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陈斌, 徐祥德, 施晓晖. 亚洲季风区夏季近地层CO向上对流层输送过程的模拟[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2011, 16(3): 280-288. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2011.03.03
引用本文: 陈斌, 徐祥德, 施晓晖. 亚洲季风区夏季近地层CO向上对流层输送过程的模拟[J]. 气候与环境研究, 2011, 16(3): 280-288. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2011.03.03
CHEN Bin, XU Xiangde, SHI Xiaohui. Simulation on the Transport Processes of CO from Surface Layer to Upper Troposphere in Summer over Asian Monsoon Region[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2011, 16(3): 280-288. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2011.03.03
Citation: CHEN Bin, XU Xiangde, SHI Xiaohui. Simulation on the Transport Processes of CO from Surface Layer to Upper Troposphere in Summer over Asian Monsoon Region[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2011, 16(3): 280-288. DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9585.2011.03.03

亚洲季风区夏季近地层CO向上对流层输送过程的模拟

Simulation on the Transport Processes of CO from Surface Layer to Upper Troposphere in Summer over Asian Monsoon Region

  • 摘要: 基于全球大气研究排放源(Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research,EDGAR,3.2版本)的CO地表排放源数据,借助于拉格朗日大气轨迹输送模式FLEXPART,通过数值模拟手段,初步探讨了2006年夏季亚洲季风区CO异常分布形成的原因及深对流向上输送和反气旋控制作用相关的输送过程。比较分析发现,受到地表排放源等不确定因素的影响,数值模拟和卫星资料反演的CO浓度存在一定偏差(体积分数相差可达2×10-8~3×10-8),但其时空变化特征具有相对的一致性。仅在大尺度风场的驱动下,模式亦可以模拟出上对流层区域CO浓度分布特征,但进一步考虑对流抬升的输送作用后,模拟结果和实际资料更吻合,表明亚洲季风区上对流层区域CO浓度大值区的形成是中小尺度对流抬升和大尺度输送的共同作用,但后者影响程度更大。亚洲季风区夏季上对流层区域的CO主要源于印度半岛北部、非洲中部和中国东北部地区的地表排放。该区域CO异常分布主要和两个输送过程相关:一个是大尺度输送和中小尺度对流抬升在垂直方向的输送,使得对流层下部的高CO浓度大气可以很快地抬升到上对流层,甚至可以达到16 km的对流层顶高度附近,然后在哈得来环流以及南亚反气旋的影响下,进一步向低纬热带地区输送;另一个是对流层中低层向东和向极一侧的输送使得印度中南部、阿拉伯半岛甚至非洲中部成为亚洲季风区内CO远距离输送的源区。

     

    Abstract: Based on the annual Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR,Version 3.2) CO emissions data, the preliminary mechanism of the extreme center coming into being and related transport process transported upwards by deep convection and confined by the anticyclonic circulation in the North Hemisphere in summer 2006 is investigated by using a Lagrangian particle transport and dispersion model FLEXPART containing a simple convective parameterization. There is a good agreement in the temporal trend although a litter difference (the volume fraction can reach 2×10-8-3×10-8) between simulated CO and observations derived from satellite is obtained over Asia monsoon region possibly due to the uncertainty of CO emissions. The authors investigate the respective roles of large scale transport and convection in determining CO maximum in Upper Troposphere (UT) in the Asian monsoon region. It is found that the model can also simulate the CO distribution characteristic even only droved by the large scale wind fields. But the enhanced results can be obtained with the consideration of convection. The results show that convection does not have a significant impact on the CO budget comparing with the large scale circulation. The maximum CO value regions in UT in the Asian monsoon areas in summer mainly have an origination from the atmosphere boundary layer surface from the north of Indian Peninsula, the middle of Africa,and the northeast part of China. In Asian monsoon regions, two main transportation processes of CO account for the exceptional distribution of CO in upper troposphere. On the one hand, high density CO in the lower troposphere can be lifted upwards into UT quickly, even can be advected vertically further to the altitudes near the tropopause (about 16 km) by large scale,and mesoscale and small scale convective circulation, and then, much of the CO is then advected in the upper troposphere southwestward with the cross equatorial Hadley flow. On the other hand, the eastward and poleward transportations in the middle and lower troposphere turn the central southern India, Arabia, even the middle part of Africa into origins for long distance transport of CO in the Asian monsoon regions.

     

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