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Observational Evidence for Poleward Expansion of the Hadley Circulation


doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-0032-1

  • How the Hadley circulation changes in response to global climate change and how its change impacts upon regional and global climates has generated a lot of interest in the literature in the past few years. In this paper, consistent and statistically significant poleward expansion of the Hadley circulation in the past few decades is demonstrated, using independent observational datasets as proxy measures of the Hadley circulation. Both observational outgoing longwave radiation and precipitation datasets show an annual average total poleward expansion of the Hadley cells of about 3.6o latitude. Sea level pressure from observational and reanalysisdatasets show smaller magnitudes of poleward expansion, of about 1.2o latitude. Ensemble general circulation model simulations forced by observed time-varying sea surface temperatures were found to generate a total poleward expansion of about 1.23o latitude. Possible mechanisms behind the changes in the horizontal extent of the Hadley circulation are discussed.
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    [7] ZHANG Lixia* and ZHOU Tianjun, , 2014: An Assessment of Improvements in Global Monsoon Precipitation Simulation in FGOALS-s2, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 165-178.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2164-6
    [8] Botao ZHOU, Ying SHI, Ying XU, 2016: CMIP5 Simulated Change in the Intensity of the Hadley and Walker Circulations from the Perspective of Velocity Potential, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 33, 808-818.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5216-x
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    [10] Yating ZHAO, Ming XUE, Jing JIANG, Xiao-Ming HU, Anning HUANG, 2024: Assessment of Wet Season Precipitation in the Central United States by the Regional Climate Simulation of the WRFG Member in NARCCAP and Its Relationship with Large-Scale Circulation Biases, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 41, 619-638.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2353-x
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Manuscript History

Manuscript received: 10 January 2011
Manuscript revised: 10 January 2011
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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Observational Evidence for Poleward Expansion of the Hadley Circulation

  • 1. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871,Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871,State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Beijing 100029

Abstract: How the Hadley circulation changes in response to global climate change and how its change impacts upon regional and global climates has generated a lot of interest in the literature in the past few years. In this paper, consistent and statistically significant poleward expansion of the Hadley circulation in the past few decades is demonstrated, using independent observational datasets as proxy measures of the Hadley circulation. Both observational outgoing longwave radiation and precipitation datasets show an annual average total poleward expansion of the Hadley cells of about 3.6o latitude. Sea level pressure from observational and reanalysisdatasets show smaller magnitudes of poleward expansion, of about 1.2o latitude. Ensemble general circulation model simulations forced by observed time-varying sea surface temperatures were found to generate a total poleward expansion of about 1.23o latitude. Possible mechanisms behind the changes in the horizontal extent of the Hadley circulation are discussed.

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