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亚洲夏季风反气旋系统对上对流层—下平流层大气成分垂直作用边界的定量分析

Quantifying the Vertical Confinement Boundary of the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone in UTLS Atmospheric Composition

  • 摘要: 基于2004~2020年夏季大气化学实验傅里叶变换光谱仪的长期观测数据,系统揭示了亚洲夏季风反气旋(Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone, ASMA)系统对上对流层—下平流层(Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere, UTLS)区域大气成分的围困效应及其垂直作用边界。观测表明,6种光化学寿命差异显著的对流层示踪物(CO、HCN、C2H6、C2H2、CH3Cl、OCS)在12~20 km范围内持续增强(最大值出现在13~15 km),其中短寿命物种(C2H2、CH3Cl)的增强高度(约14 km)与深对流输送密切关联,表明深对流出流主要集中在14 km附近。而中长寿命物种(CO、HCN、C2H6、OCS)在16 km仍存在残留增强,这揭示了ASMA闭合环流对污染物的持续围困作用。此外,平流层示踪物O3和HCl在ASMA范围内则同步衰减,呈现类热带低值特征。通过结合多物种变异系数廓线分析,定量确定了ASMA系统对UTLS大气成分的垂直作用边界约20 km,其动力结构通过增强上升运动并抑制水平扩散,形成从对流层低层直达平流层的“烟囱效应”。研究结果为理解ASMA区域污染物跨圈层输送提供了关键观测约束。

     

    Abstract: Based on long-term observation from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer during the summers of 2004–2020, this study systematically reveals the confinement effect and the vertical confinement boundary of the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone (ASMA) on the atmospheric composition in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) . The observations show that six tropospheric tracers (CO, HCN, C2H6, C2H2, CH3Cl, and OCS) with different photochemical lifetimes exhibit continuous enhancements between 12 and 20 km (with peak values at 13–15 km) in the ASMA UTLS region. Short-lived species (e.g., C2H2 and CH3Cl) have display enhanced altitudes (~14 km) that are directly associated with deep convective transport, indicating that deep convective outflow is mainly concentrated near 14 km. However, medium- to long-lived species (e.g., CO, HCN, C2H6, and OCS) still show residual enhancements at 16 km, indicating the persistent trapping effect of the ASMA circulation on pollutants. In addition, the stratospheric tracers O3 and HCl decay synchronously in the ASMA region, showing tropical-like characteristics. Further analysis of the coefficient-of-variation profiles across multiple species quantitatively confirms that the vertical confinement boundary of the ASMA is~20 km. The dynamic structure of the AMSA suppresses horizontal diffusion while enhancing its upward motion, creating a “chimney effect” that extends from the lower troposphere to the stratosphere. These results provide key constraints for understanding cross-tropopause transport of pollutants in the ASMA region.

     

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