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孟春雷, 戴永久. 城市陆面模式设计及检验[J]. 大气科学, 2013, 37(6): 1297-1308. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2013.12185
引用本文: 孟春雷, 戴永久. 城市陆面模式设计及检验[J]. 大气科学, 2013, 37(6): 1297-1308. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2013.12185
MENG Chunlei, DAI Yongjiu. Development and Verification of a Bulk Urbanized Land Surface Model[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2013, 37(6): 1297-1308. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2013.12185
Citation: MENG Chunlei, DAI Yongjiu. Development and Verification of a Bulk Urbanized Land Surface Model[J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2013, 37(6): 1297-1308. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2013.12185

城市陆面模式设计及检验

Development and Verification of a Bulk Urbanized Land Surface Model

  • 摘要: 针对城市冠层模式(Urban Canopy Model,UCM)的各种局限性,本文首次提出整体城市陆面模式(Bulk Urbanized Land Surface Model,BULSM)的概念,即在现有先进的陆面模式的基础上直接构建城市陆面模式。本文在通用陆面模式(Common Land Model,CoLM)基础上构建整体城市陆面模式,根据城市的特点对CoLM进行了发展和重新参数化。模式采用高分辨率地表分类数据;改进了模式的地表能量平衡方程与水分平衡方程;对反照率、城市地表粗糙度、城市大气廓线、城市人为热、不透水面水分蒸发及积水深度等进行了重新参数化。模式保留了CoLM在自然下垫面的全部特性,加强了CoLM在城市或人为下垫面的模拟和预报能力。区域验证以及与CoLM对比结果表明整体城市陆面模式模拟结果能够显示出北京城区各参数的空间精细化分布情况,能够反映出地表分类对模拟结果的影响。单站点验证以及与CoLM和高分辨率城市陆面同化系统(u-HRLDAS)对比结果表明整体城市陆面模式地表温度模拟结果与CoLM相比有很大提高;和u-HRLDAS相比大部分站点地表温度模拟结果也有一定的改进。

     

    Abstract: According to the limitations of the urban canopy model (UCM), this paper puts forward the concept of the bulk urbanized land surface model (BULSM), which is developed directly on the basis of an up-do-date land surface model known as the common land model (CoLM). The high-resolution land surface classification data retrieved by thematic mapper (TM) imagery is used in the model. The land surface energy and water balance models are improved to reflect the characteristics of the urban land surface. The albedo, urban land surface roughness height, urban atmospheric profile, urban anthropogenic heat, impervious surface evaporation, and urban surface water depth are also reparameterized in the model. All of the characteristics of the natural land surface of CoLM are preserved in BULSM, and the simulation and prediction ability in urban or unnatural land surfaces are strengthened. Regional validation results and the comparison with CoLM indicate that the simulation results of BULSM can indicate the refinement distribution of the land surface parameters in urban Beijing and reflect the impact of land cover classification. The single point validation results and the comparison with CoLM and Urbanized High-Resolution Land Data Assimilation System (u-HRLDAS) indicate that the simulation result of land surface temperature is greatly improved over that with CoLM. In most of the stations, the results also show improvement compared with u-HRLDAS on the basis of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model/Urban Canopy Model (WRF/UCM).

     

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