Abstract: Based on the NCAR CAM3.1 model and the distribution of heat sources calculated by NCEP/NCAR (version 1) reanalysis datasets, the impact of atmospheric heat source (sink) distribution over Asia and the Southern Hemisphere on East Asian summer monsoon and Indian summer monsoon is investigated. The results show that: Firstly, the distribution of atmospheric heat source over East Asian region and heat sink over Australia have close relations with East Asian summer monsoon, the heating over the East Asian continent and West Pacific can induce the subtropical monsoon system over the Northern Hemisphere (for example the subtropical high), and the heating over the South China Sea and the cooling over the North Australia are the major mechanism for the tropical Southwestlies monsoon over the South China Sea, the anticyclone over Australia, and the crossequatorial flow; Secondly, the heating over the western part of Asian region and Indian Ocean and that south of the equator connect with Indian summer monsoon very well, however, the impact on East Asian summer monsoon is weak. Heating over the Bay of Bengal can induce Indian southwestlies monsoon to extend eastwardly, heating over the subtropical continent is the major mechanism for the subtropical high over the Northern Hemisphere.