Waveguide Teleconnections in the Boreal Summer: Progress and Perspectives

Waveguide teleconnections are quasi-stationary planetary waves propagating along the jet stream waveguide. They play a crucial role in the maintenance and evolution of atmospheric circulation, and their unusual activities often lead to extreme weather and climate events. Exploring the variation and mechanism of waveguide teleconnections on various timescales can not only deepen our understanding of atmospheric circulation dynamics but also serve as a scientific basis for weather forecasting, climate prediction, and climate projection on different timescales. Based on the dynamic properties of the jet stream waveguide, the atmospheric waveguide can be classified into subtropical and polar-front jet waveguides, which are primarily maintained by the barotropic and baroclinic effects, respectively. This paper focuses on the waveguide teleconnections in the boreal summer over the Eurasian region and when and where waveguide teleconnections are most active. The history and theory of waveguide teleconnections are first reviewed, followed by the summary of recent advances in the study of waveguide teleconnections along subtropical and polar-front jets, including their formation conditions, dynamic mechanisms, climate impacts, and future changes. Finally, issues regarding the waveguide teleconnection that warrant future investigation are discussed.