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Volume 29 Issue 2

Mar.  2012

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Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 2012 >  29(2): 274-284

The Impact of Warm Pool SST and General Circulation on Increased Temperature over the Tibetan Plateau

  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province, College of Atmospheric Science, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000,Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province,College of Atmospheric Science, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000,Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000


doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-1034-3

  • In this paper, the possible reason of Tibetan Plateau (TP) temperature increasing was investigated. An increase in Tmin (minimum temperature) plays a robust role in increased TP temperature, which is strongly related to SST over the warm pool of the western Pacific Ocean, the subtropical westerly jet stream (SWJ), and the tropical easterly upper jet stream (TEJ), and the 200-hPa zonal wind in East Asia. Composite analysis of the effects of SST, SWJ, and TEJ on pre- and post-abrupt changes in Ta (annual temperature) and Tmin over the TP shows remarkable differences in SST, SWJ, and TEJ. A lag correlation between TaTmin, SST, and SWJ/TEJ shows that changes in SST occur ahead of changes in Ta/Tmin by approximately one to three seasons. Partial correlations between Ta/Tmin, SST, and SWJ/TEJ show that the effect of SWJ on Ta/Tmin is more significant than the effect of SST. Furthermore, simulations with a community atmospheric model (CAM3.0) were performed, showing a remarkable increase in Ta over the TP when the SST increased by 0.5oC. The main increase in Ta and Tmin in the TP can be attributed to changes in SWJ. A possible mechanism is that changes in SST force the TEJ to weaken, move south, and lead to increased SWJ and movement of SWJ northward. Finally, changes in the intensity and location of the SWJ cause an increase in Ta/Tmin. It appears that TP warming is governed primarily by coherent TEJ and SWJ variations that act as the atmospheric bridges to remote SSTs in warm-pool forcing.
  • [1] Ruifen ZHAN, Yuqing WANG, Yihui DING, 2022: Impact of the Western Pacific Tropical Easterly Jet on Tropical Cyclone Genesis Frequency over the Western North Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 235-248.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1103-1
    [2] CHEN Guanghua, HUANG Ronghui, 2008: Influence of Monsoon over the Warm Pool on Interannual Variation on Tropical Cyclone Activity over the Western North Pacific, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 319-328.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0319-7
    [3] Li Chongyin, Mu Mingquan, Zhou Guangqing, 1999: The Variation of Warm Pool in the Equatorial Western Pacific and Its Impacts on Climate, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 16, 378-394.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-999-0017-0
    [4] LI Chun, MA Hao, 2011: Coupled Modes of Rainfall over China and the Pacific Sea Surface Temperature in Boreal Summertime, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1201-1214.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-0127-3
    [5] Qiyang LIU, Fengxue QIAO, Yongqiang YU, Yiting ZHU, Shuwen ZHAO, Yujia LIU, Fulin JIANG, Xinyu HU, 2023: Bias Analysis in the Simulation of the Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Characteristics by Two High-Resolution Global Atmospheric Models, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 634-652.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2159-2
    [6] FENG Junqiao, HU Dunxin, YU Lejiang, 2013: Role of Western Pacific Oceanic Variability in the Onset of the Bay of Bengal Summer Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 219-234.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2040-9
    [7] Yi LI, Yihui DING, Weijing LI, 2017: Interdecadal Variability of the Afro-Asian Summer Monsoon System, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 833-846.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-6247-7
    [8] E. K. KRISHNA KUMAR, S. ABHILASH, SANKAR SYAM, P. VIJAYKUMAR, K. R. SANTOSH, A.V. SREENATH, 2023: Contrasting Regional Responses of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall to Exhausted Spring and Concurrently Emerging Summer El Niño Events, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 697-710.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2114-2
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    [10] ZHOU Baiquan, NIU Ruoyun, ZHAI Panmao, 2015: An Assessment of the Predictability of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet Based on TIGGE Data, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 401-412.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-4026-2
    [11] GUO Lanli, ZHANG Yaocun, WANG Bin, LI Lijuan, ZHOU Tianjun, BAO Qing, 2008: Simulations of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet by LASG/IAP AGCMs, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 447-457.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0447-0
    [12] LI Chun, SUN Jilin, 2015: Role of the Subtropical Westerly Jet Waveguide in a Southern China Heavy Rainstorm in December 2013, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 601-612.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-4099-y
    [13] Xinyu LI, Riyu LU, Gen LI, 2021: Different Configurations of Interannual Variability of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High and East Asian Westerly Jet in Summer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 931-942.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-0339-0
    [14] KUANG Xueyuan, ZHANG Yaocun, 2005: Seasonal Variation of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet and Its Association with the Heating Field over East Asia, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 831-840.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918683
    [15] Liu Hailong, Zhang Xuehong, Li Wei, 2001: The Heat Balance in the Western Equatorial Pacific Warm Pool during the Westerly Wind Bursts: A Case Study, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 882-896.
    [16] ZHANG Yaocun, HUANG Danqing, 2011: Has the East Asian Westerly Jet Experienced a Poleward Displacement in Recent Decades?, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 1259-1265.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-011-9185-9
    [17] BAO Ming, 2008: Relationship Between Persistent Heavy Rain Events in the Huaihe River Valley and the Distribution Pattern of Convective Activities in the Tropical Western Pacific Warm Pool, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 329-338.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0329-5
    [18] ZUO Qunjie, GAO Shouting, LÜ Daren, 2014: The Effect of the Subtropical Jet on the Rainfall over Southern China in January 2008, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 543-550.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3077-0
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    [20] Xiaowei HONG, Riyu LU, Shuanglin LI, 2018: Asymmetric Relationship between the Meridional Displacement of the Asian Westerly Jet and the Silk Road Pattern, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 35, 389-397.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-6320-2
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 March 2012
    Manuscript revised: 10 March 2012
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    The Impact of Warm Pool SST and General Circulation on Increased Temperature over the Tibetan Plateau

    • 1. Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province, College of Atmospheric Science, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000,Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province,College of Atmospheric Science, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000,Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000
    • Manuscript received: 2012-03-10
    • Manuscript revised: 2012-03-10

    Abstract: In this paper, the possible reason of Tibetan Plateau (TP) temperature increasing was investigated. An increase in Tmin (minimum temperature) plays a robust role in increased TP temperature, which is strongly related to SST over the warm pool of the western Pacific Ocean, the subtropical westerly jet stream (SWJ), and the tropical easterly upper jet stream (TEJ), and the 200-hPa zonal wind in East Asia. Composite analysis of the effects of SST, SWJ, and TEJ on pre- and post-abrupt changes in Ta (annual temperature) and Tmin over the TP shows remarkable differences in SST, SWJ, and TEJ. A lag correlation between TaTmin, SST, and SWJ/TEJ shows that changes in SST occur ahead of changes in Ta/Tmin by approximately one to three seasons. Partial correlations between Ta/Tmin, SST, and SWJ/TEJ show that the effect of SWJ on Ta/Tmin is more significant than the effect of SST. Furthermore, simulations with a community atmospheric model (CAM3.0) were performed, showing a remarkable increase in Ta over the TP when the SST increased by 0.5oC. The main increase in Ta and Tmin in the TP can be attributed to changes in SWJ. A possible mechanism is that changes in SST force the TEJ to weaken, move south, and lead to increased SWJ and movement of SWJ northward. Finally, changes in the intensity and location of the SWJ cause an increase in Ta/Tmin. It appears that TP warming is governed primarily by coherent TEJ and SWJ variations that act as the atmospheric bridges to remote SSTs in warm-pool forcing.

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