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Volume 25 Issue 2

Mar.  2008

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2008 >  25(2): 279-296

Effects of Intraseasonal Oscillation on the Anomalous East Asian Summer Monsoon During 1999

  • 1.

    Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081;Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081


doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0279-y

  • The 1999 East Asian summer monsoon was very unusual for its weak northward advance and remarkably anomalous climate conditions. The monsoonal southwesterly airflow and related rain belt in East Asia were blocked south of the Yangtze River Valley. The monsoonal airflow and major moisture transport conduct shifted eastward and turned northward to Japan from the tropical western Pacific rather than to East China from the South China Sea (SCS) as in normal years. Severe and prolonged drought occurred over extensive areas of North China and heavy precipitation in South China and Japan. The investigation on the possible intrinsic mechanisms related to such an anomalous monsoon year has shown that the unique behavior of intraseasonal oscillation may play an essential role during this process. During this year, the northward propagation of 30--60-day anomalous low-level cyclone/anticyclone collapsed in the region around 20N and did not extend beyond the latitudes of the Yangtze River basin due to the barrier of strong cold air intrusion from the mid-latitudes. The southwesterly moisture flux on the northwestern flank of the anticyclonic moisture transport system in the western North Pacific, which was regulated by the northward shift of 30--60-day cyclonic/anticyclonic moisture transport, also did not reach the region north of 30N as well. Under this circumstance, the weak northward advance of the monsoon westerlies and associated northward moisture transport could not arrive in North China and led to the severe droughts there in 1999. The SCS and South China were mostly affected by the airflow in the southern and northern flanks of the same 30--60-day cyclones or anticyclones, respectively, and thus controlled by the nearly reverse zonal wind and moisture convergent/divergent conditions. The rainfall in the SCS and South China showed out-of-phase oscillation through the transient local Hadley circulation, with the rainfall maximum occurring in the SCS (South China) when the 30--60-day anticyclone (cyclone) reached its peak phase.
  • [1] SUN Li, SHEN Baizhu, GAO Zongting, SUI Bo, Lesheng BAI, Sheng-Hung WANG, AN Gang, LI Jian, 2007: The Impacts of Moisture Transport of East Asian Monsoon on Summer Precipitation in Northeast China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 606-618.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0606-8
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    [3] HE Jinhai, SUN Chenghu, LIU Yunyun, Jun MATSUMOTO, LI Weijing, 2007: Seasonal Transition Features of Large-Scale Moisture Transport in the Asian-Australian Monsoon Region, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 1-14.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0001-5
    [4] Lixia ZHANG, Dan ZHAO, Tianjun ZHOU, Dongdong PENG, Chan XIAO, 2021: Moisture Origins and Transport Processes for the 2020 Yangtze River Valley Record-Breaking Mei-yu Rainfall, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 2125-2136.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1097-8
    [5] Linhao ZHONG, Lijuan HUA, Zhaohui GONG, Yao YAO, Lin MU, 2022: Quantifying the Spatial Characteristics of the Moisture Transport Affecting Precipitation Seasonality and Recycling Variability in Central Asia, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 967-984.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1383-5
    [6] Irina V. GORODETSKAYA, Tiago SILVA, Holger SCHMITHÜSEN, Naohiko HIRASAWA, 2020: Atmospheric River Signatures in Radiosonde Profiles and Reanalyses at the Dronning Maud Land Coast, East Antarctica, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 455-476.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-9221-8
    [7] SUN Li, SHEN Baizhu, SUI Bo, 2010: A Study on Water Vapor Transport and Budget of Heavy Rain in Northeast China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 1399-1414.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-9087-2
    [8] Zhiyan ZUO, Renhe ZHANG, 2016: Influence of Soil Moisture in Eastern China on the East Asian Summer Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 33, 151-163.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-5024-8
    [9] LU Riyu*, DONG Huilin, SU Qin, and Hui DING, 2014: The 30-60-day Intraseasonal Oscillations over the Subtropical Western North Pacific during the Summer of 1998, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 1-7.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3019-x
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 March 2008
    Manuscript revised: 10 March 2008
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Effects of Intraseasonal Oscillation on the Anomalous East Asian Summer Monsoon During 1999

    • 1. Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081;Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081
    • Manuscript received: 2008-03-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2008-03-10

    Abstract: The 1999 East Asian summer monsoon was very unusual for its weak northward advance and remarkably anomalous climate conditions. The monsoonal southwesterly airflow and related rain belt in East Asia were blocked south of the Yangtze River Valley. The monsoonal airflow and major moisture transport conduct shifted eastward and turned northward to Japan from the tropical western Pacific rather than to East China from the South China Sea (SCS) as in normal years. Severe and prolonged drought occurred over extensive areas of North China and heavy precipitation in South China and Japan. The investigation on the possible intrinsic mechanisms related to such an anomalous monsoon year has shown that the unique behavior of intraseasonal oscillation may play an essential role during this process. During this year, the northward propagation of 30--60-day anomalous low-level cyclone/anticyclone collapsed in the region around 20N and did not extend beyond the latitudes of the Yangtze River basin due to the barrier of strong cold air intrusion from the mid-latitudes. The southwesterly moisture flux on the northwestern flank of the anticyclonic moisture transport system in the western North Pacific, which was regulated by the northward shift of 30--60-day cyclonic/anticyclonic moisture transport, also did not reach the region north of 30N as well. Under this circumstance, the weak northward advance of the monsoon westerlies and associated northward moisture transport could not arrive in North China and led to the severe droughts there in 1999. The SCS and South China were mostly affected by the airflow in the southern and northern flanks of the same 30--60-day cyclones or anticyclones, respectively, and thus controlled by the nearly reverse zonal wind and moisture convergent/divergent conditions. The rainfall in the SCS and South China showed out-of-phase oscillation through the transient local Hadley circulation, with the rainfall maximum occurring in the SCS (South China) when the 30--60-day anticyclone (cyclone) reached its peak phase.

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