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Volume 27 Issue 6

Nov.  2010

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2010 >  27(6): 1399-1414

A Study on Water Vapor Transport and Budget of Heavy Rain in Northeast China

  • 1.

    Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062,Wuhan Institute of Heavy Rain, Wuhan 430074, Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation Systems and East Asian Monsoon, Changchun 130062,Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation Systems and East Asian Monsoon, Changchun 130062,Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation Systemsand East Asian Monsoon, Changchun 130062


doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-9087-2

  • The characteristics of moisture transport and budget of widespread heavy rain and local heavy rain events in Northeast China are studied using the NCEP--NCAR reanalysis 6-hourly and daily data and daily precipitation data of 200 stations in Northeast China from 1961--2005. The results demonstrate that during periods with widespread heavy rain in Northeast China, the Asian monsoon is very active and the monsoonal northward moisture transport is strengthened significantly. The widespread heavy rainfall obtains enhanced water vapor supply from large regions where the water vapor mainly originates from the Asian monsoon areas, which include the East Asian subtropical monsoon area, the South China Sea, and the southeast and southwest tropical monsoon regions. There are several branches of monsoonal moisture current converging on East China and its coastal areas, where they are strengthened and then continue northward into Northeast China. Thus, the enhanced northward monsoonal moisture transport is the key to the widespread heavy rain in Northeast China. In contrast, local heavy rainfall in Northeast China derives water vapor from limited areas, transported by the westerlies. Local evaporation also plays an important role in the water vapor supply and local recycling process of moisture. In short, the widespread heavy rains of Northeast China are mainly caused by water vapor advection brought by the Asian monsoon, whereas local heavy rainfall is mainly caused by the convergence of the westerly wind field.
  • [1] SUN Li, SHEN Baizhu, GAO Zongting, SUI Bo, Lesheng BAI, Sheng-Hung WANG, AN Gang, LI Jian, 2007: The Impacts of Moisture Transport of East Asian Monsoon on Summer Precipitation in Northeast China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 606-618.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0606-8
    [2] DONG Haiping, ZHAO Sixiong, ZENG Qingcun, 2007: A Study of Influencing Systems and Moisture Budget in a Heavy Rainfall in Low Latitude Plateau in China during Early Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 485-502.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0485-z
    [3] HE Jinhai, SUN Chenghu, LIU Yunyun, Jun MATSUMOTO, LI Weijing, 2007: Seasonal Transition Features of Large-Scale Moisture Transport in the Asian-Australian Monsoon Region, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 1-14.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0001-5
    [4] Yizhe HAN, Dabang JIANG, Dong SI, Yaoming MA, Weiqiang MA, 2024: Time-lagged Effects of the Spring Atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibetan Plateau on Summer Precipitation in Northeast China during 1961–2020: Role of Soil Moisture, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2363-8
    [5] CHEN Wei, LU Riyu, 2014: The Interannual Variation in Monthly Temperature over Northeast China during Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 515-524.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3102-3
    [6] Lixia ZHANG, Dan ZHAO, Tianjun ZHOU, Dongdong PENG, Chan XIAO, 2021: Moisture Origins and Transport Processes for the 2020 Yangtze River Valley Record-Breaking Mei-yu Rainfall, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 2125-2136.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1097-8
    [7] Gudongze LI, Haoming CHEN, Mingyue XU, Chun ZHAO, Lei ZHONG, Rui LI, Yunfei FU, Yanhong GAO, 2022: Impacts of Topographic Complexity on Modeling Moisture Transport and Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau in Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 1151-1166.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-1409-7
    [8] Linhao ZHONG, Lijuan HUA, Zhaohui GONG, Yao YAO, Lin MU, 2022: Quantifying the Spatial Characteristics of the Moisture Transport Affecting Precipitation Seasonality and Recycling Variability in Central Asia, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 967-984.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1383-5
    [9] Huiyan XU, Xiaofan LI, Jinfang YIN, Dengrong ZHANG, 2023: Predecessor Rain Events in the Yangtze River Delta Region Associated with South China Sea and Northwest Pacific Ocean (SCS-WNPO) Tropical Cyclones, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 1021-1042.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2069-3
    [10] Xiaoli ZHOU, Wen ZHOU, Dongxiao WANG, Qiang XIE, Lei YANG, Qihua PENG, 2024: Westerlies Affecting the Seasonal Variation of Water Vapor Transport over the Tibetan Plateau Induced by Tropical Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 41, 881-893.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-3093-7
    [11] Xiaoling YANG, Botao ZHOU, Ying XU, Zhenyu HAN, 2023: CMIP6 Evaluation and Projection of Precipitation over Northern China: Further Investigation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 587-600.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2092-4
    [12] PENG Jing, DONG Wenjie, YUAN Wenping, ZHANG Yong, 2012: Responses of Grassland and Forest to Temperature and Precipitation Changes in Northeast China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 1063-1077.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1172-2
    [13] SUN Ying, DING Yihui, 2008: Effects of Intraseasonal Oscillation on the Anomalous East Asian Summer Monsoon During 1999, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 279-296.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0279-y
    [14] LIAN Yi, ZHAO Bin, SHEN Baizhu, LI Shangfeng, LIU Gang, 2014: Numerical Experiments on the Impact of Spring North Pacific SSTA on NPO and Unusually Cool Summers in Northeast China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 1305-1315.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-3247-8
    [15] Keon Tae SOHN, Jeong Hyeong LEE, Soon Hwan LEE, Chan Su RYU, 2005: Statistical Prediction of Heavy Rain in South Korea, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 703-710.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918713
    [16] Xu Liren, Zhao Ming, 2000: The Influences of Boundary Layer Parameterization Schemes on Mesoscale Heavy Rain System, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 17, 458-472.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-000-0036-3
    [17] Xiujing YU, Guoyu REN, Panfeng ZHANG, Jingbiao HU, Ning LIU, Jianping LI, Chenchen ZHANG, 2020: Extreme Temperature Change of the Last 110 Years in Changchun, Northeast China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 347-358.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-9165-z
    [18] Huanlian LI, Huijun WANG, Dabang JIANG, 2017: Influence of October Eurasian Snow on Winter Temperature over Northeast China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 116-126.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5274-0
    [19] XIONG Zhe, WANG Shuyu, ZENG Zhaomei, FU Congbin, 2003: Analysis of Simulated Heavy Rain over the Yangtze River Valley During 11-30 June 1998 Using RIEMS, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 815-824.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915407
    [20] SHAO Aimei, QIU Chongjian, LIU Liping, 2004: Kinematic Structure of a Heavy Rain Event from Dual-Doppler Radar Observations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 21, 609-616.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915728
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 November 2010
    Manuscript revised: 10 November 2010
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    A Study on Water Vapor Transport and Budget of Heavy Rain in Northeast China

    • 1. Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062,Wuhan Institute of Heavy Rain, Wuhan 430074, Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation Systems and East Asian Monsoon, Changchun 130062,Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation Systems and East Asian Monsoon, Changchun 130062,Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation Systemsand East Asian Monsoon, Changchun 130062
    • Manuscript received: 2010-11-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2010-11-10

    Abstract: The characteristics of moisture transport and budget of widespread heavy rain and local heavy rain events in Northeast China are studied using the NCEP--NCAR reanalysis 6-hourly and daily data and daily precipitation data of 200 stations in Northeast China from 1961--2005. The results demonstrate that during periods with widespread heavy rain in Northeast China, the Asian monsoon is very active and the monsoonal northward moisture transport is strengthened significantly. The widespread heavy rainfall obtains enhanced water vapor supply from large regions where the water vapor mainly originates from the Asian monsoon areas, which include the East Asian subtropical monsoon area, the South China Sea, and the southeast and southwest tropical monsoon regions. There are several branches of monsoonal moisture current converging on East China and its coastal areas, where they are strengthened and then continue northward into Northeast China. Thus, the enhanced northward monsoonal moisture transport is the key to the widespread heavy rain in Northeast China. In contrast, local heavy rainfall in Northeast China derives water vapor from limited areas, transported by the westerlies. Local evaporation also plays an important role in the water vapor supply and local recycling process of moisture. In short, the widespread heavy rains of Northeast China are mainly caused by water vapor advection brought by the Asian monsoon, whereas local heavy rainfall is mainly caused by the convergence of the westerly wind field.

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