, with higher correlation between neighboring WDs. High temporal correlations (>0.8) exist between WD and the combined algorithms (3B42, 3B43 and TCA for both V5 and V6) while satellite instrument algorithms (PR, TMI and TCI) are correlated best among themselves at the monthly scale. Paired t-tests of the monthly time series show that V5 3B42 and TMI are statistically different from the WD rain rates while no significant difference exists between WD and the other products. The agreements between the TRMM satellite and WD gauge estimates are best for the spring and fall and worst for winter and summer. The reduction in V6 TMI (?7.4%) and TPR (?31%) rain rates (compared to V5) results in better agreement between WD estimates and TMI in winter and TPR during summer.

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