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李明, 梁旺国, 郑循华, 杨治平, 郑普山, 陈玉成, 陈德立. 晋南地区典型盐碱地棉田的NO排放特征[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2009, 14(3): 318-328. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2009.03.09
引用本文: 李明, 梁旺国, 郑循华, 杨治平, 郑普山, 陈玉成, 陈德立. 晋南地区典型盐碱地棉田的NO排放特征[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2009, 14(3): 318-328. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2009.03.09
Characteristics of NO Emission from Typical Saline Soil of Southern Shanxi Cotton Land[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2009, 14(3): 318-328. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2009.03.09
Citation: Characteristics of NO Emission from Typical Saline Soil of Southern Shanxi Cotton Land[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2009, 14(3): 318-328. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2009.03.09

晋南地区典型盐碱地棉田的NO排放特征

Characteristics of NO Emission from Typical Saline Soil of Southern Shanxi Cotton Land

  • 摘要: NO是一种主要的大气污染物,施肥农田是大气NO的第二大排放源,农田NO减排有利于减轻空气污染。但农田NO减排措施的制定需要以排放特征和清单研究为基础。本研究采用静态箱自动采样-化学发光在线实时测定方法,对晋南地区典型灌溉盐碱地棉田(实验期间以纯氮计的氮肥施用量为66.3 kg·hm-2·a-1)的NO排放进行了全天候周年连续观测。结果表明:对于该棉田的NO排放测定,提高观测频率比增加空间重复(增加采样箱)更重要;年度NO排放表现出春夏高、秋冬低的季节变化特点;晴天普遍发生着与温度同步的日间极大值单峰型日变化,且大多数情况下的NO日排放极大值比5 cm深度的土壤温度极大值提前大约3 h;NON背景排放率约为064 kg·hm-2·a-1,肥料氮的年NON直接排放系数为0.32% ± 0.09%。这些结果揭示了盐碱地棉田NO排放的一些重〖JP〗要特征,并为编制农田NO排放清单提供了排放系数实测数据。

     

    Abstract: NO is a primary air pollutant and fertilized farmland is globally the second largest source of atmospheric NO. Development of mitigation strategies to relieve air pollution requires understanding the characteristics and quantifying the amounts of NO emissions from cultivated saline soils. The authors carried out yearround continuous measurements of NO fluxes from the typical saline soil cultivated with cotton in southern Shanxi and applied with a pure nitrogen fertilizer at 663 kg·hm-2·a-1. An automated system based on static chamber technique and online chemiluminescent analysis was employed for the measurements. The results showed that increasing measurement intervals to better capture diurnal variability was more essential than increasing spatial replicates of observations, in terms of annual emission quantification. The NO emission showed an obvious pattern of seasonal variation, with intensive fluxes appearing in spring and early summer, especially after nitrogen fertilization, and marginal emissions occurring in the remaining period of the year. The diurnal variation pattern with singlepeak commonly appeared under clear weathers. The maximum diurnal fluxes of the daypeak pattern mostly appeared about 3 h earlier than that of soil (5 cm) temperature. The background NON emission was estimated at about 0.64 kg·hm-2·a-1. Meanwhile, the annual direct NO emission factor of applied nitrogen fertilizers was quantified as 0.32%±0.09%. While this study revealed some important characteristics of NO emission from saline soils cultivated with cotton, it also provided emission factors for compiling inventories of NO emissions from croplands.

     

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