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Volume 27 Issue 6

Nov.  2010

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2010 >  27(6): 1276-1288

A Modeling Study of the Climate Effects of Sulfate and Carbonaceous Aerosols over China

  • 1.

    School of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,School of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,Department of Atmospheric Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091


doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-9188-y

  • In this paper, the RIEMS 2.0 model is used to simulate the distribution of sulfate, black carbon, and organic carbon aerosols over China (16.2--44.1N, 93.4--132.4E) in 1998. The climate effects of these three anthropogenic aerosols are also simulated. The results are summarized as follows: (1) The regional average column burdens of sulfate, BC, OC, and SOC were 5.9, 0.24, 2.4, and 0.49 mg m-2, with maxima of 33.9, 1.48, 7.3, and 1.1 mg m-2, respectively. The column burden and surface concentration of secondary organic carbon accounted for about 20% and 7%, respectively, of the total organic carbon in eastern China. (2) The radiative forcings of sulfate, organic carbon, and black carbon at the top of the atmosphere were -1.24, -0.6, and 0.16 W m-2, respectively, with extremes of -5.25, -2.6, and 0.91 W m-2. (3) The surface air temperature changes caused by sulfate, organic carbon, and black carbon were -0.07, -0.04, and 0.01 K, respectively. The air temperature increase caused by black carbon at 850 hPa was higher than that at the surface. The net effect of the three kinds of anthropogenic aerosols together decreased the annual average temperature by -0.075 K; the maximum value was -0.3 K. (4) Black carbon can reduce the precipitation in arid and semi-arid areas of northern China and increase the precipitation in wet and semi-wet areas of southern China. The average precipitation increase caused by black carbon in China was 0.003 mm d-1. The net effect of the three kinds of anthropogenic aerosols was to decrease the precipitation over China by 0.008 mm d-1.
  • [1] WANG Zhili, ZHANG Hua, SHEN Xueshun, 2011: Radiative Forcing and Climate Response Due to Black Carbon in Snow and Ice, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1336-1344.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-0117-5
    [2] Junlin AN, Huan LV, Min XUE, Zefeng ZHANG, Bo HU, Junxiu WANG, Bin ZHU, 2021: Analysis of the Effect of Optical Properties of Black Carbon on Ozone in an Urban Environment at the Yangtze River Delta, China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 1153-1164.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-0367-9
    [3] Yulan ZHANG, Shichang KANG, Tanguang GAO, Michael SPRENGER, Wei ZHANG, Zhaoqing WANG, 2023: Black Carbon Size in Snow of Chinese Altai Mountain in Central Asia, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 1199-1211.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2141-z
    [4] Luciano MARQUETTO, Susan KASPARI, Jefferson Cardia SIMÕES, Emil BABIK, 2020: Refractory Black Carbon Results and a Method Comparison between Solid-state Cutting and Continuous Melting Sampling of a West Antarctic Snow and Firn Core, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 545-554.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-019-9124-8
    [5] Jie ZHANG, Tongwen WU, Fang ZHANG, Kalli FURTADO, Xiaoge XIN, Xueli SHI, Jianglong LI, Min CHU, Li ZHANG, Qianxia LIU, Jinghui Yan, Min WEI, Qiang MA, 2021: BCC-ESM1 Model Datasets for the CMIP6 Aerosol Chemistry Model Intercomparison Project (AerChemMIP), ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 317-328.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-0151-2
    [6] LI Mingwei, WANG Yuxuan*, and JU Weimin, 2014: Effects of a Remotely Sensed Land Cover Dataset with High Spatial Resolution on the Simulation of Secondary Air Pollutants over China Using the Nested-grid GEOS-Chem Chemical Transport Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 179-187.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-2290-1
    [7] WANG Xinfeng, WANG Tao, Ravi Kant PATHAK, Mattias HALLQUIST, GAO Xiaomei, NIE Wei, XUE Likun, GAO Jian, GAO Rui, ZHANG Qingzhu, WANG Wenxing, WANG Shulan, CHAI Fahe, CHEN Yizhen, 2013: Size Distributions of Aerosol Sulfates and Nitrates in Beijing during the 2008 Olympic Games: Impacts of Pollution Control Measures and Regional Transport, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 341-353.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2053-4
    [8] Junhua YANG, Shichang KANG, Yuling HU, Xintong CHEN, Mukesh RAI, 2022: Influence of South Asian Biomass Burning on Ozone and Aerosol Concentrations Over the Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 1184-1197.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-1197-0
    [9] LI Jiandong, Zhian SUN, LIU Yimin, Jiangnan LI, Wei-Chyung WANG, WU Guoxiong, 2012: A Study on Sulfate Optical Properties and Direct Radiative Forcing Using LASG-IAP General Circulation Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 1185-1199.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1257-y
    [10] YU Jianhua, CHEN Tian, Benjamin GUINOT, Helene CACHIER, YU Tong, LIU Wenqing, WANG Xin, 2006: Characteristics of Carbonaceous Particles in Beijing During Winter and Summer 2003, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 468-473.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0468-5
    [11] LI Xuxiang, CAO Junji, Judith CHOW, HAN Yongming, Shuncheng LEE, John WATSON, 2008: Chemical Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosols During Dust Storms over Xi'an in China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 847-855.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0847-1
    [12] YU Jianhua, Benjamin GUINOT, YU Tong, WANG Xin, LIU Wenqing, 2005: Seasonal Variations of Number Size Distributions and Mass Concentrations of Atmospheric Particles in Beijing, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 401-407.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918753
    [13] WU Jian, JIANG Weimei, FU Congbin, SU Bingkai, LIU Hongnian, TANG Jianping, 2004: Simulation of the Radiative Effect of Black Carbon Aerosols and the Regional Climate Responses over China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 21, 637-649.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915731
    [14] WANG Gengchen, BAI Jianhui, KONG Qinxin, Alexander EMILENKO, 2005: Black Carbon Particles in the Urban Atmosphere in Beijing, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 640-646.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918707
    [15] Jiawen ZHU, Juanxiong HE, Duoying JI, Yangchun LI, He ZHANG, Minghua ZHANG, Xiaodong ZENG, Kece FEI, Jiangbo JIN, 2024: CAS-ESM2.0 Successfully Reproduces Historical Atmospheric CO2 in a Coupled Carbon−Climate Simulation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 41, 572-580.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-3172-9
    [16] Pratima GUPTA, Shalendra Pratap SINGH, Ashok JANGID, Ranjit KUMAR, 2017: Characterization of Black Carbon in the Ambient Air of Agra, India: Seasonal Variation and Meteorological Influence, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 1082-1094.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-6234-z
    [17] Hu Rongming, Serge Planton, Michel Déque, Pascal Marquet, Alain Braun, 2001: Why Is the Climate Forcing of Sulfate Aerosols So Uncertain?, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 1103-1120.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-001-0026-0
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    [19] Jiangbo JIN, Duoying JI, Xiao DONG, Kece FEI, Run GUO, Juanxiong HE, Yi YU, Zhaoyang CHAI, He ZHANG, Dongling ZHANG, Kangjun CHEN, Qingcun ZENG, 2024: CAS-ESM2.0 Dataset for the Carbon Dioxide Removal Model Intercomparison Project (CDRMIP), ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 41, 989-1000.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-3089-3
    [20] Shutao CHEN, Jianwen ZOU, Zhenghua HU, Yanyu LU, 2019: Climate and Vegetation Drivers of Terrestrial Carbon Fluxes: A Global Data Synthesis, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, , 679-696.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-019-8194-y
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 November 2010
    Manuscript revised: 10 November 2010
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    A Modeling Study of the Climate Effects of Sulfate and Carbonaceous Aerosols over China

    • 1. School of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,School of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,Department of Atmospheric Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091
    • Manuscript received: 2010-11-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2010-11-10

    Abstract: In this paper, the RIEMS 2.0 model is used to simulate the distribution of sulfate, black carbon, and organic carbon aerosols over China (16.2--44.1N, 93.4--132.4E) in 1998. The climate effects of these three anthropogenic aerosols are also simulated. The results are summarized as follows: (1) The regional average column burdens of sulfate, BC, OC, and SOC were 5.9, 0.24, 2.4, and 0.49 mg m-2, with maxima of 33.9, 1.48, 7.3, and 1.1 mg m-2, respectively. The column burden and surface concentration of secondary organic carbon accounted for about 20% and 7%, respectively, of the total organic carbon in eastern China. (2) The radiative forcings of sulfate, organic carbon, and black carbon at the top of the atmosphere were -1.24, -0.6, and 0.16 W m-2, respectively, with extremes of -5.25, -2.6, and 0.91 W m-2. (3) The surface air temperature changes caused by sulfate, organic carbon, and black carbon were -0.07, -0.04, and 0.01 K, respectively. The air temperature increase caused by black carbon at 850 hPa was higher than that at the surface. The net effect of the three kinds of anthropogenic aerosols together decreased the annual average temperature by -0.075 K; the maximum value was -0.3 K. (4) Black carbon can reduce the precipitation in arid and semi-arid areas of northern China and increase the precipitation in wet and semi-wet areas of southern China. The average precipitation increase caused by black carbon in China was 0.003 mm d-1. The net effect of the three kinds of anthropogenic aerosols was to decrease the precipitation over China by 0.008 mm d-1.

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