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吉振明, 高学杰, 张冬峰, 等. 亚洲地区气溶胶及其对中国区域气候影响的数值模拟[J]. 大气科学, 2010, 34(2): 262-274. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.02.03
引用本文: 吉振明, 高学杰, 张冬峰, 等. 亚洲地区气溶胶及其对中国区域气候影响的数值模拟[J]. 大气科学, 2010, 34(2): 262-274. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.02.03
JI Zhenming, GAO Xuejie, ZHANG Dongfeng, et al. Simulation of the Aerosols over Asia and Its Climate Effect on China[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2010, 34(2): 262-274. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.02.03
Citation: JI Zhenming, GAO Xuejie, ZHANG Dongfeng, et al. Simulation of the Aerosols over Asia and Its Climate Effect on China[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2010, 34(2): 262-274. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.02.03

亚洲地区气溶胶及其对中国区域气候影响的数值模拟

Simulation of the Aerosols over Asia and Its Climate Effect on China

  • 摘要: 使用一个耦合入化学过程的区域气候模式 (RegCM3), 在NCAR/NCEP再分析资料驱动下, 通过多年时间尺度的连续积分, 进行了亚洲区域气溶胶硫酸盐、 黑碳和有机碳的时空分布及其直接气候效应的数值模拟。首先对模式的模拟能力进行了检验, 结果表明, 模式能够较好地模拟中国地区气温和降水的分布, 对该区域气溶胶的时空分布有一定的模拟能力。模式模拟得到的气溶胶浓度分布在冬季南北差异较大而夏季较小。气溶胶浓度与其形成的大气层顶和地面负短波辐射强迫有较好的对应关系。四川盆地是气溶胶浓度及其产生的辐射强迫的高值区。气溶胶对地面气温和降水都产生影响。其中所引起的冬季气温降低, 与气溶胶的分布和浓度有一定的对应关系, 但夏季引起的降温中心位于河套及黄河下游地区。气溶胶使得冬季和夏季中国东部大部分地区的降水减少。同时, 对气温和降水上述变化的原因进行了讨论。

     

    Abstract: A regional climate model coupled with a chemistry-aerosol model (the ICTP RegCM3) is employed to simulate the anthropogenic aerosols including sulfate, black carbon and organic carbon and their direct effect on climate over Asia and China. The model is driven by the NCAR/NCEP re-analysis data. Multi-year simulations are conducted. Results show that the model performs well in reproducing present climate over the region. Simulation of the spatial and temporal patterns of aerosols is also reasonable although to a less extent. A greater latitudinal distribution of the aerosol concentration is simulated in winter compared to that in summer. Negative short wave radiative forcing is found at both the top of the atmosphere and the surface. The magnitude of the forcing is in good correspondence to the concentration of aerosols. The greatest concentration and largest radiative forcing are both found in the Sichuan Basin in Southwest China. Evident effects of the aerosols on both surface air temperature and precipitation are simulated over China. In winter, a drop in temperature impacted by aerosols is generally consistent with the aerosol concentration and distribution, whereas the largest decrease in temperature in summer is found in Hetao and the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The aerosol leads to a reduction of precipitation in eastern China both in winter and summer. The reasons for the temperature and precipitation changes are also presented in the paper.

     

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