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Volume 14 Issue 2

Apr.  1997

Article Contents
Article >  ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES  > 1997 >  14(2): 231-245

Seasonal Transition of Summer Rainy Season over Indochina and Adjacent Monsoon Region

  • 1.

    Department of Geography, University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan


doi: 10.1007/s00376-997-0022-0

  • The mean onset and withdrawal of summer rainy season over the Indochina Peninsula were investigated using 5-day averaged rainfall data (1975-87). The mean seasonal transition process during onset and retreat phases in Indochina, India and the South China Sea is also examined using 5-day mean OLR (1975-87) and 850 hPa wind (1980-88) date. It was found that the onset of summer rainy season begins earlier in the inland region of Indochina (Thailand) in late April to early May than in the coastal region along the Bay of Bengal. This early onset of rainy sea-son is due to pre-monsoon rain under the mid-latitude westerly wind regime. The full summer monsoon circulation begins to establish in mid-May, causing active convective activity both over the west coast of Indochina and the cen-tral South China Sea. In case of withdrawal, the earliest retreat of summer rainy season is found in the central northern part of Indochina in late September. The wind field, on the other hand, already changes to easterlies in the northern South China Sea in early September. This easterly wind system covers the eastern part of Indochina where post-monsoon rain is still active. In late October, the wind field turns to winter time situation, but post monsoon rain still continues in the southern part of the Indochina Peninsula until late November
  • [1] HE Jinhai, SUN Chenghu, LIU Yunyun, Jun MATSUMOTO, LI Weijing, 2007: Seasonal Transition Features of Large-Scale Moisture Transport in the Asian-Australian Monsoon Region, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 1-14.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0001-5
    [2] FENG Junqiao, HU Dunxin, YU Lejiang, 2013: Role of Western Pacific Oceanic Variability in the Onset of the Bay of Bengal Summer Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 30, 219-234.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-012-2040-9
    [3] XU Zhongfeng, QIAN Yongfu, FU Congbin, 2010: The Role of Land--sea Distribution and Orography in the Asian Monsoon. Part II: Orography, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 528-542.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9045-z
    [4] XU Zhongfeng, QIAN Yongfu, FU Congbin, 2010: The Role of Land--sea Distribution and Orography in the Asian Monsoon. Part I: Land--sea Distribution, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 27, 403-420.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-009-9005-7
    [5] Peng HU, Wen CHEN, Shangfeng CHEN, Lin WANG, Yuyun LIU, 2022: The Weakening Relationship between ENSO and the South China Sea Summer Monsoon Onset in Recent Decades, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 443-455.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1208-6
    [6] Sinong LI, Huiping YAN, Jing-Jia LUO, 2023: Seasonal Forecasts of Precipitation during the First Rainy Season in South China Based on NUIST-CFS1.0, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 1895-1910.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-023-2318-0
    [7] Zhang Suping, Jiang Shangcheng, 2001: Possible Influences of ITCZ in Asian Monsoon Regions on Rainy Season Anomaly of North China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 18, 1018-1028.
    [8] Ning JIANG, Congwen ZHU, 2021: Seasonal Forecast of South China Sea Summer Monsoon Onset Disturbed by Cold Tongue La Niña in the Past Decade, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 147-155.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-020-0090-y
    [9] Weiwei WANG, Song YANG, Tuantuan ZHANG, Qingquan LI, Wei WEI, 2022: Sub-seasonal Prediction of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon Onset in the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 1969-1981.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-1403-0
    [10] Lin Chunyu, 1985: STABILIZATION OF SUMMER MONSOON IN MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER AND SEASONAL TRANSITION OF EAST-ASIAN CIRCULATION PATTERN IN EARLY SUMMER, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 2, 376-384.  doi: 10.1007/BF02677254
    [11] Hao HUANG, Kun ZHAO, Johnny C. L. CHAN, Dongming HU, 2023: Microphysical Characteristics of Extreme-Rainfall Convection over the Pearl River Delta Region, South China from Polarimetric Radar Data during the Pre-summer Rainy Season, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 40, 874-886.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-1319-8
    [12] Hanying LI, Peng HU, Qiong ZHANG, Ashish SINHA, Hai CHENG, 2021: Understanding Interannual Variations of the Local Rainy Season over the Southwest Indian Ocean, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 38, 1852-1862.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1065-3
    [13] Xiong Anyuan, Wu Yijin, Cai Shuming, 1999: Reconstruction of the Rainfall in Rainy Season Based on Historical Drought/ Flood Grades, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 16, 147-153.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-999-0010-7
    [14] Li Chongyin, Wu Jingbo, 2000: On the Onset of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon in 1998, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 17, 193-204.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-000-0003-z
    [15] Gill M. MARTIN, Amulya CHEVUTURI, Ruth E. COMER, Nick J. DUNSTONE, Adam A. SCAIFE, Daquan ZHANG, 2019: Predictability of South China Sea Summer Monsoon Onset, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 36, 253-260.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-018-8100-z
    [16] DING Yihui, HE Chun, 2006: The Summer Monsoon Onset over the Tropical Eastern Indian Ocean: The Earliest Onset Process of the Asian Summer Monsoon, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 23, 940-950.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-006-0940-2
    [17] Zeng Qingcun, Yuan Chongguang, Li Xu, Zhang Ronghua, Yang Fanglin, Zhang Banglin, Lu Peisheng, Bi Xunqiang, Wang Huijun, 1997: Seasonal and Extraseasonal Predictions of Summer Monsoon Precipitation by Gcms, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 14, 163-176.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-997-0017-x
    [18] Gaili WANG, Ran LI, Jisong SUN, Xiangde XU, Renran ZHOU, Liping LIU, 2022: Comparative Analysis of the Characteristics of Rainy Season Raindrop Size Distributions in Two Typical Regions of the Tibetan Plateau, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 39, 1062-1078.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-021-1135-6
    [19] YANG Hui, SUN Shuqing, 2005: The Characteristics of Longitudinal Movement of the Subtropical High in the Western Pacific in the Pre-rainy Season in South China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 22, 392-400.  doi: 10.1007/BF02918752
    [20] FENG Yerong, WANG Ying, PENG Taoyong, YAN Jinghua, 2007: An Algorithm on Convective Weather Potential in the Early Rainy Season over the Pearl River Delta in China, ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, 24, 101-110.  doi: 10.1007/s00376-007-0101-2
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    • Manuscript History

    Manuscript received: 10 April 1997
    Manuscript revised: 10 April 1997
    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

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    Seasonal Transition of Summer Rainy Season over Indochina and Adjacent Monsoon Region

    • 1. Department of Geography, University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
    • Manuscript received: 1997-04-10
    • Manuscript revised: 1997-04-10

    Abstract: The mean onset and withdrawal of summer rainy season over the Indochina Peninsula were investigated using 5-day averaged rainfall data (1975-87). The mean seasonal transition process during onset and retreat phases in Indochina, India and the South China Sea is also examined using 5-day mean OLR (1975-87) and 850 hPa wind (1980-88) date. It was found that the onset of summer rainy season begins earlier in the inland region of Indochina (Thailand) in late April to early May than in the coastal region along the Bay of Bengal. This early onset of rainy sea-son is due to pre-monsoon rain under the mid-latitude westerly wind regime. The full summer monsoon circulation begins to establish in mid-May, causing active convective activity both over the west coast of Indochina and the cen-tral South China Sea. In case of withdrawal, the earliest retreat of summer rainy season is found in the central northern part of Indochina in late September. The wind field, on the other hand, already changes to easterlies in the northern South China Sea in early September. This easterly wind system covers the eastern part of Indochina where post-monsoon rain is still active. In late October, the wind field turns to winter time situation, but post monsoon rain still continues in the southern part of the Indochina Peninsula until late November

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