Abstract: This paper is dedicated to the 110th anniversary of the birth of our respected mentor, Academician Ye Duzheng. Under the guidance of the theories proposed by Academician Ye, it primarily summarizes the research results of our team on the variability of the East Asian summer monsoon climate system and its impacts on summer climate disasters in China, and reviews relevant domestic and international studies in this field. This paper briefly outlines the severity of summer climate disasters in China, the impacts of the variability of the East Asian summer monsoon circulation system on the occurrence of such disasters, as well as the components and variability of the East Asian summer monsoon climate system and their influencing mechanisms on the variability of the East Asian summer monsoon circulation system. In addition, it puts forward several critical scientific issues that urgently require further research in this field in the future.