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易雪, 李得勤, 杨森, 等. 2024. 植被覆盖度增加对辽宁地区气温变化的影响研究[J]. 大气科学, 48(2): 1−17. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2205.22005
引用本文: 易雪, 李得勤, 杨森, 等. 2024. 植被覆盖度增加对辽宁地区气温变化的影响研究[J]. 大气科学, 48(2): 1−17. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2205.22005
YI Xue, LI Deqin, YANG Sen, et al. 2024. Impact of Fractional Vegetation Coverage Increase on Air Temperature Change in Liaoning Province [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 48(2): 1−17. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2205.22005
Citation: YI Xue, LI Deqin, YANG Sen, et al. 2024. Impact of Fractional Vegetation Coverage Increase on Air Temperature Change in Liaoning Province [J]. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 48(2): 1−17. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2205.22005

植被覆盖度增加对辽宁地区气温变化的影响研究

Impact of Fractional Vegetation Coverage Increase on Air Temperature Change in Liaoning Province

  • 摘要: 植被覆盖度(Fractional Vegetation Coverage,简称FVC)是陆面参数中重要的参数之一,植被覆盖度变化直接影响地表能量的再分配进而影响区域乃至全球气候变化,研究植被覆盖度增加对区域气候的影响对未来区域气候变化的预估具有重要意义,这对适应和缓解全球气候变暖至关重要。本文利用2001~2018年中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)产品的植被归一化指数(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,简称NDVI)数据制作植被覆盖度,在辽宁地区分别进行了WRF模式默认植被覆盖度和实际植被覆盖度的长时间(2001~2018年)模式模拟试验,结论如下:(1)辽宁地区因植被覆盖度增加全省年平均气温降低了0.48°C,其中夏季降温幅度最大,降温0.71°C,春、秋两季平均降温0.35°C和0.66°C,冬季降温幅度最小0.2°C。植被覆盖度增加对日最高、最低气温也有明显的降温作用,其中日最低气温对植被覆盖度增加的响应大于最高气温,且植被覆盖度增加与气温降温的空间分布具有较好一致性。(2)2001~2018年年均和四季植被覆盖度的显著增加对年均和四季平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温均有降温趋势,尤其是对日最低气温降温作用更明显。(3)植被覆盖度增加导致气温降低的主要原因是由于蒸散发的增加导致潜热通量增加,感热通量减少;而对于日最低气温降低,主要是由于植被覆盖度增加导致地表温度降低进而引起夜间向上长波辐射减少。总体而言,植被覆盖度增加越多降温效果越明显,进而减缓辽宁省气候变暖。

     

    Abstract: Fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) is one of the most important land surface parameters. Changes in FVC directly impact the redistribution of land surface energy as well as regional and even global climate change. Studying the effects of increased FVC on regional climate is crucial for future projections of regional climate change, which are necessary for adapting and mitigating global warming. In this paper, long-term weather research and forecasting (WRF) model simulation experiment with default FVC in WRF and actual FVC calculated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of the moderate-resolution image spectroradiometer from 2001 to 2018 were simulated in Liaoning province. The analysis yielded the following results. (1) The increase in vegetation coverage decreased the annual average temperature in Liaoning province by 0.48°C, demonstrating the largest drop of 0.71°C in summer, 0.35°C and 0.66°C in spring and autumn, respectively, and the smallest drop of 0.2°C in winter. The increase in FVC had a significant cooling effect on the daily maximum and minimum air temperatures, among which the responses of the daily minimum temperature to the increase in vegetation coverage were greater than that of the maximum temperature, and the increase in FVC exhibited a good spatial consistency with the temperature cooling. (2) The significant increase in annual and seasonal FVC from 2001 to 2018 had a cooling trend on the annual and seasonal averages and maximum and minimum temperatures, particularly on the minimum temperature. (3) The increase in evapotranspiration causes an increase in the latent heat flux and a decrease in the sensible heat flux, which are primarily responsible for the decrease in air temperature caused by the increased FVC. The decrease in minimum temperature occurs mainly due to the decrease in the surface temperature driven by increased vegetation coverage, leading to a decrease in the upward long-wave radiation at night. In general, the larger the increase in FVC, the more pronounced will be the cooling effect, and the increase in FVC can reduce the rate of climate change in Liaoning Province.

     

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