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Volume 23 Issue 2

Mar.  2006

Article Contents
Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2006 >  23(2): 299-316

Soil Moisture Retrieval from Satellite Images and Its Application to Heavy Rainfall Simulation in Eastern China

  • 1.

    Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093


doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0299-4

  • The soil water index (SWI) from satellite remote sensing and the observational soil moisture from agricultural meteorological stations in eastern China are used to retrieve soil moisture. The analysis of correlation coefficient (CORR), root-mean-square-error (RMSE) and bias (BIAS) shows that the retrieved soil moisture is convincible and close to the observation. The method can overcome the difficulties in soil moisture observation on a large scale and the retrieved soil moisture may reflect the distribution of the real soil moisture objectively. The retrieved soil moisture is used as an initial scheme to replace initial conditions of soil moisture (NCEP) in the model MM5V3 to simulate the heavy rainfall in 1998. Three heavy rainfall processes during 13–14 June, 18–22 June, and 21–26 July 1998 in the Yangtze River valley are analyzed. The first two processes show that the intensity and location of simulated precipitation from SWI are better than those from NCEP and closer to the observed values. The simulated heavy rainfall for 21–26 July shows that the update of soil moisture initial conditions can improve the model’s performance. The relationship between soil moisture and rainfall may explain that the stronger rainfall intensity for SWI in the Yangtze River valley is the result of the greater simulated soil moisture from SWI prior to the heavy rainfall date than that from NCEP, and leads to the decline of temperature in the corresponding area in the heavy rainfall days. Detailed analysis of the heavy rainfall on 13–14 June shows that both land-atmosphere interactions and atmospheric circulation were responsible for the heavy rainfall, and it shows how the SWI simulation improves the simulation. The development of mesoscale systems plays an important role in the simulation regarding the change of initial soil moisture for SWI.
  • [1] Changyu ZHAO, Haishan CHEN, Shanlei SUN, 2018: Evaluating the Capabilities of Soil Enthalpy, Soil Moisture and Soil Temperature in Predicting Seasonal Precipitation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 445-456.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-7006-5
    [2] Robert E. DICKINSON, Guiling WANG, Xubin ZENG, ZENG Qingcun, 2003: How Does the Partitioning of Evapotranspiration and Runoff between Different Processes Affect the Variability and Predictability of Soil Moisture and Precipitation?, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 475-478.  doi: 10.1007/BF02690805
    [3] LIU Shikuo, LIU Shida, FU Zuntao, SUN Lan, 2005: A Nonlinear Coupled Soil Moisture-Vegetation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 337-342.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918747
    [4] NIE Suping, LUO Yong, ZHU Jiang, 2008: Trends and Scales of Observed Soil Moisture Variations in China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 43-58.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0043-3
    [5] Jia Xinyuan, Ye Zhuojia, 1990: The Impact of Soil Moisture on Dispersion-Related Characteristics, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 7, 441-452.  doi: 10.1007/BF03008874
    [6] Ye Zhuojia, Roger A. Pielke, 1995: A Parameterization of Bowen Ratio with Respect to Soil Moisture Availability, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 12, 449-474.  doi: 10.1007/BF02657005
    [7] Yinghan SANG, Hong-Li REN, Xueli SHI, Xiaofeng XU, Haishan CHEN, 2021: Improvement of Soil Moisture Simulation in Eurasia by the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model from CMIP5 to CMIP6, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 237-252.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-0167-7
    [8] Qin XU, Binbin ZHOU, 2003: Retrieving Soil Water Contents from Soil Temperature Measurements by Using Linear Regression, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 849-858.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915509
    [9] Chujie GAO, Gen LI, 2023: Enhanced Seasonal Predictability of Spring Soil Moisture over the Indo-China Peninsula for Eastern China Summer Precipitation under Non-ENSO Conditions, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 1632-1648.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2361-x
    [10] Minwei Qian, N. Loglisci, C. Cassardo, A. Longhetto, C. Giraud, 2001: Energy and Water Balance at Soil-Air Interface in a Sahelian Region, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 897-909.
    [11] Xie Zhenghui, Dai Yongjiu, Zeng Qingcun, 1999: An Unsaturated Soil Water Flow Problem and Its Numerical Simulation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 16, 183-196.  doi: 10.1007/BF02973081
    [12] ZHANG Xia, SUN Shufen, 2011: The Impact of Soil Freezing/Thawing Processes on Water and Energy Balances, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 169-177.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-9206-0
    [13] GUAN Xiaodan, HUANG Jianping, GUO Ni, BI Jianrong, WANG Guoyin, 2009: Variability of Soil Moisture and Its Relationship with Surface Albedo and Soil Thermal Parameters over the Loess Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 692-700.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8198-0
    [14] LIU Huizhi, WANG Baomin, FU Congbin, 2008: Relationships Between Surface Albedo, Soil Thermal Parameters and Soil Moisture in the Semi-arid Area of Tongyu, Northeastern China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 757-764.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0757-2
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 March 2006
    Manuscript revised: 10 March 2006
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Soil Moisture Retrieval from Satellite Images and Its Application to Heavy Rainfall Simulation in Eastern China

    • 1. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093
    • Manuscript received: 2006-03-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2006-03-10

    Abstract: The soil water index (SWI) from satellite remote sensing and the observational soil moisture from agricultural meteorological stations in eastern China are used to retrieve soil moisture. The analysis of correlation coefficient (CORR), root-mean-square-error (RMSE) and bias (BIAS) shows that the retrieved soil moisture is convincible and close to the observation. The method can overcome the difficulties in soil moisture observation on a large scale and the retrieved soil moisture may reflect the distribution of the real soil moisture objectively. The retrieved soil moisture is used as an initial scheme to replace initial conditions of soil moisture (NCEP) in the model MM5V3 to simulate the heavy rainfall in 1998. Three heavy rainfall processes during 13–14 June, 18–22 June, and 21–26 July 1998 in the Yangtze River valley are analyzed. The first two processes show that the intensity and location of simulated precipitation from SWI are better than those from NCEP and closer to the observed values. The simulated heavy rainfall for 21–26 July shows that the update of soil moisture initial conditions can improve the model’s performance. The relationship between soil moisture and rainfall may explain that the stronger rainfall intensity for SWI in the Yangtze River valley is the result of the greater simulated soil moisture from SWI prior to the heavy rainfall date than that from NCEP, and leads to the decline of temperature in the corresponding area in the heavy rainfall days. Detailed analysis of the heavy rainfall on 13–14 June shows that both land-atmosphere interactions and atmospheric circulation were responsible for the heavy rainfall, and it shows how the SWI simulation improves the simulation. The development of mesoscale systems plays an important role in the simulation regarding the change of initial soil moisture for SWI.

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