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Volume 28 Issue 2

Mar.  2011

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2011 >  28(2): 408-420

Changes in Wind Speed and Extremes in Beijing during 1960--2008 Based on Homogenized Observations

  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Regional Climate--Environment in Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,Key Laboratory of Regional Climate--Environment in Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,Key Laboratory of Regional Climate--Environment in Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100089,Beijing Meteorological Bureau, Beijing 100089


doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-0018-z

  • Daily observations of wind speed at 12 stations in the Greater Beijing Area during 1960--2008 were homogenized using the Multiple Analysis of Series for Homogenization method. The linear trends in the regional mean annual and seasonal (winter, spring, summer and autumn) wind speed series were -0.26, -0.39, -0.30, -0.12 and -0.22 m s-1 (10 yr)-1, respectively. Winter showed the greatest magnitude in declining wind speed, followed by spring, autumn and summer. The annual and seasonal frequencies of wind speed extremes (days) also decreased, more prominently for winter than for the other seasons. The declining trends in wind speed and extremes were formed mainly by some rapid declines during the 1970s and 1980s. The maximum declining trend in wind speed occurred at Chaoyang (CY), a station within the central business district (CBD) of Beijing with the highest level of urbanization. The declining trends were in general smaller in magnitude away from the city center, except for the winter case in which the maximum declining trend shifted northeastward to rural Miyun (MY). The influence of urbanization on the annual wind speed was estimated to be about -0.05 m s-1 (10 yr)-1 during 1960--2008, accounting for around one fifth of the regional mean declining trend. The annual and seasonal geostrophic wind speeds around Beijing, based on daily mean sea level pressure (MSLP) from the ERA-40 reanalysis dataset, also exhibited decreasing trends, coincident with the results from site observations. A comparative analysis of the MSLP fields between 1966--1975 and 1992--2001 suggested that the influences of both the winter and summer monsoons on Beijing were weaker in the more recent of the two decades. It is suggested that the bulk of wind in Beijing is influenced considerably by urbanization, while changes in strong winds or wind speed extremes are prone to large-scale climate change in the region.
  • [1] LI Zhen, YAN Zhongwei, TU Kai, WU Hongyi, 2015: Changes of Precipitation and Extremes and the Possible Effect of Urbanization in the Beijing Metropolitan Region during 1960-2012 Based on Homogenized Observations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 1173-1185.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4257-x
    [2] Dan WANG, Aihui WANG, Xianghui KONG, 2021: Homogenization of the Daily Land Surface Temperature over the Mainland of China from 1960 through 2017, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 1811-1822.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1038-6
    [3] LI Zhen, YAN Zhongwei, 2010: Application of Multiple Analysis of Series for Homogenization to Beijing Daily Temperature Series (1960--2006), ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 777-787.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9052-0
    [4] HAN Zuoqiang, YAN Zhongwei*, LI Zhen, LIU Weidong, and WANG Yingchun, 2014: Impact of Urbanization on Low-Temperature Precipitation in Beijing during 19602008, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 48-56.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2211-3
    [5] Yi Lan, 1995: Characteristics of the Mean Water Vapor Transport over Monsoon Asia, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 12, 195-206.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656832
    [6] XUE Feng, ZENG Qingcun, HUANG Ronghui, LI Chongyin, LU Riyu, ZHOU Tianjun, 2015: Recent Advances in Monsoon Studies in China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 206-229.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-0015-8
    [7] GUO Yanjun, DING Yihui, 2011: Impacts of Reference Time Series on the Homogenization of Radiosonde Temperature, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1011-1022.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-9211-3
    [8] Zhen LI, Zhongwei YAN, Yani ZHU, Nicolas FREYCHET, Simon TETT, 2020: Homogenized Daily Relative Humidity Series in China during 1960−2017, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 318-327.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-9180-0
    [9] Meng YAN, Johnny C. L. CHAN, Kun ZHAO, 2020: Impacts of Urbanization on the Precipitation Characteristics in Guangdong Province, China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 696-706.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-9218-3
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 March 2011
    Manuscript revised: 10 March 2011
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Changes in Wind Speed and Extremes in Beijing during 1960--2008 Based on Homogenized Observations

    • 1. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate--Environment in Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,Key Laboratory of Regional Climate--Environment in Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,Key Laboratory of Regional Climate--Environment in Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100089,Beijing Meteorological Bureau, Beijing 100089
    • Manuscript received: 2011-03-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2011-03-10

    Abstract: Daily observations of wind speed at 12 stations in the Greater Beijing Area during 1960--2008 were homogenized using the Multiple Analysis of Series for Homogenization method. The linear trends in the regional mean annual and seasonal (winter, spring, summer and autumn) wind speed series were -0.26, -0.39, -0.30, -0.12 and -0.22 m s-1 (10 yr)-1, respectively. Winter showed the greatest magnitude in declining wind speed, followed by spring, autumn and summer. The annual and seasonal frequencies of wind speed extremes (days) also decreased, more prominently for winter than for the other seasons. The declining trends in wind speed and extremes were formed mainly by some rapid declines during the 1970s and 1980s. The maximum declining trend in wind speed occurred at Chaoyang (CY), a station within the central business district (CBD) of Beijing with the highest level of urbanization. The declining trends were in general smaller in magnitude away from the city center, except for the winter case in which the maximum declining trend shifted northeastward to rural Miyun (MY). The influence of urbanization on the annual wind speed was estimated to be about -0.05 m s-1 (10 yr)-1 during 1960--2008, accounting for around one fifth of the regional mean declining trend. The annual and seasonal geostrophic wind speeds around Beijing, based on daily mean sea level pressure (MSLP) from the ERA-40 reanalysis dataset, also exhibited decreasing trends, coincident with the results from site observations. A comparative analysis of the MSLP fields between 1966--1975 and 1992--2001 suggested that the influences of both the winter and summer monsoons on Beijing were weaker in the more recent of the two decades. It is suggested that the bulk of wind in Beijing is influenced considerably by urbanization, while changes in strong winds or wind speed extremes are prone to large-scale climate change in the region.

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