The Impact of Different Vertical Diffusion Schemes in a Three-Dimensional Oil Spill Model in the Bohai Sea

LI Yan; ZHU Jiang; WANG Hui

doi:10.1007/s00376-012-2201-x

Abstract:

Vertical transport is critical to the movement of oil spills in seawater. Breaking waves play an important role by developing a well-defined mixing layer in the upper part of the water column. A three-dimensional (3-D) Lagrangian random walk oil spill model was used here to study the influence of sea surface waves on the vertical turbulence movement of oil particles. Three vertical diffusion schemes were utilized in the model to compare their impact on oil dispersion and transportation. The first scheme calculated the vertical eddy viscosity semi-empirically. In the second scheme, the vertical diffusion coefficient was obtained directly from an Eulerian hydrodynamic model (Princeton Ocean Model, POM2k) while considering wave-caused turbulence. The third scheme was formulated by solving the Langevin equation. The trajectories, percentages of oil particles intruding into water, and the vertical distribution structures of oil particles were analyzed for a series of numerical experiments with different wind magnitudes. The results showed that the different vertical diffusion schemes could generate different horizontal trajectories and spatial distributions of oil spills on the sea surface. The vertical diffusion schemes caused different water-intruding and resurfacing oil particle behaviors, leading to different horizontal transport of oil particles at the surface and subsurface of the ocean. The vertical diffusion schemes were also applied to a realistic oil spill simulation, and these results were compared to satellite observations. All three schemes yielded acceptable results, and those of the third scheme most closely simulated the observed data.

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The Impact of Different Vertical Diffusion Schemes in a Three-Dimensional Oil Spill Model in the Bohai Sea

Corresponding author: ZHU Jiang;

1. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049;

2. Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting, National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081;

3. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

Manuscript received: 2012-08-13

Manuscript revised: 2012-11-18

Fund Project: This work was supported by Marine Industry Scientific Research Special Funds for Public Welfare Project---The development and application of fine-scale high precision comprehensive forecast system on the key protection coastal area (Grant No. 201305031) and The modular construction and application of marine forecasting operational system (Grant No. 201205017). The authors would like to thank National Satellite Ocean Application Service for supplying us the remote sensing pictures observed by satellite.

Abstract: Vertical transport is critical to the movement of oil spills in seawater. Breaking waves play an important role by developing a well-defined mixing layer in the upper part of the water column. A three-dimensional (3-D) Lagrangian random walk oil spill model was used here to study the influence of sea surface waves on the vertical turbulence movement of oil particles. Three vertical diffusion schemes were utilized in the model to compare their impact on oil dispersion and transportation. The first scheme calculated the vertical eddy viscosity semi-empirically. In the second scheme, the vertical diffusion coefficient was obtained directly from an Eulerian hydrodynamic model (Princeton Ocean Model, POM2k) while considering wave-caused turbulence. The third scheme was formulated by solving the Langevin equation. The trajectories, percentages of oil particles intruding into water, and the vertical distribution structures of oil particles were analyzed for a series of numerical experiments with different wind magnitudes. The results showed that the different vertical diffusion schemes could generate different horizontal trajectories and spatial distributions of oil spills on the sea surface. The vertical diffusion schemes caused different water-intruding and resurfacing oil particle behaviors, leading to different horizontal transport of oil particles at the surface and subsurface of the ocean. The vertical diffusion schemes were also applied to a realistic oil spill simulation, and these results were compared to satellite observations. All three schemes yielded acceptable results, and those of the third scheme most closely simulated the observed data.

Keywords:

oil spill,
Lagrangian random walk,
Langeven equation,
oil particles vertical turbulence movement

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The Impact of Different Vertical Diffusion Schemes in a Three-Dimensional Oil Spill Model in the Bohai Sea

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