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Volume 28 Issue 4

Jul.  2011

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2011 >  28(4): 725-734

Diurnal Variations of Summer Precipitation in the Beijing Area and the Possible Effect of Topography and Urbanization

  • 1.

    State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081,Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden,Beijing Regional Climate Center, Beijing Meteorological Bureau, Beijing 100089


doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-9240-y

  • The present study examined the diurnal variations of summer precipitation in the Beijing area by using subdaily precipitation and wind observations. A combined effect of topography and urbanization on the characteristics of diurnal variations was suggested. It was shown that stations located in the plain area exhibited typical night rain peaks, whereas those in the mountainous area exhibited clear afternoon peaks of precipitation diurnal variations. The precipitation peaks were associated with wind fields around the Beijing area, which were found to be highly modulated by mountain-valley circulation and urban-country circulation. The lower-tropospheric wind exhibited a clear diurnal shift in its direction from north at 0800 LST to south at 2000 LST, which reflected mountain-valley circulation. The transitions from valley to mountain wind and the opposite generally happened after sunset and sunrise, respectively, and both occurred earlier for the stations located closer to mountains. By comparing the diurnal variations of precipitation at stations in a northeast suburb, an urban area, and a southwest suburb, it was revealed that the northeast suburb group had the highest normalized rainfall frequency, but the southwest group had the lowest from late afternoon to late evening. On the contrary, in the early morning from about 0200 to 1000 LST, the southwest group and urban group had the highest normalized rainfall frequency. This pattern might originate from the combined effects of mountain-valley topography and urbanization.
  • [1] JIE Weihua, WU Tongwen, WANG Jun, LI Weijing, LIU Xiangwen, 2014: Improvement of 6-15 Day Precipitation Forecasts Using a Time-Lagged Ensemble Method, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 293-304.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3037-8
    [2] LIU Ge, WU Renguang, ZHANG Yuanzhi, and NAN Sulan, 2014: The Summer Snow Cover Anomaly over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Association with Simultaneous Precipitation over the Mei-yu-Baiu region, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 755-764.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3183-z
    [3] Xiao PAN, Yunfei FU, Sen YANG, Ying GONG, Deqin LI, 2021: Diurnal Variations of Precipitation over the Steep Slopes of the Himalayas Observed by TRMM PR and VIRS, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 641-660.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-0246-9
    [4] ZHANG Xinping, JIN Huijun, SUN Weizhen, 2006: Stable Isotopic Variations in Precipitation in Southwest China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 649-658.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0649-2
    [5] ZHANG Xinping, LIU Jingmiao, TIAN Lide, HE Yuanqing, YAO Tandong, 2004: Variations of 18O in Precipitation along Vapor Transport Paths, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 21, 562-572.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915724
    [6] ZHANG Xinping, LIU Jingmiao, HE Yuanqing, TIAN Lide, YAO Tandong, 2005: Humidity Effect and Its Influence on the Seasonal Distribution of Precipitation δ18O in Monsoon Regions, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 271-277.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918516
    [7] LIU Ge, WU Renguang, SUN Shuqing, WANG Huimei, 2015: Synergistic Contribution of Precipitation Anomalies over Northwestern India and the South China Sea to High Temperature over the Yangtze River Valley, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 1255-1265.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4280-y
    [8] YUAN Fang, CHEN Wen, ZHOU Wen, 2012: Analysis of the Role Played by Circulation in the Persistent Precipitation over South China in June 2010, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 769-781.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2018-7
    [9] Tingting HAN, Shengping HE, Huijun WANG, Xin HAO, 2019: Variation in Principal Modes of Midsummer Precipitation over Northeast China and Its Associated Atmospheric Circulation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 36, 55-64.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-018-8072-z
    [10] Yating ZHAO, Ming XUE, Jing JIANG, Xiao-Ming HU, Anning HUANG, 2024: Assessment of Wet Season Precipitation in the Central United States by the Regional Climate Simulation of the WRFG Member in NARCCAP and Its Relationship with Large-Scale Circulation Biases, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 41, 619-638.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2353-x
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    [12] REN Guoyu, DING Yihui, ZHAO Zongci, ZHENG Jingyun, WU Tongwen, TANG Guoli, XU Ying, 2012: Recent Progress in Studies of Climate Change in China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 958-977.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1200-2
    [13] Hui XIAO, Yan YIN, Pengguo ZHAO, Qilin WAN, Xiantong LIU, 2020: Effect of Aerosol Particles on Orographic Clouds: Sensitivity to Autoconversion Schemes, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 229-238.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-019-9037-6
    [14] Athanassios A. ARGIRIOU, Zhen LI, Vasileios ARMAOS, Anna MAMARA, Yingling SHI, Zhongwei YAN, 2023: Homogenised Monthly and Daily Temperature and Precipitation Time Series in China and Greece since 1960, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 1326-1336.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2246-4
    [15] Peter G. BAINES, 2006: The Zonal Structure of the Hadley Circulation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 869-883.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0869-5
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 July 2011
    Manuscript revised: 10 July 2011
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Diurnal Variations of Summer Precipitation in the Beijing Area and the Possible Effect of Topography and Urbanization

    • 1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081,Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden,Beijing Regional Climate Center, Beijing Meteorological Bureau, Beijing 100089
    • Manuscript received: 2011-07-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2011-07-10

    Abstract: The present study examined the diurnal variations of summer precipitation in the Beijing area by using subdaily precipitation and wind observations. A combined effect of topography and urbanization on the characteristics of diurnal variations was suggested. It was shown that stations located in the plain area exhibited typical night rain peaks, whereas those in the mountainous area exhibited clear afternoon peaks of precipitation diurnal variations. The precipitation peaks were associated with wind fields around the Beijing area, which were found to be highly modulated by mountain-valley circulation and urban-country circulation. The lower-tropospheric wind exhibited a clear diurnal shift in its direction from north at 0800 LST to south at 2000 LST, which reflected mountain-valley circulation. The transitions from valley to mountain wind and the opposite generally happened after sunset and sunrise, respectively, and both occurred earlier for the stations located closer to mountains. By comparing the diurnal variations of precipitation at stations in a northeast suburb, an urban area, and a southwest suburb, it was revealed that the northeast suburb group had the highest normalized rainfall frequency, but the southwest group had the lowest from late afternoon to late evening. On the contrary, in the early morning from about 0200 to 1000 LST, the southwest group and urban group had the highest normalized rainfall frequency. This pattern might originate from the combined effects of mountain-valley topography and urbanization.

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