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Water Vapor, Cloud, and Surface Rainfall Budgets Associated with the Landfall of Typhoon Krosa (2007): A Two-Dimensional Cloud-Resolving Modeling Study


doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8135-2

  • Water vapor, cloud, and surface rainfall budgets associated with the landfall of Typhoon Krosa on 6--8 October 2007 are analyzed based on a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulation. The model is integrated with imposed zonally-uniform vertical velocity, zonal wind, horizontal temperature, and vapor advection from NCEP/Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) data. The simulation data that are validated with observations are examined to study physical causes associated with surface rainfall processes during the landfall. The time- and domain-mean analysis shows that when Krosa approached the eastern coast of China on 6 October, the water vapor convergence over land caused a local atmospheric moistening and a net condensation that further produced surface rainfall and an increase of cloud hydrometeor concentration. Meanwhile, latent heating was balanced by advective cooling and a local atmospheric warming. One day later, the enhancement of net condensation led to an increase of surface rainfall and a local atmospheric drying, while the water vapor convergence weakened as a result of the landfall-induced deprivation of water vapor flux. At the same time, the latent heating is mainly compensated the advective cooling. Further weakening of vapor convergence on 8 October enhanced the local atmospheric drying while the net condensation and associated surface rainfall was maintained. The latent heating is balanced by advective cooling and a local atmospheric cooling.
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Manuscript History

Manuscript received: 10 November 2009
Manuscript revised: 10 November 2009
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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Water Vapor, Cloud, and Surface Rainfall Budgets Associated with the Landfall of Typhoon Krosa (2007): A Two-Dimensional Cloud-Resolving Modeling Study

  • 1. Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai 200030, Laboratory of Typhoon Forecast Technique/China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai 200030,School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044,Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation and NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research Camp Springs, Maryland, USA

Abstract: Water vapor, cloud, and surface rainfall budgets associated with the landfall of Typhoon Krosa on 6--8 October 2007 are analyzed based on a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulation. The model is integrated with imposed zonally-uniform vertical velocity, zonal wind, horizontal temperature, and vapor advection from NCEP/Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) data. The simulation data that are validated with observations are examined to study physical causes associated with surface rainfall processes during the landfall. The time- and domain-mean analysis shows that when Krosa approached the eastern coast of China on 6 October, the water vapor convergence over land caused a local atmospheric moistening and a net condensation that further produced surface rainfall and an increase of cloud hydrometeor concentration. Meanwhile, latent heating was balanced by advective cooling and a local atmospheric warming. One day later, the enhancement of net condensation led to an increase of surface rainfall and a local atmospheric drying, while the water vapor convergence weakened as a result of the landfall-induced deprivation of water vapor flux. At the same time, the latent heating is mainly compensated the advective cooling. Further weakening of vapor convergence on 8 October enhanced the local atmospheric drying while the net condensation and associated surface rainfall was maintained. The latent heating is balanced by advective cooling and a local atmospheric cooling.

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