Advanced Search
Article Contents

Constraining Anthropogenic CH4 Emissions in Nanjing and the Yangtze River Delta, China, Using Atmospheric CO2 and CH4 Mixing Ratios

Fund Project:

doi: 10.1007/s00376-014-3231-3

  • Methane (CH4) emissions estimated with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) inventory method at the city and regional scale are subject to large uncertainties. In this study, we determined the CH4:CO2 emissions ratio for both Nanjing and the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), using the atmospheric CH4 and CO2 concentrations measured at a suburban site in Nanjing in the winter. The atmospheric estimate of the CH4:CO2 emissions ratio was in reasonable agreement with that calculated using the IPCC method for the YRD (within 20%), but was 200% greater for the municipality of Nanjing. The most likely reason for the discrepancy is that emissions from unmanaged landfills are omitted from the official statistics on garbage production.
  • Agricultural Social and Economic Survey Office of the State Statistics Bureau, 2010: China Rural Statistical Yearbook, 421 pp. [Available online at http://tongji.cnki.net/kns55/Navi/YearBook.aspx?id=N2010120027&floor=1.]
    Bakwin, P. S., D. F. Hurst, P. P. Tans, J. W. Elkins, 1997: Anthropogenic sources of halocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride, carbon monoxide and methane in the southeastern United States. J. Geophys. Res., 102(D13), 15 915-15 925.
    Baldasano, J. M., C. Soriano, L. Boada, 1999: Emission inventory for greenhouse gases in the city of Barcelona, 1987-1996. Atmos. Environ., 33(23), 3765-3775.
    Berry, R. D., J. J. Colls, 1990: Atmospheric carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide on an urban/rural transect-I. Continuous measurements at the transect ends. Atmos. Environ., 24, 2681-2688.
    Bevington, P. R., D. K. Robinson, 1992: Data Reduction and Error Analysis for the Physical Sciences. McGraw-Hill, 328 pp.
    Bi, J., R. Zhang, H. Wang, M. Liu, Y. Wu, 2011: The benchmarks of carbon emissions and policy implications for China's cities: Case of Nanjing. Energy Policy, 39(9), 4785-4794.
    Brown, K., and Coauthors, 2012: UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2010: Annual Report for Submission under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Didcot, AEA Technology, 357 pp.
    Bun, R., K. Hamal, M. Gusti, A. Bun, 2010: Spatial GHG inventory at the regional level: Accounting for uncertainty. Climatic Change, 103, 227-224.
    Canadell, J. G., P. Ciais, S. Dhakal, 2009: The human perturbation of the carbon cycle. UNESCO-SCO-UNEP Policy Briefs. NO.10, Paris, France, 6 pp. [Available online at http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/USU-PBCARBONBasseDEF.pdf]
    CDIAC (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center), 2010: Global, regional and national annual time series (1751-2006). [Available online at http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/emis/meth_reg.html.]
    Chen, G. Q., B. Zhang, 2010: Greenhouse gas emissions in China 2007: Inventory and input-output analysis. Energy Policy, 38(10), 6180-6193.
    Chen, Y. G., X. H. Bai, X. H. Li, Z. X. Hu, W. L. Liu, W. P. Hu, 2007: A primary study of the methane flux on the water-air interface of eight lakes in winter, China. Journal of Lake Science, 19(1), 11-17.
    City of New York, 2012: Inventory of New York City Greenhouse Gas Emissions, December 2012, by Jonathan Dichinson, Jamil Khan, Douglas Price, Steven A. Caputo, Jr. and Sergej Mahnovski. Mayor's Office of Long-Term Planning and Sustainability, New York, 36 pp.
    Cofer, W. R. III, J. S. Levine, P. J. Riggan, D. I. Sebacher, E. L. Winstead, E. F. Jr. Shaw, J. A. Brass, V. G. Ambrosia, 1988: Trace gas emissions from a mid-latitude prescribed chaparral fire. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 1653-1658.
    Conway, T. J., L. P. Steele, 1989: Carbon dioxide and methane in the arctic atmosphere. J. Atmos. Chem., 9, 81-99.
    Conway, T. J., L. P. Steele, P. C. Novelli, 1993: Correlations among atmospheric CO2, CH4 and CO in the Arctic, March 1989. Atmos. Environ., 27, 2881-2894.
    Dai, J. C., Q. Yang, D. M. Lu, F. Zhang, 2012: Application of remote sensing to garbage dump recognizing in Nanjing City.Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology, 35(1), 127-135.
    Dhakal, S., 2009: Urban energy use and carbon emissions from cities in China and policy implications. Energy Policy, 37, 4208-4219.
    Dlugokencky, E. J., L. P. Steele, P. M. Lang, K. A. Masarie, 1994: The growth rate and distribution of atmospheric methane. J. Geophys. Res., 99(D8), 17 021-17 043.
    EPA, 2011: Inventory of U. S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2009. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA 430-R-11-005.
    Energy Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics, 2010: China Energy Statistical Yearbook. China Statistical Publishing House, Beijing, 286 pp. [Available online at http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/nd sj/2010/indexch.htm.] (in Chinese)
    Gardner, N., S. D. Probert, 1993: Forecasting landfill gas yields. Appl. Energy, 44(2), 131-163.
    Geng, Y., 2011: Eco-indicators: Improve China's sustainability targets. Nature, 477, 162.
    Geng, Y., C. Peng, M. Tian, 2011: Energy use and CO2 emission inventories in the four municipalities of China. Energy Procedia, 5, 370-376.
    George, K., L. H. Ziska, J. A. Bunce, B. Quebedeaux, 2007: Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature across an urban-rural transect. Atmos. Environ., 41, 7654-7665.
    Gioli, B., P. Toscano, E. Lugato, A. Matese, F. Miglietta, A. Zaldei, F. P. Vaccari, 2012: Methane and carbon dioxide fluxes and source partitioning in urban areas: The case study of Florence, Italy. Environ. Pollut., 164, 125-131.
    Gloor, M., P. Bakwin, D. Hurst, L. Lock, R. Draxler, P. Tans, 2001: What is the concentration footprint of a tall tower? . J. Geophys. Res., 106(D16), 17 831-17 840.
    Greally, B. R., and Coauthors, 2007: Observations of 1, 1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) at AGAGE and SOGE monitoring stations in 1994-2004 and derived global and regional emission estimates. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D06308, doi: 10.1029/2006JD007527.
    Greenberg, J. P., P. R. Zimmerman, L. Heidt, W. Pollock, 1984: Hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions from biomass burning in Brazil. J. Geophys. Res., 89, 1350-1354.
    Guan, D., Liu, Z., Geng, Y., Lindner, S., Hubacek, K., 2012: The gigatonne gap in China's carbon dioxide inventories. Nat. Clim. Chang., 2(9), 672-675.
    Guha, T., P. Ghosh, 2010: Diurnal variation of atmospheric CO2 concentration and δ13C in an urban atmosphere during winter——Role of the nocturnal boundary layer. J. Atmos. Chem., 65(1), 1-12.
    Hsu, Y. K., T. VanCuren, S. Park, C. Jakober, J. Herner, M. FitzGibbon, D. R. Blake, D. D. Parrish, 2010: Methane emissions inventory verification in southern California. Atmos. Environ., 44, 1-7.
    Huang, Y., J. Jiang, L. Zong, R. Sass, F. Fisher, 2001: Comparison of field measurements of CH4 emission from rice cultivation in Nanjing, China and in Texas, USA. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 18(6), 1121-1130.
    ICLEI (International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives), 2008:. Local government operations protocol for the quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions inventories. [Available online at http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/protocols/localgov/archive/final_lgo_protocol_2008-09-25.pdf.]
    Idso, C. D., S. B. Idso, R. C. Balling Jr., 1998: The urban CO2 dome of Phoenix, Arizona. Phys. Geogr., 19, 95-108.
    IEA (International Energy Agency), 2011: CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion-2011 [EB/OL]. [Available online at http://www.iea.org/co2highlights/co2highlights.pdf.]
    Kelliher, F. M., A. R. Reisinger, R. J. Martin, M. J. Harvey, S. J. Price, R. R. Sherlock, 2002: Measuring nitrous oxide emission rate from grazed pasture using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the nocturnal boundary layer. Agric. For. Meteor., 111, 29-38.
    Koerner, B., J. Klopatek, 2002: Anthropogenic and natural CO2 emission sources in an arid urban environment. Environ. Pollut., 116, S45-S51.
    Kuc, T., K. Rozanski, M. Zimnoch, J. M. Necki, A. Korus, 2003: Anthropogenic emissions of CO2 and CH4 in an urban environment. Appl. Energy, 75, 193-203.
    Kumar, S., A. N. Mondal, S. A. Gaikwad, S. Devotta, R. N. Singh, 2004: Qualitative assessment of methane emission inventory from municipal solid waste disposal sites: A case study. Atmos. Environ., 38, 4921-4929.
    Lee, X., O. R. Bullock Jr, R. J. Andres, 2001: Anthropogenic emission of mercury to the atmosphere in the northeast United States. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28(7), 1231-1234.
    Leggett, J. A., J. Logan, A. Mackey, 2011: China's greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation policies. Congressional Research Service R41919, 22 pp.
    Liu, L. C., J. N. Wang, G. Wu, Y. M. Wei, 2010: China's regional carbon emissions change over 1997-2007. International Journal of Energy and Environment, 1(1), 161-176.
    Liu, Z., S. Liang, Y. Geng, B. Xue, F. Xi, Y. Pan., T. Zhang, T. Fujita, 2012: Features, trajectories and driving forces for energy-related GHG emissions from Chinese mega cities: The case of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing. Energy, 37, 245-254.
    Marticorena, B., A. Attal, P. Camacho, J. Manem, D. Hesnault, P. Salmon, 1993: Prediction rules for biogas valorization in municipal solid waste landfill. Water Sci. Technol., 27(2), 235-241.
    Mayor of London, 2007: Action Today to Protect Tomorrow: The Mayor's Climate Change Action Plan. Greater London Authority, London, 28 pp.
    Mays, K. L., P. B. Shepson, B. H. Stirm, A. Karion, C. Sweeney, K. R. Gurney, 2009: Aircraft-based measurements of the carbon footprint of Indianapolis. Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 7816-7823.
    Morgan, M. G., M. Henrion, 1990: Uncertainty: A Guide to Dealing with Uncertainty in Quantitative Risk and Policy Analysis. Cambridge University Press, New York, 332 pp.
    Nanjing Municipal Bureau of Statistics, 2010: Nanjing Statistical Yearbook. Nanjing Municipal Bureau Statistics, 424 pp. [Available online at http://tongji.cnki.net/kns55/Navi/YearBook.aspx?id=N2011120066&floor=1.]
    National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2010: China Statistical Yearbook, 1032 pp. [Available online at http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2010/indexch.htm.]
    Obrist, D., F. Conen, R. Vogt, R. Siegwolf, C. Alewell, 2006: Estimation of Hg0 exchange between ecosystems and the atmosphere using 222Rn and Hg0 concentration changes in the stable nocturnal boundary layer. Atmos. Environ., 40, 856-866.
    O'Meara, M., J. A. Peterson, 1999: Reinventing Cities for People and the Planet. Worldwatch Institute, Washington, 12-31.
    Pataki, D. E., B. J. Tyler, R. E. Peterson, A. P. Nair, W. J. Steenburgh, E. R. Pardyjak, 2005: Can carbon dioxide be used as a tracer of urban atmospheric transport? . J. Geophys. Res., 110, D15102, doi: 10.1029/2004JD005723.
    Pattey, E., I. B. Strachan, R. L. Desjardins, J. Massheder, 2002: Measuring nighttime CO2 flux over terrestrial ecosystems using eddy covariance and nocturnal boundary layer methods. Agric. For. Meteor., 113, 145-158.
    Potosnak, M. J., S. C. Wofsy, A. S. Denning, T. J. Conway, J. W. Munger, D. H. Barnes, 1999: Influence of biotic exchange and combustion sources on atmospheric CO2 concentration in New England from observations at a forest flux tower. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 9561-9569.
    Reilly, J., J. Edmonds, R. Gardner, A. Brenkert, 1987: Monte carlo analysis of the IEA/ORAU energy/carbon emissions model. Energy J., 8(3), 1-29.
    Ricker, W. E., 1973: Linear regression in fishery research. Journal of Fishery Research Board Canada., 30(3), 409-434.
    Robbins, R. C., L. A. Cavanagh, L. J. Salas, 1973: Analysis of ancient atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 78, 5341-5344.
    Rotty, R. M., 1987: Estimates of seasonal variation in fossil fuel CO2 emissions. Tellus, 39, 184-202.
    Satterthwaite, D., 2008: Cities' contribution to global warming: Notes on the allocation of greenhouse gas emissions. Environment and Urbanization, 20(2), 539-549.
    Sigler, J. M., X. Lee, 2006: Recent trends in anthropogenic mercury emission in the northeast United States. J. Geophys. Res., 111, D14316, doi: 10.1029/2005JD006814.
    Sogachev, A., M. Y. Leclerc, 2011: On concentration footprints for a tall tower in the presence of a nocturnal low-level jet. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 151, 755-764.
    Su, J., B. Zhu, 2011: Crop residue burning influence on the air quality over Nanjing and surrounding regions. M. S. thesis, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China, 96 pp. (in Chinese)
    Su, J., B. Zhu, T. Zhou, Y. Ren, 2012: Contrast analysis of two serious air pollution events affecting Nanjing and its surrounding regions resulting from burning of crop residues. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 28(1), 37-41. (in Chinese)
    Suntharalingam, P., and Coauthors, 2004: Improved quantification of Chinese carbon fluxes using CO2/CO correlations in Asian outflow. J. Geophys. Res., 109(D18), doi: 10.1029/2003JD004362.
    Tarasova, O. A., C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer, S. S. Assonovb, N. F. Elanskyc, T. Rockmann, M. Brassd, 2006: Atmospheric CH4 along the Trans-Siberian railroad (TROICA) and river Ob: Source identification using stable isotope analysis. Atmos. Environ., 40, 5617-5628.
    Vand e Weghe, J., C. Kennedy, 2007: A spatial analysis of residential greenhouse gas emissions in the Toronto census metropolitan area. J. Ind. Ecol., 11(2), 133-144.
    Vinogradova, A. A., E. I. Fedorova, I. B. Belikov, A. S. Ginzburg, N. F. Elansky, A. I. Skorokhod, 2007: Temporal variations in carbon dioxide and nethane concentrations under urban conditions. Atmos. Ocean. Phys., 43(5), 599-611.
    Wang, H., J. Bi, R. Zhang, M. Liu, 2012: The carbon emissions of Chinese cities. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 6197-6206.
    Wang, Y., J. W. Munger, S. Xu, M. B. McElroy, J. Hao, C. P. Nielsen, H. Ma, 2010: CO2 and its correlation with CO at a rural site near Beijing: Complications for combustion efficiency in China. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 8881-8897.
    Warneke, C., and Coauthors, 2007: Determination of urban volatile organic compound emission ratios and comparison with an emissions database. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D10S47, doi: 10.1029/2006JD007930.
    Widory, D., and M, Javoy, 2003. The carbon isotope composition of atmospheric CO2 in Paris. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 215, 289-298.
    Winiwarter, W., K. Rypdal, 2001: Assessing the uncertainty associated with national greenhouse gas emission inventories: A case study for Austria. Atmos. Environ., 35, 5425-5440.
    Wunch, D., P. O. Wennberg, G. C. Toon, G. Keppel-Aleks, Y. G. Yavin, 2009: Emissions of greenhouse gases from a North American megacity. J. Geophys. Res., 36, L15810, doi: 10.1029/2009GL039825.
    Xu, S., 2011: Carbon accounting and space distribution for the cities in China——A case of Nanjing city. M. S. thesis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 53 pp. (in Chinese)
    Yamada, K., N. Yoshida, F. Nakagawa, G. Inoue, 2005: Source evaluation of atmospheric methane over western Siberia using double stable isotopic signatures. Org. Geochem., 36, 717-726.
    Yang, J., L. P. Ju, B. Chen, 2012: Greenhouse gas inventory and emission accounting of Chongqing. China Population. Resources and Environment, 22(3), 63-69. (in Chinese)
    Yang, Y., W. M. Wang, Y. Chen, L. Kang, Z. Li, N. Zhang, Z. J. Yu, 2011: Greenhouse gas estimation for Tianjin.Urban Environment & Urban Ecology, 24(3), 34-36. (in Chinese)
    Zhang, B., G. Q. Chen, 2010: Methane emissions by Chinese economy: Inventory and embodiment analysis. Energy Policy, 38, 4304-4316.
    Zhang, L. C., B, Zhu, S. J, Niu, and Z. H., Li, 2009: Contrastive analysis of atmospheric boundary layer structures in fair weather of winter between urban and suburban areas of Nanjing. Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology: Natural Science Edition, 1(4), 329-337. (in Chinese)
    Zhang, X. Y., G. B. Zhang, Y. Ji, J. Ma, H. Xu, Z. C. Cai, 2012: Temporal variation of CH4 flux and its δ13C from winter flooded rice field. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 49(2), 296-302.
    Zhao, Q., Y. Ma, Q. Yu, Y. Zhang, 2011: Greenhouse gas inventory of Shanghai. M. S. thesis, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 121 pp. (in Chinese)
    Zhu, S. L., 2009: Present situation of greenhouse gas emission in Beijing and the approach to its reduction. China Soft Science, 24(9), 93-106. (in Chinese)
    Zimnoch, M., J. Godlowska, J. M. Necki, K. Rozanski, 2010: Assessing surface fluxes of CO2 and CH4 in urban environment: A reconnaissance study in Krakow, Southern Poland. Tellus, 62B, 573-580.
  • [1] ZHANG Dingyuan, LIAO Hong, WANG Yuesi, 2014: Simulated Spatial Distribution and Seasonal Variation of Atmospheric Methane over China: Contributions from Key Sources, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 31, 283-292.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-013-3018-y
    [2] Chuanjie YANG, Guang LI, Lijuan YAN, Weiwei MA, Jiangqi WU, Yan TAN, Shuainan LIU, Shikang ZHANG, 2022: Effects of Plant Community Type on Soil Methane Flux in Semiarid Loess Hilly Region, Central Gansu Province, China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 1360-1374.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-1169-4
    [3] BI Yun, CHEN Yuejuan, ZHOU Renjun, YI Mingjian, DENG Shumei, 2011: Simulation of the Effect of an Increase in Methane on Air Temperature, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 129-138.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-9197-x
    [4] Igor Oliveira RIBEIRO, Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de SOUZA, Rita Valèria ANDREOLI, Mary Toshie KAYANO, Patrícia dos Santos COSTA, 2016: Spatiotemporal Variability of Methane over the Amazon from Satellite Observations, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 33, 852-864.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-5138-7
    [5] Ding Aiju, Wang Mingxing, 1996: Model for Methane Emission from Rice Fields and Its Application in Southern China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 13, 159-168.  doi: 10.1007/BF02656859
    [6] LIU Chunyan, Jirko HOLST, Nicolas BRUGGEMANN, Klaus BUTTERBACH-BAHL, YAO Zhisheng, HAN Shenghui, HAN Xingguo, ZHENG Xunhua, 2008: Effects of Irrigation on Nitrous Oxide, Methane and Carbon Dioxide Fluxes in an Inner Mongolian Steppe, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 25, 748-756.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-008-0748-3
    [7] Denghui JI, Minqiang ZHOU, Pucai WANG, Yang YANG, Ting WANG, Xiaoyu SUN, Christian HERMANS, Bo YAO, Gengchen WANG, 2020: Deriving Temporal and Vertical Distributions of Methane in Xianghe Using Ground-based Fourier Transform Infrared and Gas-analyzer Measurements, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 597-607.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-9233-4
    [8] Wang Mingxing, Shangguan Xingjian, Shen Renxing, Wassmann Reiner, Seiler Wolfgang, 1993: Methane Production, Emission and Possible Control Measures in the Rice Agriculture, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 10, 307-314.  doi: 10.1007/BF02658136
    [9] Zhang Renjian, Wang Mingxing, 1999: Modeling the Sudden Decrease in CH4 Growth Rate in 1992, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 16, 242-250.  doi: 10.1007/BF02973085
    [10] SHANG Lin, LIU Yi, TIAN Wenshou, ZHANG Yuli, 2015: Effect of Methane Emission Increases in East Asia on Atmospheric Circulation and Ozone, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 32, 1617-1627.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-015-5028-4
    [11] ZHANG Wu, HU Bo, CHEN Changhe, DU Ping, ZHANG Lei, FENG Guanghong, 2004: Scattering Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols over Lanzhou City and Applications Using an Integrating Nephelometer, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 21, 848-856.  doi: 10.1007/BF02915587
    [12] LI Jiandong, LIU Yimin, WU Guoxiong, 2009: Cloud Radiative Forcing in Asian Monsoon Region Simulated by IPCC AR4 AMIP Models, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 26, 923-939.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8111-x
    [13] XIE Baohua, ZHOU Zaixing, ZHENG Xunhua, ZHANG Wen, ZHU Jianguo, 2010: Modeling Methane Emissions from Paddy Rice Fields under Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Conditions, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 100-114.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-8178-4
    [14] XU Xingkai, HAN Lin, LUO Xianbao, HAN Shijie, 2011: Synergistic Effects of Nitrogen Amendments and Ethylene on Atmospheric Methane Uptake under a Temperate Old-growth Forest, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 843-854.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-0071-7
    [15] Liang ZHANG, Bin ZHU, Jinhui GAO, Hanqing KANG, 2017: Impact of Taihu Lake on City Ozone in the Yangtze River Delta, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 34, 226-234.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-016-6099-6
    [16] Xiaoyan WU, Jinyuan XIN, Wenyu ZHANG, Chongshui GONG, Yining MA, Yongjing MA, Tianxue WEN, Zirui LIU, Shili TIAN, Yuesi WANG, Fangkun WU, 2020: Optical, Radiative and Chemical Characteristics of Aerosol in Changsha City, Central China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 1310-1322.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-0076-9
    [17] ZHANG Qiang, LI Hongyu, 2011: A Study of the Relationship between Air Pollutants and Inversion in the ABL over the City of Lanzhou, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 28, 879-886.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-010-0079-z
    [18] Xiaolong CHEN, Tianjun ZHOU, 2023: Negligible Warming Caused by Nord Stream Methane Leaks, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 549-552.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2305-x
    [19] Guidi ZHOU, Xuhua CHENG, 2022: Impacts of Oceanic Fronts and Eddies in the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension Region on the Atmospheric General Circulation and Storm Track, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 22-54.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-0408-4
    [20] Boru MAI, Xuejiao DENG, Fang ZHANG, Hao HE, Tian LUAN, Fei LI, Xia LIU, 2020: Background Characteristics of Atmospheric CO2 and the Potential Source Regions in the Pearl River Delta Region of China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 37, 557-568.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-9238-z

Get Citation+

Export:  

Share Article

Manuscript History

Manuscript received: 27 November 2013
Manuscript revised: 02 March 2014
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

Constraining Anthropogenic CH4 Emissions in Nanjing and the Yangtze River Delta, China, Using Atmospheric CO2 and CH4 Mixing Ratios

    Corresponding author: XIAO Wei, wei.xiao@nuist.edu.cn
  • 1. Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment & Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044;
  • 2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044;
  • 3. Ningbo Meteorological Observatory, Ningbo 315012;
  • 4. School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
Fund Project:  This research was supported by the Ministry of Education of China (Grant PCSIRT), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31100359), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK2011830), and the Ningbo Planning Project of Science and Technology (Grant No. 2012C50044).

Abstract: Methane (CH4) emissions estimated with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) inventory method at the city and regional scale are subject to large uncertainties. In this study, we determined the CH4:CO2 emissions ratio for both Nanjing and the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), using the atmospheric CH4 and CO2 concentrations measured at a suburban site in Nanjing in the winter. The atmospheric estimate of the CH4:CO2 emissions ratio was in reasonable agreement with that calculated using the IPCC method for the YRD (within 20%), but was 200% greater for the municipality of Nanjing. The most likely reason for the discrepancy is that emissions from unmanaged landfills are omitted from the official statistics on garbage production.

Reference

Catalog

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint