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刘卫国, 陶玥, 党娟, 周毓荃. 2014年春季华北两次降水过程的人工增雨催化数值模拟研究[J]. 大气科学, 2016, 40(4): 669-688. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1508.15138
引用本文: 刘卫国, 陶玥, 党娟, 周毓荃. 2014年春季华北两次降水过程的人工增雨催化数值模拟研究[J]. 大气科学, 2016, 40(4): 669-688. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1508.15138
LIU Weiguo, TAO Yue, DANG Juan, ZHOU Yuquan. Seeding Modeling Study of Two Precipitation Processes over Northern China in the Spring of 2014[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2016, 40(4): 669-688. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1508.15138
Citation: LIU Weiguo, TAO Yue, DANG Juan, ZHOU Yuquan. Seeding Modeling Study of Two Precipitation Processes over Northern China in the Spring of 2014[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2016, 40(4): 669-688. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1508.15138

2014年春季华北两次降水过程的人工增雨催化数值模拟研究

Seeding Modeling Study of Two Precipitation Processes over Northern China in the Spring of 2014

  • 摘要: 在WRF中尺度模式中耦合了中国气象科学研究院发展的CAMS(Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences)云微物理方案,并在CAMS方案中增加了直接播撒冰晶(S1方案)和播撒碘化银催化剂(S2方案)两种云催化方案。利用此模式,对2014年我国华北干旱期间开展飞机增雨作业的两次降水过程(个例1:5月9~10日;个例2:5月10~11日)进行了云催化数值模拟研究,分析了催化对降水和云物理量场影响,对比了S1和S2方案催化效果的异同。结果表明,在云层适当部位播撒催化剂,两种催化方案均会达到增雨效果,催化会引起云中各水凝物的明显变化,并导致催化区域温度、垂直速度的变化。个例1中,S2方案的催化影响范围要大于S1方案,在播撒区下游地区,S2方案催化效果要强于S1方案;而个例2中两方案催化效果没有表现出显著差异。S1和S2方案的催化效果在不同个例中表现不同,其重要原因在于两种催化方案的催化机制差异以及云系动力条件、水汽条件的不同。通过采用适当的催化剂量,在其他催化设置条件相同的情况下,S1和S2方案可以取得相似的催化效果,但需注意由于二者催化机制的差异,在一些具体云系条件下,二者的催化效果会有一定差异。当实际人工增雨作业采用碘化银催化剂时,相应的催化模拟研究使用S2方案更为适合。

     

    Abstract: The CAMS (Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences) cloud microphysics scheme, developed by the Weather Modification Center of the China Meteorological Administration, was coupled to the WRF model, and two kinds of cloud seeding schemes-seeding artificial ice crystal (S1) and seeding AgI aerosol particles (S2)-were constructed in the CAMS scheme. Using the WRF model with the new cloud microphysics scheme and cloud seeding scheme, numerical simulations of cloud seeding during two precipitation processes in 2014 (CASE1: 9-10 May; CASE2: 10-11 May) over northern China were conducted. Cloud seeding effects on rainfall and cloud microphysics structure resulting from the S1 and S2 schemes were analyzed separately. The results show that a seeding catalyst in an appropriate part of a precipitating cloud can lead to a change in precipitation, and precipitation enhancement effects were attained using both S1 and S2. Seeding resulted in evident variation in all kinds of hydrometeors in the seeding area, where it also stirred up change in temperature and updraft. In CASE1, the affected area of S2 was wider than that of S1, and the seeding effect of S2 was also more intense than that of S1 downstream of the seeding area. However, the difference in the seeding effect between S1 and S2 was not obvious in CASE2. The differences in seeding mechanism, cloud dynamics and water vapor were important factors causing different behavior in the seeding effects of both S1 and S2. A similar seeding effect could be attained through employing a proper seeding amount and setting the other seeding conditions the same in S1 and S2. Crucially, the difference in seeding mechanism of the two seeding schemes may result in the change in seeding effects in some clouds. The S2 scheme is more suitable for research on artificial precipitation operations in which AgI seeding agent is employed.

     

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