Abstract: On the basis of a reanalysis of the monthly mean data of surface sensible heat and atmospheric circulation data provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), sea surface temperature (SST) data provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the monthly precipitation data from 1979 to 2019 provided by the Nation Meteorological Information Center, the possible linkage between SH over the Iranian Plateau and SST over the tropical Indian Ocean in summer and precipitation over the Tarim Basin in the same period is analyzed. Singular value decomposition shows that the surface thermal anomalies in both areas are closely related to summer precipitation in the Tarim Basin and can modulate the precipitation variation by influencing the wind at 500 hPa and water flux transportation. When corresponding to stronger (weaker) sensible heat over the Iranian Plateau and warmer (colder) SSTs over the tropical Indian Ocean, on the one hand, an anomalous cyclone (anticyclone) over central Asia and an anticyclone (cyclone) over the Mongolian Plateau cause the anomalous south (north) wind to prevail over the Tarim Basin and (do not) form favorable dynamic conditions; on the other hand, because of an anomalous anticyclone (cyclone) over the Indian Peninsula and an anomalous cyclone (anticyclone) over central Asia, the water vapor can (not) be transported to the Tarim Basin by two-step transportation based on the above two anomalous circulations. All of the abovementioned components contribute to more (less) summer precipitation occurring. When the heating anomalies over the Iranian Plateau and tropical Indian Ocean are in opposition, they can lead to more precipitation in some regions of the Tarim Basin and less precipitation in other regions.