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Volume 24 Issue 5

Sep.  2007

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2007 >  24(5): 739-749

Impacts of Systematic Precipitation Bias on Simulations of Water and Energy Balances in Northwest America

  • 1.

    Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Program and NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA,State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081


doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0739-9

  • At high latitudes and in mountainous areas, evaluation and validation of water and energy flux simulations are greatly affected by systematic precipitation errors. These errors mainly come from topographic effects and undercatch of precipitation gauges. In this study, the Land Dynamics (LaD) land surface model is used to investigate impacts of systematic precipitation bias from topography and wind-blowing on water and energy flux simulation in Northwest America. The results show that topographic and wind adjustment reduced bias of streamflow simulations when compared with observed streamflow at 14 basins. These systematic biases resulted in a -50%--100% bias for runoff simulations, a -20%--20% bias for evapotranspiration, and a -40%--40% bias for sensible heat flux, subject to different locations and adjustments, when compared with the control run. Uncertain gauge adjustment leads to a 25% uncertainty for precipitation, a 20%--100% uncertainty for runoff simulation, a less-than-10% uncertainty for evapotranspiration, and a less-than-20% uncertainty for sensible heat flux.
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 September 2007
    Manuscript revised: 10 September 2007
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Impacts of Systematic Precipitation Bias on Simulations of Water and Energy Balances in Northwest America

    • 1. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Program and NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA,State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081
    • Manuscript received: 2007-09-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2007-09-10

    Abstract: At high latitudes and in mountainous areas, evaluation and validation of water and energy flux simulations are greatly affected by systematic precipitation errors. These errors mainly come from topographic effects and undercatch of precipitation gauges. In this study, the Land Dynamics (LaD) land surface model is used to investigate impacts of systematic precipitation bias from topography and wind-blowing on water and energy flux simulation in Northwest America. The results show that topographic and wind adjustment reduced bias of streamflow simulations when compared with observed streamflow at 14 basins. These systematic biases resulted in a -50%--100% bias for runoff simulations, a -20%--20% bias for evapotranspiration, and a -40%--40% bias for sensible heat flux, subject to different locations and adjustments, when compared with the control run. Uncertain gauge adjustment leads to a 25% uncertainty for precipitation, a 20%--100% uncertainty for runoff simulation, a less-than-10% uncertainty for evapotranspiration, and a less-than-20% uncertainty for sensible heat flux.

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