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郄秀书, 杨静, 蒋如斌, 等. 新型人工引雷专用火箭及其首次引雷实验结果[J]. 大气科学, 2010, 34(5): 937-946. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.05.09
引用本文: 郄秀书, 杨静, 蒋如斌, 等. 新型人工引雷专用火箭及其首次引雷实验结果[J]. 大气科学, 2010, 34(5): 937-946. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.05.09
QIE Xiushu, YANG Jing, JIANG Rubin, et al. A New-Model Rocket for Artificially Triggering Lightning and Its First Triggering Lightning Experiment[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2010, 34(5): 937-946. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.05.09
Citation: QIE Xiushu, YANG Jing, JIANG Rubin, et al. A New-Model Rocket for Artificially Triggering Lightning and Its First Triggering Lightning Experiment[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2010, 34(5): 937-946. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.05.09

新型人工引雷专用火箭及其首次引雷实验结果

A New-Model Rocket for Artificially Triggering Lightning and Its First Triggering Lightning Experiment

  • 摘要: 成功研制了一种新型的人工引雷专用火箭, 火箭箭体结构采用了新型复合材料, 质量轻, 并具有空中抛伞和放线功能。利用新型火箭和全新的雷电流及同步电磁场测量技术, 在2009年的山东人工引雷实验 (SHATLE2009) 中成功引发负极性云对地放电过程3次, 共包括6次大电流回击过程, 采用0.5 mΩ的大功率同轴分流器和宽带光纤传输技术测量到了0.1 μs时间分辨率的雷电流波形、以及距雷电通道30 m、60 m和480 m处的电磁场和6000 f/s的高速摄像观测资料。6次回击的电流峰值分布范围为11.2~16.3 kA, 几何平均值12.8 kA; 半峰值宽度为7.4~34.9 μs, 几何平均值21.6 μs; 10%~90%峰值的上升时间为0.5~1.4 μs, 几何平均值1.0 μs。成功的人工引发雷电实验证明新型引雷火箭安全性能好、可靠性高, 其成功研制为雷电物理过程和效应的研究, 以及雷电流波形资料的积累提供了重要的技术手段, 对制定具有我国自主知识产权的雷电防护标准等具有重要的应用价值。

     

    Abstract: The new-model rocket for artificially triggering lightning was developed recently in China, and the body of the rocket is made of composite material and is light in weight. The new rockets and new measurement techniques of current and the corresponding electromagnetic fields were used in Shandong Artificially Triggering Lightning Experiment in the summer of 2009 (SHATLE2009), and three negative lightning discharges from cloud to ground, containing six subsequent return strokes, were successfully triggered in the experiment. The waveforms of discharge current were documented with 0.1-μs time resolution by using the new coaxial shunt with a resistant of 0.5 mΩ which output was transmitted to a 16-channel digital oscilloscope for recording through a broad band optical fiber. The corresponding electromagnetic fields at 30 m, 60 m, and 480 m away were measured simultaneously. The peak current of six subsequent return strokes ranged from 11.2 to 16.3 kA with a geometric mean value of 12.8 kA. The half peak width ranged from 7.4 to 34.9 μs with a geometric mean value of 21.6 μs. The rise time from 10% to 90% peak ranged from 0.5 to 1.4 μs with a geometric mean value of 1.0 μs. The successful triggering lightning experiment confirmes that the rocket with wire-trailing function is reliable and safe, and the parachute assembled inside the rocket shows good performance. The new-developed rocket for triggering lightning provides a crucial tool not only for the study of lightning and its effects, but also for the data accumulation of lightning current waveforms which is essential to the lightning protection design.

     

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