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Volume 26 Issue 5

Sep.  2009

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2009 >  26(5): 984-994

Beta Gyre in the Global Analysis Fields

  • 1.

    Department of Atmospheric Sciences/Typhoon Research Center, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnam, 314-701 Korea,Department of Atmospheric Sciences/Typhoon Research Center, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnam, 314-701 Korea,Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA


doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8109-4

  • A three-component decomposition is applied to global analysis data to show the existence of a beta gyre, which causes Tropical Cyclone (TC) to drift from a large-scale environmental steering current. Analyses from the Global Data Assimilation and Prediction System (GDAPS) of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), the Global Forecast System (GFS) of NCEP, and the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) are used in this study. The structure of the beta gyre obtained in our analyses is in good agreement with the theoretical structure, with a cyclonic circulation to the southwest of the TC center, an anticyclonic circulation to the northeast, and a ventilation flow directed northwestward near the center. The circulation of the beta gyre is strongest at the 850-hPa level where the cyclonically swirling primary circulation is strongest, and decreases with height, in a pyramid shape similar to the primary circulation. The individual structure of the beta gyre is case- and model-dependent. At a certain analysis time, one model may clearly reveal a well-defined beta gyre, but the other models may not. Within one model, the beta gyre may be well defined at some analysis times, but not at other times. The structure of the beta gyre in the analysis field is determined by the nature of the vortex initialization scheme and the model behavior during the 6-h forecast in the operational data assimilation cycle.
  • [1] HUANG Hong, JIANG Yongqiang, CHEN Zhongyi, LUO Jian, WANG Xuezhong, 2014: Effect of Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Instability on the Evolution of Spiral Bands, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 1090-1100.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-3108-5
    [2] QIN Xiaohao, MU Mu, 2014: Can Adaptive Observations Improve Tropical Cyclone Intensity Forecasts?, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 252-262.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3008-0
    [3] Chang-Hoi HO, Joo-Hong KIM, Hyeong-Seog KIM, Woosuk CHOI, Min-Hee LEE, Hee-Dong YOO, Tae-Ryong KIM, Sangwook PARK, 2013: Technical Note on a Track-pattern-based Model for Predicting Seasonal Tropical Cyclone Activity over the Western North Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 1260-1274.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2237-6
    [4] MA Zhanhong, FEI Jianfang, HUANG Xiaogang, CHENG Xiaoping, 2014: Impacts of the Lowest Model Level Height on Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Structure, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 421-434.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3044-9
    [5] Tian Yongxiang, Luo Zhexian, 1994: Vertical Structure of Beta Gyres and Its Effect on Tropical Cyclone Motion, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 11, 43-50.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656992
    [6] GAO Feng*, Peter P. CHILDS, Xiang-Yu HUANG, Neil A. JACOBS, and Jinzhong MIN, 2014: A Relocation-based Initialization Scheme to Improve Track-forecasting of Tropical Cyclones, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 27-36.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2254-5
    [7] HUANG Wei, LIANG Xudong, 2010: Convective Asymmetries Associated with Tropical Cyclone Landfall: beta-Plane Simulations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 795-806.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9086-3
    [8] Yan ZHENG, Liguang WU, Haikun ZHAO, Xingyang ZHOU, Qingyuan LIU, 2020: Simulation of Extreme Updrafts in the Tropical Cyclone Eyewall, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 781-792.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-9197-4
    [9] Meng Zhiyong, Chen Lianshou, Xu Xiangde, 2002: Recent Progress on Tropical Cyclone Research in China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 19, 103-110.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-002-0037-5
    [10] P. VINAY KUMAR, Gopa DUTTA, M.V. RATNAM, E. KRISHNA, B. BAPIRAJU, B. Venkateswara RAO, Salauddin MOHAMMAD, 2016: Impact of Cyclone Nilam on Tropical Lower Atmospheric Dynamics, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 33, 955-968.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5285-x
    [11] Kelvin T. F. CHAN, Johnny C. L. CHAN, 2016: Sensitivity of the Simulation of Tropical Cyclone Size to Microphysics Schemes, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 33, 1024-1035.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5183-2
    [12] Zhehan CHEN, Qingqing LI, 2021: Re-examining Tropical Cyclone Fullness Using Aircraft Reconnaissance Data, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 1596-1607.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-0282-0
    [13] ZENG Zhihua, Yuqing WANG, DUAN Yihong, CHEN Lianshou, GAO Zhiqiu, 2010: On Sea Surface Roughness Parameterization and Its Effect on Tropical Cyclone Structure and Intensity, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 337-355.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8209-1
    [14] GE Xuyang, MA Yue, ZHOU Shunwu, Tim LI, 2014: Impacts of the Diurnal Cycle of Radiation on Tropical Cyclone Intensification and Structure, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 1377-1385.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-4060-0
    [15] Chenxi WANG, Zhihua ZENG, Ming YING, 2020: Uncertainty in Tropical Cyclone Intensity Predictions due to Uncertainty in Initial Conditions, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 278-290.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-019-9126-6
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 September 2009
    Manuscript revised: 10 September 2009
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Beta Gyre in the Global Analysis Fields

    • 1. Department of Atmospheric Sciences/Typhoon Research Center, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnam, 314-701 Korea,Department of Atmospheric Sciences/Typhoon Research Center, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnam, 314-701 Korea,Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA
    • Manuscript received: 2009-09-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2009-09-10

    Abstract: A three-component decomposition is applied to global analysis data to show the existence of a beta gyre, which causes Tropical Cyclone (TC) to drift from a large-scale environmental steering current. Analyses from the Global Data Assimilation and Prediction System (GDAPS) of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), the Global Forecast System (GFS) of NCEP, and the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) are used in this study. The structure of the beta gyre obtained in our analyses is in good agreement with the theoretical structure, with a cyclonic circulation to the southwest of the TC center, an anticyclonic circulation to the northeast, and a ventilation flow directed northwestward near the center. The circulation of the beta gyre is strongest at the 850-hPa level where the cyclonically swirling primary circulation is strongest, and decreases with height, in a pyramid shape similar to the primary circulation. The individual structure of the beta gyre is case- and model-dependent. At a certain analysis time, one model may clearly reveal a well-defined beta gyre, but the other models may not. Within one model, the beta gyre may be well defined at some analysis times, but not at other times. The structure of the beta gyre in the analysis field is determined by the nature of the vortex initialization scheme and the model behavior during the 6-h forecast in the operational data assimilation cycle.

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