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Volume 28 Issue 6

Nov.  2011

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2011 >  28(6): 1301-1317

Impacts of Land Process on the Onset and Evolution of Asian Summer Monsoon in the NCEP Climate Forecast System

  • 1.

    NOAA's Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland 20746,State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,NOAA's Environmental Modeling Center, Camp Springs, Maryland 20746,NOAA's Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland 20746,State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081


doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-0167-8

  • Impacts of land models and initial land conditions (ICs) on the Asian summer monsoon, especially its onset, were investigated using the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS). Two land models, the Oregon State University (OSU) land model and the NCEP, OSU, Air Force, and Hydrologic Research Laboratory (Noah) land model, were used to get parallel experiments. The experiments also used land ICs from the NCEP/Department of Energy (DOE) Global Reanalysis 2 (GR2) and the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). Previous studies have demonstrated that, a systematic weak bias appears in the modeled monsoon, and this bias may be related to a cold bias over the Asian land mass. Results of the current study show that replacement of the OSU land model by the Noah land model improved the model's cold bias and produced improved monsoon precipitation and circulation patterns. The CFS predicted monsoon with greater proficiency in El Nino years, compared to La Nina years, and the Noah model performed better than the OSU model in monsoon predictions for individual years. These improvements occurred not only in relation to monsoon onset in late spring but also to monsoon intensity in summer. Our analysis of the monsoon features over the India peninsula, the Indo-China peninsula, and the South Chinese Sea indicates different degrees of improvement. Furthermore, a change in the land models led to more remarkable improvement in monsoon prediction than did a change from the GR2 land ICs to the GLDAS land ICs.
  • [1] Bueh Cholaw, Ji Liren, Sun Shuqing, Cui Maochang, 2001: EAWM-Related Air-Sea-Land Interaction and the Asian Summer Monsoon Circulation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 659-673.
    [2] ZOU Liwei, ZHOU Tianjun, 2015: Asian Summer Monsoon Onset in Simulations and CMIP5 Projections Using Four Chinese Climate Models, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 794-806.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-4053-z
    [3] Li Chongyin, Mu Mingquan, 2001: The Influence of the Indian Ocean Dipole on Atmospheric Circulation and Climate, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 831-843.
    [4] ZHU Yali, 2012: Variations of the Summer Somali and Australia Cross-Equatorial Flows and the Implications for the Asian Summer Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 509-518.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-1120-6
    [5] LIU Xiangwen, WU Tongwen, YANG Song, JIE Weihua, NIE Suping, LI Qiaoping, CHENG Yanjie, LIANG Xiaoyun, 2015: Performance of the Seasonal Forecasting of the Asian Summer Monsoon by BCC_CSM1.1(m), ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 1156-1172.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-4194-8
    [6] YAN Renchang, BIAN Jianchun, 2015: Tracing the Boundary Layer Sources of Carbon Monoxide in the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone Using WRF-Chem, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 943-951.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-4130-3
    [7] BIAN Jianchun, YAN Renchang, CHEN Hongbin, Lu Daren, Steven T. MASSIE, 2011: Formation of the Summertime Ozone Valley over the Tibetan Plateau: The Asian Summer Monsoon and Air Column Variations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1318-1325.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-0174-9
    [8] Lu Peisheng, 1995: Evolution of Asian Summer Monsoon and the Slowly Varying Disturbances, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 12, 311-318.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656979
    [9] Yiran GUO, Jie CAO, Hui LI, Jian WANG, Yuchao DING, 2016: Simulation of the Interface between the Indian Summer Monsoon and the East Asian Summer Monsoon: Intercomparison between MPI-ESM and ECHAM5/MPI-OM, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 33, 294-308.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-5073-z
    [10] Min WEI, 2005: A Coupled Model Study on the Intensification of the Asian Summer Monsoon in IPCC SRES Scenarios, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 798-806.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918680
    [11] LU Riyu, Buwen DONG, 2008: Response of the Asian Summer Monsoon to Weakening of Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 723-736.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0723-z
    [12] CHEN Bin, XU Xiang-De, YANG Shuai, ZHANG Wei, 2012: On the Temporal and Spatial Structure of Troposphere-to- Stratosphere Transport in the Lowermost Stratosphere over the Asian Monsoon Region during Boreal Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 29, 1305-1317.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-1171-3
    [13] WU Bingyi, WANG Dongxiao, HUANG Ronghui, 2003: Relationship between Sea Level Pressures of the Winter Tropical Western Pacific and the Subsequent Asian Summer Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 20, 496-510.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915494
    [14] Weiwei WANG, Song YANG, Tuantuan ZHANG, Qingquan LI, Wei WEI, 2022: Sub-seasonal Prediction of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon Onset in the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 1969-1981.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-1403-0
    [15] HE Jinhai, WEN Min, WANG Lijuan, XU Haiming, 2006: Characteristics of the Onset of the Asian Summer Monsoon and the Importance of Asian-Australian “Land Bridge”, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 951-963.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0951-z
    [16] Ruth GEEN, Marianne PIETSCHNIG, Shubhi AGRAWAL, Dipanjan DEY, F. Hugo LAMBERT, Geoffrey K. VALLIS, 2023: The Relationship between Model Biases in East Asian Summer Monsoon Rainfall and Land Evaporation, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 2029-2042.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2297-1
    [17] Wang Huijun, 2000: The Interannual Variability of East Asian Monsoon and Its Relationship with SST in a Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Land Climate Model, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 17, 31-47.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-000-0041-6
    [18] Guo DENG, Yuejian ZHU, Jiandong GONG, Dehui CHEN, Richard WOBUS, Zhe ZHANG, 2016: The Effects of Land Surface Process Perturbations in a Global Ensemble Forecast System, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 33, 1199-1208.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-6036-8
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    [20] CHEN Wen, ZHU Deqin, LIU Huizhi, SUN Shufen, 2009: Land-Air Interaction over Arid/Semi-arid Areas in China and Its Impact on the East Asian Summer Monsoon. Part I: Calibration of the Land Surface Model (BATS) Using Multicriteria Methods, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 1088-1098.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8187-3
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 November 2011
    Manuscript revised: 10 November 2011
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
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      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Impacts of Land Process on the Onset and Evolution of Asian Summer Monsoon in the NCEP Climate Forecast System

    • 1. NOAA's Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland 20746,State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,NOAA's Environmental Modeling Center, Camp Springs, Maryland 20746,NOAA's Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland 20746,State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081
    • Manuscript received: 2011-11-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2011-11-10

    Abstract: Impacts of land models and initial land conditions (ICs) on the Asian summer monsoon, especially its onset, were investigated using the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS). Two land models, the Oregon State University (OSU) land model and the NCEP, OSU, Air Force, and Hydrologic Research Laboratory (Noah) land model, were used to get parallel experiments. The experiments also used land ICs from the NCEP/Department of Energy (DOE) Global Reanalysis 2 (GR2) and the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). Previous studies have demonstrated that, a systematic weak bias appears in the modeled monsoon, and this bias may be related to a cold bias over the Asian land mass. Results of the current study show that replacement of the OSU land model by the Noah land model improved the model's cold bias and produced improved monsoon precipitation and circulation patterns. The CFS predicted monsoon with greater proficiency in El Nino years, compared to La Nina years, and the Noah model performed better than the OSU model in monsoon predictions for individual years. These improvements occurred not only in relation to monsoon onset in late spring but also to monsoon intensity in summer. Our analysis of the monsoon features over the India peninsula, the Indo-China peninsula, and the South Chinese Sea indicates different degrees of improvement. Furthermore, a change in the land models led to more remarkable improvement in monsoon prediction than did a change from the GR2 land ICs to the GLDAS land ICs.

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