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杨萍, 肖子牛, 石文静. 基于小时降水资料研究北京地区降水的精细化特征[J]. 大气科学, 2017, 41(3): 475-489. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1606.16134
引用本文: 杨萍, 肖子牛, 石文静. 基于小时降水资料研究北京地区降水的精细化特征[J]. 大气科学, 2017, 41(3): 475-489. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1606.16134
Ping YANG, Ziniu XIAO, Wenjing SHI. Fine-Scale Characteristics of Rainfall in Beijing Urban Area Based on a High-Density Autonomous Weather Stations (AWS) Dataset[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2017, 41(3): 475-489. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1606.16134
Citation: Ping YANG, Ziniu XIAO, Wenjing SHI. Fine-Scale Characteristics of Rainfall in Beijing Urban Area Based on a High-Density Autonomous Weather Stations (AWS) Dataset[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2017, 41(3): 475-489. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1606.16134

基于小时降水资料研究北京地区降水的精细化特征

Fine-Scale Characteristics of Rainfall in Beijing Urban Area Based on a High-Density Autonomous Weather Stations (AWS) Dataset

  • 摘要: 根据北京全区2007~2014年117个自动气象站逐小时降水资料,在揭示降水总体时空特征的基础上,进一步研究了北京地区各季(以春、夏、秋为主)降水的精细化特征。研究发现:北京全区年均降水量存在两个高值中心(城区和下风方向的降水高值中心),城市热岛效应可能是城区高值中心形成的重要影响因素之一;北京全区降水的季节分布不均,日分布也不均匀;城市化对北京地区降水的影响具有季节差异,夏季短历时和中历时降水在城区和东北部存在显著的大值区,受到城市热岛效应的影响可能较为明显,长历时降水在城区反而相对偏低,而春季城区短、中历时降水并未偏多,长历时降水却在城区出现明显的高值中心;降水日变化季节差异明显,春、秋两季呈现双峰型变化,而夏季呈现单峰型变化,该日变化的特征与全区降水的空间分布格局关系紧密。

     

    Abstract: On the basis of a quality controlled hourly rainfall dataset from autonomous weather stations (AWS) for the past 8 years (2007-2014), the general and fine-scale characteristics of rainfall in Beijing were analyzed. Results show that there are two high rainfall centers in all area of Beijing. The urban heat island has an important effect on rainfall events. The rainfall events distribute unevenly both on seasonal scale and on daily scale. The study also found that the influence of urban heat island on rainfall events is different among different seasons. Events with high values of rainfall and 1-3 h and 4-6 h durations in the summer largely occur over central and northeastern Beijing, where the urban heat island has significant influences. However, there are fewer events of low rainfall with 6 h and longer duration in urban area in the summer. The features of rainfall distributions in the spring and autumn are opposite to that in the summer. Differences in diurnal variations of rainfall in different seasons are distinguished. The diurnal variation of precipitation displays a two-peak feature in the spring and autumn, while it only shows a single peak in the summer. These features are in accordance with the distributions of occurrence time of maximum rainfall amount over Beijing.

     

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