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陈俊, 平凡, 王秀春, 李梦夏. 台湾岛地形对“麦德姆”台风的影响[J]. 大气科学, 2017, 41(5): 1037-1058. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1701.16249
引用本文: 陈俊, 平凡, 王秀春, 李梦夏. 台湾岛地形对“麦德姆”台风的影响[J]. 大气科学, 2017, 41(5): 1037-1058. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1701.16249
Jun CHEN, Fan PING, Xiuchun WANG, Mengxia LI. Topographic Influence of Taiwan Island on Typhoon "Matmo"[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2017, 41(5): 1037-1058. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1701.16249
Citation: Jun CHEN, Fan PING, Xiuchun WANG, Mengxia LI. Topographic Influence of Taiwan Island on Typhoon "Matmo"[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2017, 41(5): 1037-1058. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1701.16249

台湾岛地形对“麦德姆”台风的影响

Topographic Influence of Taiwan Island on Typhoon "Matmo"

  • 摘要: 采用WRF模式,以2014年10号台风"麦德姆"为例,针对台湾岛中央山脉的局部地形,设计精细化地形试验,数值模拟了"麦德姆"台风登陆台湾岛前后地形对其路径、强度及风雨分布的影响。研究结果表明:真实的地形能更好的模拟和再现"麦德姆"台风发生发展的过程;台湾岛中央山脉地形对登岛"麦德姆"台风的路径有实质性的影响,降低台湾地形高度试验导致台风路径向西南偏转,而提高台湾岛地形高度则导致台风路径向东北偏转,地形高度改变的程度与路径偏转程度成正相关,地形高度改变所导致阻挡效应及台风环流与大尺度环流的相互作用是导致路径偏转的主要原因;台湾岛地形高度的改变对台风强度有明显的影响,增加或减少台湾岛地形高度,都会使台风强度有所减弱,这与地形变化引起的动力狭管效应、云水物质分布及外围云带的对流运动有关;台湾岛地形影响"麦德姆"台风降水的机制更为复杂,其不仅与地形引发的台风强度及结构变化有关,更与地形引起的眼区对流活动和螺旋云带及外围云系的时空分布有关。

     

    Abstract: In this paper, the WRF model is used to study the topographic impact of the mountain range in central Taiwan Island on typhoon "Matmo" in 2014, including the typhoon intensity and distributions of winds and rain before and after "Matmo" made landfall in Taiwan Island. The results show that realistic representation of the topography could yield better simulations and reproduce the development process of Typhoon "Matmo". The Taiwan Island Central Mountain had a substantial impact on the moving path of "Matmo". In the experiment with a reduced height of topography in Taiwan Island, "Matmo" turned to the southwest compared to the observation; when increasing the topography height, "Matmo" turned to the northeast of its observed path. The degree of topography height change was positively correlated to the path deflection of "Matmo". Interaction between typhoon circulation and large-scale circulation was the main reason for the path deflection of "Matmo". Furthermore, changes in the topography height in Taiwan Island had obvious impacts on the typhoon intensity. Both increase and decrease in topography height in Taiwan Island would weaken the typhoon intensity, which was attributed to the dynamic narrow-tube effect and also related to cloud water distribution and convective activities. The mechanism for the topographic effect of Taiwan Island on typhoon precipitation was complicated. It was not only related to typhoon intensity and structure changes, but also associated with terrain-induced convective activities and spatio-temporal distribution of the spiral clouds in the peripheral region of typhoon.

     

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