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Volume 26 Issue 1

Jan.  2009

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2009 >  26(1): 180-190

The Characteristics and Parameterization of Aerodynamic Roughness Length over Heterogeneous Surfaces

  • 1.

    State key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875; Meteorological Information Center of Beijing, Beijing Meteorological Bureau, Beijing 100089;State key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;State key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085;Department of Environment Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871;Alterra Green World Research Institute, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands;Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000


doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0180-3

  • Aerodynamic roughness length (z0m is a key factor in surface flux estimations with remote sensing algorithms and/or land surface models. This paper calculates z0m over several land surfaces, with 3 years of experimental data from Xiaotangshan. The results show that z0m is direction-dependent, mainly due to the heterogeneity of the size and spatial distribution of the roughness elements inside the source area along different wind directions. Furthermore, a heuristic parameterization of the aerodynamic roughness length for heterogeneous surfaces is proposed. Individual z0m over each surface component (patch) is calculated firstly with the characteristic parameters of the roughness elements (vegetation height, leaf area index, etc.), then z0m over the whole experimental field is aggregated, using the footprint weighting method.
  • [1] GUO Xiaofeng, CAI Xuhui, 2005: Footprint Characteristics of Scalar Concentration in the Convective Boundary Layer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 821-830.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918682
    [2] PENG Guliang, CAI Xuhui, ZHANG Hongsheng, LI Aiguo, HU Fei, Monique Y. LECLERC, 2008: Heat Flux Apportionment to Heterogeneous Surfaces\\[.1cm] Using Flux Footprint Analysis, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 107-116.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0107-4
    [3] ZHONG Zhong, ZHAO Ming, SU Bingkai, TANG Jianping, 2003: On the Determination and Characteristics of Effective Roughness Length for Heterogeneous Terrain, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 71-76.  doi: 10.1007/BF03342051
    [4] GAO Zhqiiu, Qing WANG, ZHOU Mingyu, 2009: Wave-Dependence of Friction Velocity, Roughness Length, and Drag Coefficient over Coastal and Open Water Surfaces by Using Three Databases, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 887-894.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8130-7
    [5] MA Yaoming, Massimo MENENTI, Reinder FEDDES, 2010: Parameterization of Heat Fluxes at Heterogeneous Surfaces by Integrating Satellite Measurements with Surface Layer and Atmospheric Boundary Layer Observations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 328-336.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9024-4
    [6] Congbin FU, 2017: From Climate to Global Change: Following the Footprint of Prof. Duzheng YE's Research, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 1159-1168.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-6300-6
    [7] DENG Huiping, SUN Shufen, 2010: Extension of TOPMODEL Applications to the Heterogeneous Land Surface, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 164-176.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8146-z
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    [14] LIU Huizhi, TU Gang, FU Congbin, SHI Liqing, 2008: Three-year Variations of Water, Energy and CO$_2$ Fluxes of Cropland and Degraded Grassland Surfaces in a Semi-arid Area of Northeastern China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 1009-1020.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-1009-1
    [15] ZENG Zhihua, Yuqing WANG, DUAN Yihong, CHEN Lianshou, GAO Zhiqiu, 2010: On Sea Surface Roughness Parameterization and Its Effect on Tropical Cyclone Structure and Intensity, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 337-355.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8209-1
    [16] Liu Jingmiao, Ding Yuguo, Zhou Xiuji, Wang Jijun, 2002: Land Surface Hydrology Parameterization over Heterogeneous Surface for the Study of Regional Mean Runoff Ratio with Its Simulations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 19, 89-102.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-002-0036-6
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 January 2009
    Manuscript revised: 10 January 2009
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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    The Characteristics and Parameterization of Aerodynamic Roughness Length over Heterogeneous Surfaces

    • 1. State key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875; Meteorological Information Center of Beijing, Beijing Meteorological Bureau, Beijing 100089;State key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;State key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085;Department of Environment Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871;Alterra Green World Research Institute, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands;Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000
    • Manuscript received: 2009-01-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2009-01-10

    Abstract: Aerodynamic roughness length (z0m is a key factor in surface flux estimations with remote sensing algorithms and/or land surface models. This paper calculates z0m over several land surfaces, with 3 years of experimental data from Xiaotangshan. The results show that z0m is direction-dependent, mainly due to the heterogeneity of the size and spatial distribution of the roughness elements inside the source area along different wind directions. Furthermore, a heuristic parameterization of the aerodynamic roughness length for heterogeneous surfaces is proposed. Individual z0m over each surface component (patch) is calculated firstly with the characteristic parameters of the roughness elements (vegetation height, leaf area index, etc.), then z0m over the whole experimental field is aggregated, using the footprint weighting method.

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