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Volume 26 Issue 2

Mar.  2009

Article Contents
Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2009 >  26(2): 202-210

Cluster Analysis of Tropical Cyclones Making Landfall on the Korean Peninsula

  • 1.

    National Institute of Meteorological Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea;National Institute of Meteorological Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea;National Institute of Meteorological Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea;Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul, Republic of Korea


doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-0202-1

  • Cluster analysis has been performed on the tracks of 51 Tropical Cyclones (TCs) that made landfall on the Korean Peninsula (KP) for the period of 1951--2004. The classification technique of the landfalling tracks used in this study was the fuzzy clustering method (FCM) and the resultant silhouette coefficient suggested four clusters as an optimal cluster number. Most TCs of Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 (C-23) tended to pass through mainland China before landfall, but those of Cluster 1 and Cluster 4 (C-14) tended to mostly land after moving northward from the East China Sea (ECS) without passing over mainland China. The TC landfalling frequency of C-14 has begun to clearly increase since the late 1980s, particularly the maximum landfalling frequency in the early 2000s set a record for the 54-year analysis period. The ridge axis of the western North Pacific high (WNPH) of C-23 bends more equatorward than that of C-14, so that the monsoon trough of C-23 is located more equatorward than that of C-14. As a consequence, most TCs of C-23 tend to recurve inland of China, but over the ECS for C-14.
  • [1] HUANG Wei, LIANG Xudong, 2010: Convective Asymmetries Associated with Tropical Cyclone Landfall: beta-Plane Simulations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 795-806.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9086-3
    [2] K. C. SZETO, Johnny C. L. CHAN, 2010: Structural Changes of a Tropical Cyclone during Landfall: β-plane Simulations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 1143-1150.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9136-x
    [3] TANG Xiaodong, TAN Zhemin, 2006: Boundary-Layer Wind Structure in a Landfalling Tropical Cyclone, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 737-749.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0737-3
    [4] Lei WANG, Guanghua CHEN, 2018: Impact of the Spring SST Gradient between the Tropical Indian Ocean and Western Pacific on Landfalling Tropical Cyclone Frequency in China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 682-688.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-7078-2
    [5] Xingyan ZHOU, Riyu LU, Guanghua CHEN, 2018: Impact of Interannual Variation of Synoptic Disturbances on the Tracks and Landfalls of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 1469-1477.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-018-8055-0
    [6] QIN Xiaohao, MU Mu, 2014: Can Adaptive Observations Improve Tropical Cyclone Intensity Forecasts?, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 252-262.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3008-0
    [7] HUANG Hong, JIANG Yongqiang, CHEN Zhongyi, LUO Jian, WANG Xuezhong, 2014: Effect of Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Instability on the Evolution of Spiral Bands, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 1090-1100.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-3108-5
    [8] Chang-Hoi HO, Joo-Hong KIM, Hyeong-Seog KIM, Woosuk CHOI, Min-Hee LEE, Hee-Dong YOO, Tae-Ryong KIM, Sangwook PARK, 2013: Technical Note on a Track-pattern-based Model for Predicting Seasonal Tropical Cyclone Activity over the Western North Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 1260-1274.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2237-6
    [9] YUE Caijun, GAO Shouting, LIU Lu, LI Xiaofan, 2015: A Diagnostic Study of the Asymmetric Distribution of Rainfall during the Landfall of Typhoon Haitang (2005), ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 1419-1430.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4246-0
    [10] MA Zhanhong, FEI Jianfang, HUANG Xiaogang, CHENG Xiaoping, 2014: Impacts of the Lowest Model Level Height on Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Structure, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 421-434.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3044-9
    [11] GAO Feng*, Peter P. CHILDS, Xiang-Yu HUANG, Neil A. JACOBS, and Jinzhong MIN, 2014: A Relocation-based Initialization Scheme to Improve Track-forecasting of Tropical Cyclones, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 27-36.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2254-5
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    [13] LU Riyu, LI Ying, Buwen DONG, 2007: Arctic Oscillation and Antarctic Oscillation in Internal Atmospheric Variability with an Ensemble AGCM Simulation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 152-162.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0152-4
    [14] SUN Jianqi, Joong Bae AHN, 2011: A GCM-Based Forecasting Model for the Landfall of Tropical Cyclones in China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1049-1055.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-0122-8
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    [17] Ting CHEN, Shumin CHEN, Mingsen ZHOU, Chaoyong TU, Aoqi ZHANG, Yilun CHEN, Weibiao LI, 2022: Northward Shift in Landfall Locations of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific during the Last Four Decades, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 304-319.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1077-z
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 March 2009
    Manuscript revised: 10 March 2009
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Cluster Analysis of Tropical Cyclones Making Landfall on the Korean Peninsula

    • 1. National Institute of Meteorological Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea;National Institute of Meteorological Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea;National Institute of Meteorological Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea;Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul, Republic of Korea
    • Manuscript received: 2009-03-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2009-03-10

    Abstract: Cluster analysis has been performed on the tracks of 51 Tropical Cyclones (TCs) that made landfall on the Korean Peninsula (KP) for the period of 1951--2004. The classification technique of the landfalling tracks used in this study was the fuzzy clustering method (FCM) and the resultant silhouette coefficient suggested four clusters as an optimal cluster number. Most TCs of Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 (C-23) tended to pass through mainland China before landfall, but those of Cluster 1 and Cluster 4 (C-14) tended to mostly land after moving northward from the East China Sea (ECS) without passing over mainland China. The TC landfalling frequency of C-14 has begun to clearly increase since the late 1980s, particularly the maximum landfalling frequency in the early 2000s set a record for the 54-year analysis period. The ridge axis of the western North Pacific high (WNPH) of C-23 bends more equatorward than that of C-14, so that the monsoon trough of C-23 is located more equatorward than that of C-14. As a consequence, most TCs of C-23 tend to recurve inland of China, but over the ECS for C-14.

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