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Volume 23 Issue 3

May  2006

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2006 >  23(3): 365-374

Turbulent Variance Characteristics of Temperature and Humidity over a Non-uniform Land Surface for an Agricultural Ecosystem in China

  • 1.

    Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,Guangzhou Central Meteorological Observatory, Guangzhou 510080,International CLIVAR Project Office, Southampton Oceanography Centre, Southampton, U.K.,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081


doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0365-y

  • This paper describes the application of the variance method for flux estimation over a mixed agricultural region in China. Eddy covariance and flux variance measurements were conducted in a near-surface layer over a non-uniform land surface in the central plain of China from 7 June to 20 July 2002. During this period, the mean canopy height was about 0.50 m. The study site consisted of grass (10% of area), beans (15%), corn (15%) and rice (60%). Under unstable conditions, the standard deviations of temperature and water vapor density (normalized by appropriate scaling parameters), observed by a single instrument, followed the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. The similarity constants for heat (CT ) and water vapor (Cq) were 1.09 and 1.49, respectively. In comparison with direct measurements using eddy covariance techniques, the flux variance method, on average, underestimated sensible heat flux by 21% and latent heat flux by 24%, which may be attributed to the fact that the observed slight deviations (20% or 30% at most) of the similarity “constants” may be within the expected range of variation of a single instrument from the generally-valid relations.
  • [1] ZHUO Jinqing, HUANG Jianping, WANG Jiemin, ZHANG Wu, BI Jianrong, WANG Guoyin, LI Weijing, FU Peijian, 2009: Surface Turbulent Flux Measurements over the Loess Plateau for a Semi-Arid Climate Change Study, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 679-691.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8188-2
    [2] Fangyuan CHENG, Qinghua YANG, Changwei LIU, Bo HAN, Shijie PENG, Guanghua HAO, 2023: Evaluating Parameterizations for Turbulent Fluxes over the Landfast Sea-Ice Surface in Prydz Bay, Antarctica, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 1816-1832.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2299-z
    [3] Zhilin ZHU, Xinzhai TANG, Fenghua ZHAO, 2020: Comparison of Ozone Fluxes over a Maize Field Measured with Gradient Methods and the Eddy Covariance Technique, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 586-596.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-9217-4
    [4] LIU Huizhi, TU Gang, FU Congbin, SHI Liqing, 2008: Three-year Variations of Water, Energy and CO$_2$ Fluxes of Cropland and Degraded Grassland Surfaces in a Semi-arid Area of Northeastern China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 1009-1020.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-1009-1
    [5] WANG Shaoying, ZHANG Yu, LU Shihua, LIU Heping, SHANG Lunyu, 2013: Estimation of Turbulent Fluxes Using the Flux-Variance Method over an Alpine Meadow Surface in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 411-424.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2056-1
    [6] Lang ZHANG, Yaoming MA, Weiqiang MA, Binbin WANG, 2018: Comparison of Different Generation Mechanisms of Free Convection between Two Stations on the Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 1137-1144.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-018-7195-6
    [7] Yamei SHAO, Huizhi LIU, Qun DU, Yang LIU, Jihua SUN, Yaohui LI, Jinlian LI, 2024: Impact of Sky Conditions on Net Ecosystem Productivity over a “Floating Blanket” Wetland in Southwest China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 41, 355-368.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-3013-x
    [8] MAO Jiafu, WANG Bin, DAI Yongjiu, P. J. HANSON, M. R. LOMAS, 2007: Improvements of a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model and Simulations of Carbon and Water at an Upland-Oak Forest, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 311-322.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0311-7
    [9] Danrui Sheng, Xianhong Meng, Shaoying Wang, Pengfei Xu, Xiaohu Wen, Zhaoguo Li, Lunyu Shang, Hao Chen, Lin Zhao, Mingshan Deng, Hanlin Niu, 2024: Spatio-temporal variability and environmental controls of temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration across the Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-024-3167-1
    [10] Heping LIU, 2009: A Re-examination of Density Effects in Eddy Covariance Measurements of CO2 Fluxes, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 9-16.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0009-0
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    [12] Nan GE, Lei ZHONG, Yaoming MA, Yunfei FU, Mijun ZOU, Meilin CHENG, Xian WANG, Ziyu HUANG, 2021: Estimations of Land Surface Characteristic Parameters and Turbulent Heat Fluxes over the Tibetan Plateau Based on FY-4A/AGRI Data, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-0169-5
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    [18] Chengyan LIU, Zhaomin WANG, Bingrui LI, Chen CHENG, Ruibin XIA, 2017: On the Response of Subduction in the South Pacific to an Intensification of Westerlies and Heat Flux in an Eddy Permitting Ocean Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 521-531.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-6021-2
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    [20] Sang-Hyun LEE, Jun-Ho LEE, Bo-Young KIM, 2015: Estimation of Turbulent Sensible Heat and Momentum Fluxes over a Heterogeneous Urban Area Using a Large Aperture Scintillometer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 1092-1105.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4236-2
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 May 2006
    Manuscript revised: 10 May 2006
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Turbulent Variance Characteristics of Temperature and Humidity over a Non-uniform Land Surface for an Agricultural Ecosystem in China

    • 1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,Guangzhou Central Meteorological Observatory, Guangzhou 510080,International CLIVAR Project Office, Southampton Oceanography Centre, Southampton, U.K.,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081
    • Manuscript received: 2006-05-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2006-05-10

    Abstract: This paper describes the application of the variance method for flux estimation over a mixed agricultural region in China. Eddy covariance and flux variance measurements were conducted in a near-surface layer over a non-uniform land surface in the central plain of China from 7 June to 20 July 2002. During this period, the mean canopy height was about 0.50 m. The study site consisted of grass (10% of area), beans (15%), corn (15%) and rice (60%). Under unstable conditions, the standard deviations of temperature and water vapor density (normalized by appropriate scaling parameters), observed by a single instrument, followed the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. The similarity constants for heat (CT ) and water vapor (Cq) were 1.09 and 1.49, respectively. In comparison with direct measurements using eddy covariance techniques, the flux variance method, on average, underestimated sensible heat flux by 21% and latent heat flux by 24%, which may be attributed to the fact that the observed slight deviations (20% or 30% at most) of the similarity “constants” may be within the expected range of variation of a single instrument from the generally-valid relations.

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