Abstract: Given the comprehensive, systematic, and multi-dimensional nature of food security, this research clarifies its multi-dimensional connotations and the driving mechanisms affecting it. On this basis, the review focuses on summarizing the current status of climate change impact assessment on food security, and briefly discusses existing research challenges and future directions. The results indicate that: The conceptual evolution of food security dimensions exhibits coordinated integration of international standards and localized characteristics, with climate change being a significant driving factor. Climate change, via multiple pathways such as temperature rise, more frequent extreme events, and the proximity of climate tipping points, exerts systematic cascading effects on every dimension of food security, and these effects interact with other socioeconomic drivers to produce compounded and amplified outcomes. Future research should adopt interdisciplinary integrated approaches to develop and refine a unified theoretical paradigm for multi-framework integrated evaluation, advance the in-depth coupled simulation of climate models, crop growth models and economic equilibrium models, establish an indicator system supported by multi-source data, compatible with spatio-temporal dynamics and capable of predictable risk early warning, optimize the weight distribution of multi-dimensional indicators with emerging cutting-edge technologies, and focus on analyzing the multi-dimensional instantaneous impacts of extreme climate events and the systematic cascading mechanisms of climate tipping points, so as to provide scientific support for global food security governance and climate risk prevention.